Öz

Drought is an abiotic stress factor that negatively affects plant growth and productivity. Drought stress reduces the yield of cereals such as wheat. Glycine-Betaine (GB), which is a good osmo-tolerant, is easily absorbed into leaf tissues when applied exogenously under osmotic stress conditions. Thus, it maintains photosynthetic activity and membrane integrity in chloroplasts and reduces membrane damage. In this study, root and stem length, chlorophyll content (SPAD), relative water content, lipid peroxidation (TBARS), cell membrane permeability (HZG), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and antioxidant defense system enzyme activities (peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT)) were investigated in two wheat varieties (drought tolerant, Sultan-95; drought-resistant, Tosunbey) of 5 mM GB application. According to our results, both varieties were protected from drought-related chlorosis and root length inhibition with exogenous GB application. It was determined that the amount of TBARS and H2O2 increased with drought-dependent oxidative stress in both wheat varieties decreased with exogenous GB application. In reducing oxidative stress, it was determined that H2O2 detoxification occurred with the increase in POX activities in Tosunbey variety and with the increase in APX and CAT activities in Sultan-95. As a result, exogenous GB application provided a protection from oxidative damage caused by drought stress in both wheat varieties.

Kuraklık stresi altındaki buğdayda eksojen Glisin Betain’in fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal etkileri

Öz

Kuraklık, bitki büyümesini ve verimini olumsuz etkileyen bir abiyotik stres faktörüdür. Buğday gibi tahıllar kuraklık stresinden olumsuz etkilendiklerinden verim azalmaktadır. İyi bir ozmo-tolerant olan Glisin-Betain (GB) ozmotik stres koşullarında eksojen olarak uygulandığında yaprak dokularına kolaylıkla alınır, kloroplastlarda fotosentetik aktivite ve zar bütünlüğünün sürdürülmesini sağlar ve membran zararını azaltır. Ayrıca, K+ alınımını ve klorofil içeriğini artırır. Bu çalışmada 5 mM GB uygulamasının kuraklığa farklı toleransa sahip iki buğday çeşidinde (kurağa duyarlı Sultan-95, kurağa-dayanıklı Tosunbey) kök ve gövde uzunluğu, klorofil miktarı (SPAD), bağıl su içeriği, lipit peroksidasyon (TBARS), hücre zarı geçirgenliği (HZG) ve antioksidan savunma sistemi enzim aktiviteleri (peroksidaz (POX), askorbat peroksidaz (APX), glutatyon redüktaz (GR), katalaz (CAT)) üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sonuçlarımıza göre, eksojen GB uygulaması ile her iki çeşit kuraklığa bağlı klorozisten ve kök uzunluğundaki inhibisyondan korunmuştur. Her iki çeşitte oksidatif stres nedeniyle kuraklıkla artan TBARS ve H2O2 miktarının eksojen GB uygulamasıyla azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Oksidatif stresin bastırılmasında, H2O2 detoksifikasyonunun Tosunbey çeşidinde POX aktivitelerindeki artış ile Sultan-95’te ise APX ve CAT aktivitelerindeki artış ile gerçekleştiği saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, eksojen GB uygulaması her iki buğday çeşidinde kuraklık stresiyle ortaya çıkan oksidatif zarardan korunma sağlamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuraklık Stresi
• Antioksidan savunma sistemi
• Buğday
• Glisin-Betain

Teşekkür

Dr. Belma ACAR

Kaynakça

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