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Challenges For Islamic Banking Industry: The Kyrgyz Republic Experience

Yıl 2021, , 713 - 730, 24.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.17120/omuifd.901846

Öz

Although the vast majority of people in Kyrgyzstan are Sunni Muslims, Islamic banking have only 1,5 % of the total market share of the bank sector. The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic (NBKR) is the main state regulator that is responsible for strategic actions regarding the introduction and development of the Islamic banking industry in the country. In 2017 NBKR issued a strategic document for the period 2018-2021 whereby, it was defined a targeted indicator for Islamic banking industry development: the share of Islamic banking should grow total Kyrgyz banking system assets to 5% by 2021 from the current 1.5 %. With this goal, the state regulator is perhaps acting prematurely because, despite the Muslim majority in the country and the fact that Kyrgyzstan was among the first in the post-Soviet territory to introduce Islamic banking in the early 2000s, it is still faced with a long list of tasks ahead that need to be overcome before it can achieve this target. In this research, the development and the experience of Islamic banking in Kyrgyzstan is briefly explained. The purpose of this paper is to outline the changes which have occurred thus far in the Kyrgyz Islamic banking industry as well as to identify the current challenges and propose solutions and recommendations.

Kaynakça

  • Bekkin, Renat. “Islamic Finance in the Former Soviet Union”, Discussion paper of the Institute of Developing Economies (2009), 179-209.
  • De Cordier, Bruno. “The Development Space(s) of non-OECD Aid Donors in Southern Eurasia: a Look at the Islamic Development Bank.” Central Asia Economic Papers. Washington, DC, George Washington University. Elliott School of International Affairs. Central Asia Programme No. 3 (2012), 1-8.
  • EkoIslamikBank, “Pilot project”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://eib.kg/static/epilot.html
  • Gresh, Geoffrey F. “The Rise of Islamic Banking and Finance in Central Asia,” The Fletcher School Online Journal for issues related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization, Al Nakhlah, (2007), 1-11
  • NBKR, “Bulletin of the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic,2008-2017”, Access Date: March 23th, 2021, https://www.nbkr.kg/index1.jsp?item=137&lang= ENG
  • NBKR, “The Main Directions of the Development of the Banking System Kyrgyz Republic for 2018-2021”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://www.nbkr.kg/contout.jsp?item=1436&lang=RUS&material=90251
  • Vela, Justin. “Kyrgyzstan: Islamic Banking Offers Alternative to the “European System”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstan-islamic-banking-offers-alternative-to-the-european-system
  • Wolters, Alexander. “Islamic Finance in the States of Central Asia: Strategies, Institutions”, First Experiences, Private Hochschule Gottingen, Forschungspapiere Research Papers 2013/01 (2013), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00304003
  • Мешкова, Елена. “О перспективах исламского банкинга в Кыргызстане”, Cлово Кыргызстана, (Бишкек: Учкун, 2016), 1-6.
  • International Finance Corporation (IFC), “Islamic Banking and Finance. Opportunities across Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Kyrgyz Republic”, (Bishkek: International Finance Corporation, 2016), 1-56.
  • Elryah, Yagoub. “Drivers’ Growth of Islamic Banking Industry: Lesson from Malaysia. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 1/4 (2014), 122-128. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v1i4.10626
  • Aseinov, Dastan – Karymshakov, Kamalbek. “Development of the Banking System in Kyrgyzstan: An Historical Review and Current Challenges”, Sosyoekonomi, 26/38 (2018), 72-86. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2018.04.05
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Decree № 373 “on the implementation of principles of Islamic finance in the Kyrgyz Republic within the framework of the pilot project”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/4508/20?cl=ru-ru
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Regulation “on taxation and accounting of operations carried out based on Islamic principles of financing in the Kyrgyz Republic as part of a pilot project in the open joint-stock company EcoBank and the procedure for paying non-tax payments”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/58312
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Decree № 146 “on further measures for the introduction of the Islamic financial services industry in the Kyrgyz Republic, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/4732?cl=ru-ru
  • NBKR, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, www.nbkr.kg

İslami Bankacılık Sektörünün Zorlukları: Kırgız Cumhuriyeti Deneyimi

Yıl 2021, , 713 - 730, 24.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.17120/omuifd.901846

Öz

Kırgızistan'da yaşayan insanların büyük çoğunluğu Sünni Müslümanlar olmasına rağmen, İslâmî bankacılık alanında, banka sektörünün toplam pazar payının yalnızca % 1,5'ine sahiptir. Kırgız Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası (NBKR), ülkede İslami bankacılık sektörünün tanıtılması ve geliştirilmesi ile ilgili stratejik eylemlerden sorumlu düzenleyicisidir. 2017 yılında NBKR, 2018-2021 dönemi için stratejik bir belge yayınladı ve burada İslami bankacılık sektörünün gelişimi için hedeflenen bir gösterge tanımlandı: İslami bankacılığın toplam Kırgız bankacılık sistemi varlıklarının payı, mevcut % 1,5'ten 2021 yılına kadar % 5'e çıkarılması gerekiyordu. Bu amaçla, Merkez bankası belki de vaktinden önce hareket ediyordur. Çünkü ülkedeki Müslüman çoğunluğa ve Kırgızistan'ın 2000'lerin başında İslami bankacılığı uygulamaya koyan ilk Sovyet etki alanlarından biri olmasına rağmen, hala bir hedefe ulaşamadı. İstenen duruma gelinmesi için yapılması gerekli olan bir çok faaliyetin var olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bu araştırmada Kırgızistan'da İslamî bankacılığın gelişimi ve deneyimi kısaca anlatılmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı, Kırgız İslami bankacılık endüstrisinde şimdiye kadar meydana gelen değişikliklerin ana hatlarını çizmek, mevcut zorlukları belirlemek ve çözümler ve öneriler önermektir.

Kaynakça

  • Bekkin, Renat. “Islamic Finance in the Former Soviet Union”, Discussion paper of the Institute of Developing Economies (2009), 179-209.
  • De Cordier, Bruno. “The Development Space(s) of non-OECD Aid Donors in Southern Eurasia: a Look at the Islamic Development Bank.” Central Asia Economic Papers. Washington, DC, George Washington University. Elliott School of International Affairs. Central Asia Programme No. 3 (2012), 1-8.
  • EkoIslamikBank, “Pilot project”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://eib.kg/static/epilot.html
  • Gresh, Geoffrey F. “The Rise of Islamic Banking and Finance in Central Asia,” The Fletcher School Online Journal for issues related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization, Al Nakhlah, (2007), 1-11
  • NBKR, “Bulletin of the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic,2008-2017”, Access Date: March 23th, 2021, https://www.nbkr.kg/index1.jsp?item=137&lang= ENG
  • NBKR, “The Main Directions of the Development of the Banking System Kyrgyz Republic for 2018-2021”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://www.nbkr.kg/contout.jsp?item=1436&lang=RUS&material=90251
  • Vela, Justin. “Kyrgyzstan: Islamic Banking Offers Alternative to the “European System”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, https://eurasianet.org/kyrgyzstan-islamic-banking-offers-alternative-to-the-european-system
  • Wolters, Alexander. “Islamic Finance in the States of Central Asia: Strategies, Institutions”, First Experiences, Private Hochschule Gottingen, Forschungspapiere Research Papers 2013/01 (2013), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1163/22142290-00304003
  • Мешкова, Елена. “О перспективах исламского банкинга в Кыргызстане”, Cлово Кыргызстана, (Бишкек: Учкун, 2016), 1-6.
  • International Finance Corporation (IFC), “Islamic Banking and Finance. Opportunities across Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Kyrgyz Republic”, (Bishkek: International Finance Corporation, 2016), 1-56.
  • Elryah, Yagoub. “Drivers’ Growth of Islamic Banking Industry: Lesson from Malaysia. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management, 1/4 (2014), 122-128. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v1i4.10626
  • Aseinov, Dastan – Karymshakov, Kamalbek. “Development of the Banking System in Kyrgyzstan: An Historical Review and Current Challenges”, Sosyoekonomi, 26/38 (2018), 72-86. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2018.04.05
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Decree № 373 “on the implementation of principles of Islamic finance in the Kyrgyz Republic within the framework of the pilot project”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/4508/20?cl=ru-ru
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Regulation “on taxation and accounting of operations carried out based on Islamic principles of financing in the Kyrgyz Republic as part of a pilot project in the open joint-stock company EcoBank and the procedure for paying non-tax payments”, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/58312
  • Ministry of Justice of the Kyrgyz Republic, Decree № 146 “on further measures for the introduction of the Islamic financial services industry in the Kyrgyz Republic, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, http://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/act/view/ru-ru/4732?cl=ru-ru
  • NBKR, Access Date: March 22th, 2021, www.nbkr.kg
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Abdurashid Zhoraev 0000-0001-8239-5656

Ali Yüksek 0000-0003-4817-2576

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Zhoraev, Abdurashid - Yüksek, Ali. “Challenges For Islamic Banking Industry: The Kyrgyz Republic Experience”. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 50 (Haziran 2021), 713-730. https://doi.org/10.17120/omuifd.901846.