Araştırma Makalesi
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Bazı arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşitlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirilebilirliği, besin maddeleri içerikleri ve enerji değerlerinin karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1, 133 - 139, 14.02.2020
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.673760

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yetiştirilen 5 arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşidinin (Karatay-94, Beyşehir, Ayrancı, Kral-97 ve Larende) kimyasal kompozisyonu, in vitro gaz üretimi (GÜ), organik madde sindirilebilirliği (OMS), metabolik enerji (ME) ve net enerji laktasyon (NEL) düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Arpa çeşitlerinin nişasta, ham protein (HP), asit (ADF) ve nötr çözeltide (NDF) çözünmeyen lif içerikleri sırasıyla %50.37-53.17, %9.72-11.83, %5.38-8.52, %19.86-23.37 ve %1.23-2.95 arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gaz üretimi, metabolize edilebilir enerji (ME) ve net enerji laktasyon (NEL) ve organik made sindirimine (OMS) ait değerler de sırasıyla 42.23-46.51 mL 200 mg-1 kuru madde (KM), 7.74-8.44 ve 4.56-5.0697 MJ kg-1 KM ve %51.79-56.14 arasında değişmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda Larende, Beyşehir, Karatay-97 ve Ayrancı çeşidinin HP içeriği hariç, ADF, NDF ve asit çözeltide çözünmeyen lignin (ADL) içerikleri Kral-97 çeşidine göre daha düşük (P<0.001) bulunmuştur. Çeşitler arasında nişasta, GÜ ve NEL değerleri benzer bulunurken OMS ve ME düzeyi Larende çeşidinde Kral-97’den daha yüksek saptanmıştır (P<0.05). Bu sonuçlar, incelenen arpa çeşitlerinin geviş getiren hayvanların beslenmesinde başarılı bir şekilde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Abaş, İ., Özpınar, H., Kutay, H.C., Kahraman, R., 2005. Determination of the metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents of some feeds in the Marmara Region by in vitro gas technique. The Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29: 751-757.
  • Referans2 Aldemir, R., Karslı, M.A., 2012. Yaş şeker pancarı posası silajının arpa yerine kullanımının koyunlarda duodenuma geçen toplam protein üzerine etkisi: 1. Besin madde sindirimi ve mikrobiyal protein sentezi. Yüzüncü Yıl Ünivetsitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 (2): 89-98.
  • Referans3 Alijosius, S., Svirmickas, G.J., Kliseviciute, V., Gruzauskas, R., Sasyee, V., Raceviciute-Stupeliene, A., Dauksiene, A., Dailidaviviene, J., 2016. The chemical composition of dıfferent barley varieties grown in Lıthuanıa. Veterınarıja Ir Zootechnıka, 73 (95): 9-13.
  • Referans4 Alkan, R.A., Kandemir, N., 2015. Tokat yerel arpa çeşidi içinden seçilen saf hatların bazı gıda, yem ve tarımsal özellikler bakımından varyasyonları. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24 (2):124-139
  • Referans5 AOAC. 2006. Official methods of analysis. 18th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA:
  • Referans6 Biel, W., Jacyno, E., 2013. Chemical composition and nutritive value of spring hulled barley varieties. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19 (4): 721-727. Referans7 Elgün, A., Türker, S., Bilgiçli, N., 2001. Tahıl ve ürünlerinde analitik kalite kontrolü. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, Yayın No: 2, Konya
  • Referans8 Evers, T., Millar, S., 2002. Cereal grain structure and development: Some implications for quality. Journal of Cereal Science, 36: 261–284.
  • Referans9 Fant, P., Ramin, M., Jaakkola,, S., Grimberg A., Carlsson, A. S., Huhtane, P., 2020. Effects of different barley and oat varieties on methane production, digestibility, and fermentation pattern in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 103 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16995 (Articles in Press).
  • Referans10 Feedipedia, 2020. Animal feed resources information system. Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value. Available from URL: https://www.feedipedia.org/node/227 ( Erişim tarihi:. 01 Ocak 2020).
  • Referans11 Fox, G.P., 2010. Chemical composition in barley grains and malt quality. In: Zhang, G., Li.C. (Eds). Genetics and Improvement of Barley Malt Quality. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 64-99.
  • Referans12 Gomez, L.M., Posado, S.L., Olivera, M., 2016. Starch in ruminant diets: a review. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 29: 77-90
  • Referans13 Grimson, R. E., Weisenburger, R. D., Basarab, J. A., Stilborn, R. P., 1987. Effects of barley volume-weight and processing method on feedlot performance of finishing steers. Canadian. Journal of. Animal Science, 67(1): 43-53.
  • Referans14 Grove, A.V., Hepton, J., Pas, H.C.W., 2003. Composition and ruminal fermentability of barley grain, hulls, and straw as affected by irrigation level, planting date, and variety. The Professionaol Animal Scientist, 19(4); 273–280.
  • Referans15 Güney, M., 2019. Effect of grain processing at different barley varieties on nutrient composition, starch contents and in vitro digestion parameters. Progree in Nutrition, 21(3): 715-721.
  • Referans16 Hinman, D.D., Sorensen, S.J., Momont, P.A., 1995. Influence of barley bulk density and blended barley on the performance of beef cattle and diet digestibility. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science, 46: 443.
  • Referans17 Hoije, A., Grondahl, M., Tommeraas, K., Gatenholm, P., 2005. Isolation and characterization of physicochemical and material properties of arabinoxylans from barley husks. Carbohydrate Polymers, 61: 266–275.
  • Referans18 Holtekjolen, A.K., Uhlen, A.K., Brathen E., Sahlstrom, S., Knutsen S.H., 2006. Contents of starch and non-starch polysaccharides in barley varieties of different origin. Food Chemistry, 94: 348–358.
  • Referans19 İnal, F., Coşkun, B., Balevi, T., Umucalılar, H.D., Gülşen, N., Özkara, R., 2000. The determination of viscosity in barley and using possibilities of barleys, having different viscosity, supplemented with enzyme in layer diets. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 70: 1250-1254.
  • Referans20 Kendal, E., Doğan, Y., 2012. Bazı yazlık arpa genotiplerinin verim ve kalite yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(2): 77-84.
  • Referans21 Kılıç Ü,. Yurtseven, S., Boğa, M., Aydemir, S., 2015. Farklı toprak tuzluluk düzeylerinin bazı buğdaygil yem bitkilerinin in vitro gaz üretimi ve yem değerleri üzerine etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 3(1): 9-15.
  • Referans22 Kızılgeçi, F., Yıldırım, M., Akıncı, C., Albayrak, Ö., 2019. Arpada tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri üzerine genotip ve çevrenin etkileşimi. Kahraman Maraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(3): 346-353.
  • Referans23 Kowieska, A., Lubowicki, R., Jaskowska, I., 2011. Chemical composition and nutritional characteristics of several cereal grain. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica, 10 (2): 37–50.
  • Referans24 Lee, j., Nam, D.S., Kong, C., 2016. Variability in nutrient composition of cereal grains from different origins. Springer Plus, 419: 2-6.
  • Referans25 Mathison, G.W., Hironaka, R., Kerrigan, B.K., Vlach, I., Milligan, L.P., Weisenburger, D., 1991. Rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility and rate and efficiency of steer gain as influenced by barley grain volume-weight and processing method. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 71: 867.
  • Referans26 Mauricio, R., Owen, E., Mould, F.L., Givens, I., Teodorou, M.K., France, J., Davies, D.R., Dhanoa, M.S., 2001. Comparison of bovine rumen liquor and bovine faeces as inoculum for an in vitro gas production technique for evaluating forages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 89: 33-48.
  • Referans27 Menke, K.H., Steingass, H., 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development, 28: 7-55.
  • Referans28 Micek, P., Kowalski, Z.M., Borowiec, F., 2005. Effect of barley cultivar on the chemical composition and rumen degradability of dry matter, protein and starch. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 14(1): 279–28.2
  • Referans29 Newman, C.W., Newman, R.K., 1992. Nutritional aspects of barley seed structure and composition. In: Barley: Genetics, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (pp. 351–368). Shewry, P.R. (ed.). CAB International.
  • Referans30 Oral, E., Kendal, E., Doğan, Y., 2017. Bazı yazlık arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotiplerinin verim ve kalite yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Degisi, 7(1): 31-38.
  • Referans31 Reynolds, W.K., Hunt, C.W.J., Eckert, W., Hall, M.H., 1992. Evaluation of the feeding value of barley as affected by variety and location using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science, 43: 498.
  • Referans32 Rode, L.M., Beauchemin, K.A., 1995. Utilization of barley based diets for feedlot cattle. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science , 46:606−607.
  • Referans33 Sanford, B. J., Grove, A.V., Hunt, C.W., 2003. Evaluation of barley characteristics that are associated with digestible energy for beef cattle. The Professional Animal Scientist, 19: 281–285
  • Referans34 Sevim, B., Ayaşan, T., Ülger, İ., Ergul, Ş., Aykanat, S., Coşkun, A.M., 2016. Farklı maltlık arpa çeşitlerinin besin değerlerinin in vitro gaz üretim tekniği kullanılarak tespiti. Türk Tarım – Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5(10): 1216-1220.
  • Referans35 Steiner, E., Arendt, E.K., Gastl, M., Becker, T., 2011. Influence of the malting parameters on the haze formation of beer after filtration. European Food Research and Technology, 233(4): 587–597.
  • Referans36 Sterna, V., Zute, S., Jakobsone, I., 2015. Grain composition and functional ingredients of barley varieties created in Latvia. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 69: 158–162.
  • Referans37 Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi (TMO), 2018. Hububat sektör raporu. Available from URL: http://www.tmo.gov.tr (Erşim tarihi: 31 Aralık 2019).
  • Referans38 Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK), 2018. Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. Available from URL: http://www.tuik.gov.tr (Erşim tarihi: 31 Aralık 2019).
  • Referans39 Van, Soest P.J., Robertson, J.D., Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.
  • Referans 40 Zhao, Y.L., Yan, S.M., He, Z., Anele U.C, Swift M.L., A Mcallister, T., Yang, W., 2015. Effects of volume weight, processing method and processing index of barley grain on in situ digestibility of dry matter and starch in beef heifers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 199: 93-103.

Comparison of in vitro gas production, organic matter digestibility, metabolizable energy and nutrient contents of the some barley varieties

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1, 133 - 139, 14.02.2020
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.673760

Öz

This experiment was compare to determine the nutrient contents, gas production (GP), organic matter digestibility (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) levels of 5 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties (Karatay-94, Beyşehir, Ayrancı, Kral-97 ve Larende) grown in Turkey. The crude protein content (CP) of barley varieties ranged from 9.72 to 11.83%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 19.86 to 23.37%; acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 5.38 to 8.52% and acid detergent lignin (ADL) from 1.23 to 2.95%. Total gas production ranged from 42.23 to 46.51 mL 200 mg-1 DM, ME from 7.74 to 8.44 MJ kg-1 DM, NEL from 4.56 to 5.06, OMD from 51.79 to 56.14%. As a result of this research it has been determined that ADF, NDF and ADL contents of Larende, Beyşehir, Karatay-97 and Ayrancı were significantly lower than those of Kral-97 (P<0.001), except for CP;  starch, GP and NEL were similar among barley varieties. However, OMD and ME of Larende were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of Kral-97. These results showed that the studied barley varieties can be used successfully in the feeding of ruminant animals.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Abaş, İ., Özpınar, H., Kutay, H.C., Kahraman, R., 2005. Determination of the metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) contents of some feeds in the Marmara Region by in vitro gas technique. The Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 29: 751-757.
  • Referans2 Aldemir, R., Karslı, M.A., 2012. Yaş şeker pancarı posası silajının arpa yerine kullanımının koyunlarda duodenuma geçen toplam protein üzerine etkisi: 1. Besin madde sindirimi ve mikrobiyal protein sentezi. Yüzüncü Yıl Ünivetsitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 23 (2): 89-98.
  • Referans3 Alijosius, S., Svirmickas, G.J., Kliseviciute, V., Gruzauskas, R., Sasyee, V., Raceviciute-Stupeliene, A., Dauksiene, A., Dailidaviviene, J., 2016. The chemical composition of dıfferent barley varieties grown in Lıthuanıa. Veterınarıja Ir Zootechnıka, 73 (95): 9-13.
  • Referans4 Alkan, R.A., Kandemir, N., 2015. Tokat yerel arpa çeşidi içinden seçilen saf hatların bazı gıda, yem ve tarımsal özellikler bakımından varyasyonları. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24 (2):124-139
  • Referans5 AOAC. 2006. Official methods of analysis. 18th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC, USA:
  • Referans6 Biel, W., Jacyno, E., 2013. Chemical composition and nutritive value of spring hulled barley varieties. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19 (4): 721-727. Referans7 Elgün, A., Türker, S., Bilgiçli, N., 2001. Tahıl ve ürünlerinde analitik kalite kontrolü. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, Yayın No: 2, Konya
  • Referans8 Evers, T., Millar, S., 2002. Cereal grain structure and development: Some implications for quality. Journal of Cereal Science, 36: 261–284.
  • Referans9 Fant, P., Ramin, M., Jaakkola,, S., Grimberg A., Carlsson, A. S., Huhtane, P., 2020. Effects of different barley and oat varieties on methane production, digestibility, and fermentation pattern in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 103 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2019-16995 (Articles in Press).
  • Referans10 Feedipedia, 2020. Animal feed resources information system. Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value. Available from URL: https://www.feedipedia.org/node/227 ( Erişim tarihi:. 01 Ocak 2020).
  • Referans11 Fox, G.P., 2010. Chemical composition in barley grains and malt quality. In: Zhang, G., Li.C. (Eds). Genetics and Improvement of Barley Malt Quality. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 64-99.
  • Referans12 Gomez, L.M., Posado, S.L., Olivera, M., 2016. Starch in ruminant diets: a review. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, 29: 77-90
  • Referans13 Grimson, R. E., Weisenburger, R. D., Basarab, J. A., Stilborn, R. P., 1987. Effects of barley volume-weight and processing method on feedlot performance of finishing steers. Canadian. Journal of. Animal Science, 67(1): 43-53.
  • Referans14 Grove, A.V., Hepton, J., Pas, H.C.W., 2003. Composition and ruminal fermentability of barley grain, hulls, and straw as affected by irrigation level, planting date, and variety. The Professionaol Animal Scientist, 19(4); 273–280.
  • Referans15 Güney, M., 2019. Effect of grain processing at different barley varieties on nutrient composition, starch contents and in vitro digestion parameters. Progree in Nutrition, 21(3): 715-721.
  • Referans16 Hinman, D.D., Sorensen, S.J., Momont, P.A., 1995. Influence of barley bulk density and blended barley on the performance of beef cattle and diet digestibility. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science, 46: 443.
  • Referans17 Hoije, A., Grondahl, M., Tommeraas, K., Gatenholm, P., 2005. Isolation and characterization of physicochemical and material properties of arabinoxylans from barley husks. Carbohydrate Polymers, 61: 266–275.
  • Referans18 Holtekjolen, A.K., Uhlen, A.K., Brathen E., Sahlstrom, S., Knutsen S.H., 2006. Contents of starch and non-starch polysaccharides in barley varieties of different origin. Food Chemistry, 94: 348–358.
  • Referans19 İnal, F., Coşkun, B., Balevi, T., Umucalılar, H.D., Gülşen, N., Özkara, R., 2000. The determination of viscosity in barley and using possibilities of barleys, having different viscosity, supplemented with enzyme in layer diets. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 70: 1250-1254.
  • Referans20 Kendal, E., Doğan, Y., 2012. Bazı yazlık arpa genotiplerinin verim ve kalite yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(2): 77-84.
  • Referans21 Kılıç Ü,. Yurtseven, S., Boğa, M., Aydemir, S., 2015. Farklı toprak tuzluluk düzeylerinin bazı buğdaygil yem bitkilerinin in vitro gaz üretimi ve yem değerleri üzerine etkisi. Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi, 3(1): 9-15.
  • Referans22 Kızılgeçi, F., Yıldırım, M., Akıncı, C., Albayrak, Ö., 2019. Arpada tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri üzerine genotip ve çevrenin etkileşimi. Kahraman Maraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(3): 346-353.
  • Referans23 Kowieska, A., Lubowicki, R., Jaskowska, I., 2011. Chemical composition and nutritional characteristics of several cereal grain. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica, 10 (2): 37–50.
  • Referans24 Lee, j., Nam, D.S., Kong, C., 2016. Variability in nutrient composition of cereal grains from different origins. Springer Plus, 419: 2-6.
  • Referans25 Mathison, G.W., Hironaka, R., Kerrigan, B.K., Vlach, I., Milligan, L.P., Weisenburger, D., 1991. Rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility and rate and efficiency of steer gain as influenced by barley grain volume-weight and processing method. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 71: 867.
  • Referans26 Mauricio, R., Owen, E., Mould, F.L., Givens, I., Teodorou, M.K., France, J., Davies, D.R., Dhanoa, M.S., 2001. Comparison of bovine rumen liquor and bovine faeces as inoculum for an in vitro gas production technique for evaluating forages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 89: 33-48.
  • Referans27 Menke, K.H., Steingass, H., 1988. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development, 28: 7-55.
  • Referans28 Micek, P., Kowalski, Z.M., Borowiec, F., 2005. Effect of barley cultivar on the chemical composition and rumen degradability of dry matter, protein and starch. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 14(1): 279–28.2
  • Referans29 Newman, C.W., Newman, R.K., 1992. Nutritional aspects of barley seed structure and composition. In: Barley: Genetics, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (pp. 351–368). Shewry, P.R. (ed.). CAB International.
  • Referans30 Oral, E., Kendal, E., Doğan, Y., 2017. Bazı yazlık arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotiplerinin verim ve kalite yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Degisi, 7(1): 31-38.
  • Referans31 Reynolds, W.K., Hunt, C.W.J., Eckert, W., Hall, M.H., 1992. Evaluation of the feeding value of barley as affected by variety and location using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science, 43: 498.
  • Referans32 Rode, L.M., Beauchemin, K.A., 1995. Utilization of barley based diets for feedlot cattle. Proceedings, Western Section, American Society of Animal Science , 46:606−607.
  • Referans33 Sanford, B. J., Grove, A.V., Hunt, C.W., 2003. Evaluation of barley characteristics that are associated with digestible energy for beef cattle. The Professional Animal Scientist, 19: 281–285
  • Referans34 Sevim, B., Ayaşan, T., Ülger, İ., Ergul, Ş., Aykanat, S., Coşkun, A.M., 2016. Farklı maltlık arpa çeşitlerinin besin değerlerinin in vitro gaz üretim tekniği kullanılarak tespiti. Türk Tarım – Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5(10): 1216-1220.
  • Referans35 Steiner, E., Arendt, E.K., Gastl, M., Becker, T., 2011. Influence of the malting parameters on the haze formation of beer after filtration. European Food Research and Technology, 233(4): 587–597.
  • Referans36 Sterna, V., Zute, S., Jakobsone, I., 2015. Grain composition and functional ingredients of barley varieties created in Latvia. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 69: 158–162.
  • Referans37 Toprak Mahsulleri Ofisi (TMO), 2018. Hububat sektör raporu. Available from URL: http://www.tmo.gov.tr (Erşim tarihi: 31 Aralık 2019).
  • Referans38 Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK), 2018. Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. Available from URL: http://www.tuik.gov.tr (Erşim tarihi: 31 Aralık 2019).
  • Referans39 Van, Soest P.J., Robertson, J.D., Lewis, B.A., 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.
  • Referans 40 Zhao, Y.L., Yan, S.M., He, Z., Anele U.C, Swift M.L., A Mcallister, T., Yang, W., 2015. Effects of volume weight, processing method and processing index of barley grain on in situ digestibility of dry matter and starch in beef heifers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 199: 93-103.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
Yazarlar

Habip Muruz

Cansu Çelik 0000-0002-4682-4617

Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Şubat 2020
Kabul Tarihi 10 Şubat 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 35 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Muruz, H., & Çelik, C. (2020). Bazı arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) çeşitlerinin in vitro gaz üretimi, organik madde sindirilebilirliği, besin maddeleri içerikleri ve enerji değerlerinin karşılaştırılması. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 35(1), 133-139. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.673760
Online ISSN: 1308-8769