Sporcu ve Sedanter Bireylerde Wingate Anaerobik Güç Testi Performansının Beş Saniyelik Segmentler Ekseninde İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın ana amacı; sporcu ve sedanter bireylerde Wingate anaerobik güç testi (WAnT) performansının beş saniyelik segmentler ekseninde incelenmesidir. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı ise fiziksel özellikler ile WAnT performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmaya iyi antrene durumdaki 13 erkek sporcu (Ort. yaş: 23,31 ± 2,06 yıl) ve 13 sağlıklı sedanter (Ort. yaş: 22,84 ± 1,99 yıl) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Öncelikle katılımcıların demografik ve antropometrik ölçüm aşaması tamamlanmıştır. Daha sonra katılımcılar, tek seanslık laboratuvar ölçümünde bir bisiklet ergometresi (Monark Wingate Ergometer model 834E) aracılığıyla 30 saniyelik WAnT (WAnT-30) protokolünü tamamlamıştır. Test yükü, vücut ağırlığının %7,5’i olarak belirlenmiştir. Test sonucunda ergometre yazılımından elde edilen WAnT-30 zirve güç (ZG) ve toplam altı segmentten oluşan beş saniyelik ortalama güç (OG) çıktıları kaydedilmiştir. Sporcular, WAnT-30 ZG ve tüm beş saniyelik segmentlere ait OG çıktılarında sedanterlere göre daha yüksek değerlere sahipti (p<0,001). Sporcularda WAnT-30 ZG değeri ile tüm beş saniyelik OG çıktıları arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu belirlenirken (p<0,05; r = 0,594- 0,970), sedanterlerde ise bu ilişki 3. segmentten sonra kaybolmuştur. Basit doğrusal regresyon sonuçlarına göre sporcularda boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı, WAnT-30 performansının en iyi belirteçleri olarak tespit edilmiştir (R2 = 0,362- 0,689 ve R2 = 0,457- 0,590 sırasıyla). Sonuç olarak, sporcuların WAnT-30’a ait tüm segmentlerde sedanter bireylere göre daha yüksek güç çıktısına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sporcularda tam eforlu bir anaerobik performansın fiziksel özelliklerden etkilenebileceği görülmüştür. Sonraki çalışmalarda spesifik spor dallarından katılımcılarda farklı segment aralıkları kullanılarak anaerobik performansın gelişmiş bir değerlendirmesi yapılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobik Güç
• Antropometri
• Bisiklet Ergometresi
• Supramaksimal Egzersiz
• Zirve Güç

Examination of the Wingate Anaerobic Power Test Performance in Athletes and Sedentary Individuals Within the Scope of Five-Second Segments

Öz

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) performance in athletes and sedentary individuals, within the scope of five-second segments. A second goal was to explore the relationship between physical characteristics and WAnT performance. Thirteen well-trained male athletes (23.31 ± 2.06 years) and 13 sex-matched healthy sedentary individuals (22.84 ± 1.99 years) volunteered. Participants first completed demographic and anthropometric measurements. They then attended a laboratory session to perform the 30-second WAnT (WAnT-30) on a cycle ergometer (Monark Wingate Ergometer model 834E). The test load was adjusted to 7.5% of the body mass. The peak power (PP) related to WAnT-30 and mean power (MP) outputs of each five-second segment were collected using the ergometer software after performing the test. WAnT-30 PP and all five-second segment MP outputs were higher in the athletes compared to the sedentary individuals (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between WAnT-30 PP and each five-second segment of MP outputs in athletes (p < 0.05; r = 0.594 – 0.970), but this correlation was not observed after the 3rd segment in the sedentary individuals. Body height and body weight were identified as the best predictor variables for WAnT-30 performance in the simple regression model (R2 = 0.362 - 0.689 and R2 = 0.457 - 0.590 respectively). These findings indicated that athletes had higher power outputs than sedentary individuals across all segments of WAnT-30. Additionally, it was revealed that an all-out anaerobic test performance could be affected by physical characteristics in athletes. Future research should include different segment intervals in participants from specific sports to better evaluate anaerobic performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobic power
• Anthropometry
• Cycle Ergometer
• Peak Power
• Supramaximal Exercise

Kaynakça

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