Organik madde uzaklaştırılmasının parçacık büyüklük dağılımına etkileri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1, 106 - 114, 14.02.2020

Nurullah Acir Hikmet Günal İsmail Çelik

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.615474

Öz

Toprakta devam eden birçok
fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik süreç üzerine önemli düzeyde etkiye sahip olan
parçacık büyüklük dağılımının doğru belirlenmesi, süreçler hakkında daha doğru
yorum yapılabilmesini mümkün kılacaktır. Bu çalışmada, organik madde (OM)
uzaklaştırılması ön muamelesinin kil içerikleri %18.8 ile %83.4 arasında
değişen 80 toprağın parçacık büyüklük dağılımı üzerine etkileri incelenmiş ve
OM uzaklaştırmasının gerekli olup olmadığı tartışılmıştır. Topraklar kil
(<40%, %40-60 ve >60%) ve OM (%0-1, %1-2, %2-4 ve >%4) içeriklerine
göre gruplara ayrılarak OM uzaklaştırmanın etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. OM
uzaklaştırmanın beş farklı kum fraksiyonuna (53µ, 106µ, 250µ, 500µ ve 1000µ)
etkisi de bu çalışma kapsamında incelenmiştir. OM madde içeriği %0.17 ile 6.78%
arasında değişmektedir. Hidrojen peroksit ile OM uzaklaştırılması sonrasında
kum ve kil içerikleri istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde değişmiştir. OM
uzaklaştırılması ile toprakların kil ve silt içeriği artarken, kum içeriğinde
OM içeriği %1’in üzerinde olan topraklarda önemli düzeyde düşüş
gerçekleşmiştir. Kum fraksiyonlarında, orta kum (250 µ) boyutundaki artışa
karşılık ince (106 µ) boyuttaki kum miktarında önemli düzeyde azalma tespit
edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, OM içeriği %1’in üzerinde olan topraklarda OM
uzaklaştırılmasının, tekstür bileşenlerini önemli düzeyde değiştirdiğini
göstermiştir. Uzaklaştırma olmadan yapılan tekstür analizinde kil ve silt
içeriklerinin daha düşük, kum içeriğinin ise daha yüksek olacağı
unutulmamalıdır. Bu nedenle, toprağın birçok önemli fonksiyonunun
gerçekleşmesinde etkili olan parçacık büyüklük dağılımının doğru belirlenmesi
adına tekstür analizine başlamadan önce OM uzaklaştırılmasının standart bir ön
işlem haline getirilmesi gerekmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toprak tekstürü, Organik madde, Hidrojen Peroksit, Kum Fraksiyonu, Ön muamele

Effects of organic matter removal on particle size distribution

Öz

Accurate determination of the particle size
distribution, which has significant impacts on many physical, chemical and
biological processes in soil, will enable a more accurate interpretation of the
processes. In this study, the effects of organic matter (OM) removal pretreatment
on the particle size distribution of 80 soil samples which have a clay content
ranging from 18.8 to 83.4% were investigated to determine the necessity of OM
removal pretreatment. The effect of OM removal was discussed by separating soil
samples into clay (<40%, 40-60% and > 60%) and OM (0-1%, 1-2%, 2-4% and
> 4%) group contents. The effect of OM removal on five different sand
fractions (53µ, 106µ, 250µ, 500µ and 1000µ) was also investigated in this
study. The mean OM content was 2.48% and ranged from 0.17 to 6.78%. Sand and
clay contents of soil samples significantly changed after the removal of OM
with hydrogen peroxide. The removal of OM caused an increase in clay and silt
contents, while sand content significantly decreased in soils with an OM content
of higher than 1%. Fine sand fraction (106 µ) significantly decreased despite
an increase in 250 µ size sand fraction. The results showed that removal of OM
with an OM content of higher than 1% significantly changes the particle size
distribution. If soil texture is determined without removal of OM, clay and
silt contents will be lower and the sand content will be higher than the actual
case. Therefore, the removal of OM should be set as a standard pretreatment
procedure before starting the texture analysis in order to accurately determine
the particle size distribution which is crucial for many important soil
functions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Soil texture, Organic matter, Hydrogen peroxide, Sand fraction, Pretreatment

Kaynakça

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