Bibliyoterapi Temelli Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Psiko-Eğitim Programı: Karma Desenli Bir Uygulama

Öz

Bu makalenin temel amacı, bibliyoterapi tekniğine dayalı olarak yapılandırılan manevi danışmanlık ve rehberlik psiko-eğitim programının, üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeylerine etkisini çok boyutlu olarak incelemektir. Çalışma, karma yöntem desenine göre planlanmış ve hem nicel hem de nitel veri toplama tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Nicel araştırma aşamasında Balıkesir Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan 44 öğrenci deney (n = 22) ve kontrol (n = 22) gruplarına rastgele atanmıştır. Deney grubuna 12 oturumdan oluşan, tematik olarak tasarlanmış manevi danışmanlık ve rehberlik psiko-eğitim programı uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler Beck Kaygı Ölçeği, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği ve Yaşamı Sürdürme Nedenleri Ölçeği aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Bu veriler, parametrik olmayan istatistiksel analiz teknikleri olan Wilcoxon ve Mann-Whitney U testleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Nitel boyutta ise NVivo 2020 yazılımı aracılığıyla yapılan analizlerde oturum gözlemleri, katılımcıların yansıtıcı ifadeleri ve içerik çözümlemeleri dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, deney grubundaki üniversite öğrencilerinin kaygı, depresyon ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve terapötik açıdan kayda değer düşüşler yaşadığını ortaya koymuştur. Yaşamı sürdürme nedenlerine ilişkin puanlardaki anlamlı artış, bireylerin yaşamla kurdukları psikolojik bağın güçlendiğini, varoluşsal düzeyde bir dayanıklılık geliştirdiklerini göstermektedir. Nitel bulgular ise katılımcıların içsel farkındalıklarında derinleşme, manevi yönelimlerinde anlam kazanımı, duygusal düzenleme yetilerinde gelişim ve toplumsal sorumluluk bilincinde artış yaşadıklarını yansıtmaktadır. Bu bulgular, bireylerin semptomatik düzeyin ötesinde bilişsel, duygusal ve spiritüel katmanlarda dönüşüm yaşadığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, bibliyoterapi temelli manevi danışmanlık ve rehberlik psiko-eğitim programı, üniversite gençliğinin psikolojik sağlamlığını çok boyutlu biçimde destekleyen ve içsel denge ile toplumsal uyumu artıran etkili bir müdahale uygulaması olarak öne çıkmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Din Psikolojisi
• Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik
• Bibliyoterapi
• Psiko-Eğitim Programı
• Psikolojik Sağlamlık

Bibliotherapy-Based Spiritual Counseling and Care Psycho-Educational Program: A Mixed-Methods Study

Öz

The primary aim of this article is to examine, in a multidimensional manner, the effects of a psycho-educational program structured on the basis of bibliotherapy techniques within the framework of spiritual counseling and care on the psychological resilience levels of university students. The study was designed according to a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. In the quantitative phase, 44 students enrolled at Balıkesir University were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups. The experimental group participated in a twelve-session, thematically structured psycho-educational program based on spiritual counseling and care. Data were collected through the Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Reasons for Living Inventory. These data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical techniques, specifically the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test. In the qualitative phase, analyses were conducted through NVivo 2020 software, incorporating session observations, reflective participant statements, and thematic content analyses. The results revealed that the experimental group experienced statistically significant and therapeutically meaningful reductions in anxiety, depression, and hopelessness levels. The significant increase in scores related to reasons for living indicated that participants strengthened their psychological bond with life and developed resilience at an existential level. Qualitative findings reflected that participants experienced deepening of inner awareness, meaning-making in spiritual orientation, improvement in emotional regulation skills, and enhancement of social responsibility consciousness. These results demonstrate that individuals underwent transformation not only at a symptomatic level but also across cognitive, emotional, and spiritual domains. In conclusion, the bibliotherapy-based spiritual counseling and care psycho-educational program emerges as an effective intervention that supports the psychological resilience of university youth in a multidimensional way, while fostering inner balance and social harmony.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psychology of Religion
• Spiritual Counseling and Care
• Bibliotherapy
• Psycho-Educational Program
• Psychological Resilience

Kaynakça

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