Recent approaches in pregnancy nutrition of slaughter animals

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 207 - 213, 25.07.2015

Canan Kop Bozbay , Nuh Ocak , Mehmet Kuran

https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2015.30.2.207-213

Öz

The success of pregnancy in slaughter animals depends on the relationship between growth and development of fetus (es) and the level of nutrient intake of the maternal and fetus in the embryonic and fetal period. This situation is very important in determining the efficiency throughout the life of offspring (postnatal body composition, growth rate, efficiency parameters, meat quality, etc.). Increasing of the daily live weight gains and marble rate in meat in the fattening and consequently to obtain higher and quality meat in terms of producers and consumers depend on manipulation of factors affecting foetal muscle (myogenesis) and fat (adipogenesis) formation during prenatal period. In this review, it was focused on various signal pathways and their receptors managed the myogenesis and adipogenesis process prenatal and thus influenced the meat yield and quality (marble) by affecting formation of muscle (Wnt, β- catenin, Shh, Pax7, etc.) and fat (PPARγ, nuclear factor-KB, tumor necrosis factor-α, etc.) in fetus .The inhibition or activation of these signal paths with the feeding level and some feed additives during pregnancy were also evaluated. As a result, there are need further investigations for better understanding of mechanisms which are activated signal pathways and receptors managed the fetal muscle (myogenesis) and fat (adipogenesis) formation during prenatal period and the effects of feeding on this mechanism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adipogenesis, feeding, gestation, ruminant animals, marble, myogenesis

Kasaplık hayvanlarının gebelik dönemi beslenmesinde güncel yaklaşımlar

Öz

Kasaplık hayvanlarda gebeliğin başarısı embriyonal ve fetal dönemde ananın besin madde alım düzeyi ile fetüsün(lerin) büyümesi ve gelişmesi arasındaki ilişkiye bağlıdır. Bu durum yavrunun hayatı boyunca verimliliğini belirlemede (postnatal vücut kompozisyonu, büyüme oranı, verimlilik parametreleri, et kalitesi vb.) oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Beside günlük canlı ağırlık artışı ve ette mermerleşme oranının artması ve dolayısıyla üretici ve tüketici açısından daha fazla ve kaliteli et elde edilmesi, doğum öncesi fetal dönemde kas (miyogenesiz) ve yağ (adipogenesiz) oluşumunu etkileyen faktörlerin düzenlenmesine bağlıdır. Bu derlemede fetal dönemde miyogenesiz ve adipogenesiz sürecini yöneten, dolayısıyla fetüste kas (Wnt, β- catenin, Shh, Pax7, vb.) ve yağ (PPARγ, Nükleer faktör-KB, Tümör nekroz faktörü-α, vb.) dokusu oluşumunu etkileyerek et verimi ve kalitesini (mermerleşme) artıran çeşitli sinyal yolları ve reseptörleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Ayrıca bu sinyal yollarının gebelik dönemindeki besleme düzeyi ve bazı yem katkı maddeleri ile engellenmesi veya aktivasyonu da değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak fetal dönemde miyogenesiz ve adipogenesiz sürecini yöneten sinyal yollarını ve reseptörlerini aktive eden mekanizmaların ve bu mekanizma üzerinde beslemenin etkilerinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adipogenesiz, besleme, gebelik, geviş getiren hayvanlar, mermerleşme, miyogenesiz

Kaynakça

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