EFFECT OF ALKALINE STABILIZED DOMESTIC WASTEWATER ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND YIELD, QUALITY AND NUTRITION OF SILAGE MAIZE

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 31 - 40, 02.01.2012

Betül Bürün , A. Levent Tuna , İbrahim Yokaş , Hülya Özkul

Öz

Reuse of domestic wastewater that does not contain heavy metals or pathogenic microorganisms, as irrigation water is a significant method in terms of water conservation all around the world. In this field trial which was conducted over two years, the domestic wastewater (DW) of Muğla City after being alkaline stabilized was used to irrigate maize plant for silage and the interaction of soil and water was also controlled during the trial. Alkaline stabilized domestic wastewater (ASDW) was applied in four different doses as 150 ton ha-1, 300 ton ha-1, 450 ton ha-1 and 600 ton ha-1. During the vegetation stage, periodic physical observations were done and soil and plant samples were collected in order to evaluate the state of nutrition and effects of alkaline stabilized domestic wastewater. In the analysis, it was determined that pH and salt content of the soil didn’t change and the contents of Ca and Mg elements increased. Chemical composition, in vitro metabolic energy values and pH of silage feedstuffs samples were investigated. In comparison with control, alkaline stabilized domestic wastewater treatment increased dry matter, crude protein, crude fat (as ether extract) and thus the metabolic energy (ME) content of feedstuffs. For silage yield, crude protein and metabolic energy, the best results were obtained with 600 ton ha-1 application. According to the results, after alkaline stabilized domestic wastewater application to soil, which is a finite natural resource, soil was not negatively affected, and the quality and physiological features of maize for silage were affected affirmatively. In conclusion, alkaline stabilized domestic wastewater can be reused as a source of irrigation water and fertilizer for agricultural purposes.

KİREÇLE STABİLİZE EDİLMİŞ KENTSEL ATIK SULARIN SİLAJLIK MISIRDA BESLENME, KALİTE VE VERİM İLE TOPRAK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Ağır metal ve patojen mikroorganizma ihtiva etmeyen kentsel atık suların sulama suyu olarak kullanımı, su korunumu açısından tüm dünyada kullanılan önemli bir metottur. Muğla İlinde iki yıllık tarla denemesiyle kireçle stabilize edilmiş kentsel atık sular silajlık mısır bitkisinin sulanmasında kullanılmış ve deneme süresince toprak ve su etkileşimleri kontrol altında tutulmuştur. Atık su; 150 ton ha-1, 300 ton ha-1, 450 ton ha-1 ve 600 ton ha-1 olmak üzere 4 farklı dozda uygulanmıştır. Vejetasyon süresince uygulanan atık suların toprağa ve bitkiye olan etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla periyodik olarak toprak ve bitki örnekleri toplanmış ve fiziksel gözlemler yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda toprağın pH ve EC değerlerinin değişmediği ancak Ca ve Mg kapsamlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Silaj örneklerinin kimyasal kompozisyonu, in vitro metabolik enerji ve pH değerleri silaj öncesi ve sonrası ayrı ayrı olmak üzere değerlendirilmiş ve kontrol uygulamaları ile atık su uygulama grupları karşılaştırıldığında; kuru madde, ham protein, ham yağ ve metabolik enerji kapsamlarının arttığı belirlenmiştir. Silaj verimi, ham protein kapsamı ve metabolik enerji açısından en iyi sonuçlar 600 ton ha-1 uygulamasıyla elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; kıt bir kaynak olan toprağa kentsel atık su uygulamasından sonra toprağın olumsuz etkilenmediği, önemli bir endüstriyel bitki olan silajlık mısırın fizyolojik özellikleri ve kalitesinin olumlu yönde etkilendiği ve ayrıca kireçle stabilize edilmiş kentsel atık suların önemli bir gübre ve sulama suyu kaynağı olarak yeniden kullanılabileceği yargısına varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alkaline stabilization, Domestic wastewater, Land application, Maize

Kaynakça

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