Assessments of the productivity and profitability of diverse crops and cropping systems as influenced by conservation agriculture practices under a semi-arid rainfed environment of western India

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 3, 469 - 482, 14.10.2020

Lal Prasad Amgaın

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.715749

Öz

2010-11 ve 2011-12 yağmurlu ve kış mevsimlerinde Hindistan'ın Yeni Delhi kentinde koruma altındaki yağmurla beslenen yarı kurak bir ortamda çeşitli mahsullerin ve mahsul sistemlerinin ve kalıntı tutulmasının etkilerini değerlendirmek için arazi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. dokuz çift kırpma sisteminin sistem verimliliği ve karlılığı. Pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), Küme fasulyesi (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) ve greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek), kalıntı bırakmadan, mahsul artıkları altında ve Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) dallarında yetiştirildi. 2010 ve 2011 kış aylarında buğday (Triticum aestivum L.), nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) ve hardal (Brassica juncea L.) 2010-11 kışında ve 2011-12 yaz mahsullerinden sonra yetiştirilmiştir. Dört tekrarlı Randomize Tam Blok, Şerit ve Strip-plot tasarımları, farklı kalıntı yönetimi uygulamalarıyla dokuz yağmurla beslenen mahsul sisteminden gelen verileri analiz etmek için takip edildi. Leucaena dallarının altında buğday ve nohuttan sonra salkım fasulyesi ile önemli ölçüde daha yüksek (p ≤ 0.05) inci kılı eşdeğeri verim elde edildi, ardından inci kılıcı veya yeşilgramdan tortu tutuldu. Salkımdan sonra Leucaena dallarında hardal ile önemli ölçüde daha yüksek (p ≤ 0.05) buğday eşdeğer verimi (2010-11'de 4.15 t ha-1 ve 2011-12'de 3.77 t ha-1) elde edildi. Sistem karlılığı (net getiri ve B: C oranı), Leucaena dallı küme fasulyesi-hardal ve küme fasulyesi-buğday sistemlerinde daha yüksekti. Kuzeybatı Hindistan'ın yarı kurak ortamlarında Leucaena dallı küme fasulyesi-hardal, yeşilgram-buğday ve inci kılıcı-nohut sistemlerinin, sıfır işlenmiş yağmur suyu koşullarında en faydalı sistemler olduğu öne sürülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

koruyucu toprak işleme, verimlilik, karlılık, kalıntı tutma

Assessments of the productivity and profitability of diverse crops and cropping systems as influenced by conservation agriculture practices under a semi-arid rainfed environment of western India

Öz

Field studies were conducted under a conservation-tilled rainfed semi-arid environment in New Delhi, India, during the rainy- and winter-seasons of 2010-11 and 2011-12 to assess the effects of diverse crops and cropping systems and residue retention on system productivity and profitability of nine double-cropping systems. Pearlmillet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) and greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) were grown under no-residue, crop residues, and Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) twigs during the rainy season in 2010 and 2011. Subsequently, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), and mustard (Brassica juncea L.) were grown during winter of 2010-11 and 2011-12 after summer crops. Randomized Complete Block, Strip and Strip-plot designs with four replications were followed to analyze the data from the nine rainfed cropping systems with different residue management practices. Significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) pearlmillet-equivalent yield was obtained with clusterbean after wheat and chickpea under Leucaena twigs, followed by residue retention than pearlmillet or greengram. Significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) wheat-equivalent yield (4.15 t ha-1 in 2010-11, and 3.77 t ha-1 in 2011-12) was obtained with mustard under Leucaena twigs after clusterbean. The system profitability (net returns and B: C ratio) were higher under clusterbean–mustard and clusterbean–wheat systems with Leucaena twigs. It is suggested that the clusterbean–mustard, greengram–wheat and pearlmillet–chickpea systems with Leucaena twigs were the most beneficial systems under zero-tilled rainfed conditions in the semi-arid environments of north-western India.

Anahtar Kelimeler

conservation tilage, productivity, profitability, rainfed crops and cropping systems, residueretention

Kaynakça

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