Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi

Zehra Kargın; Mekki Abdioğlu; Hakkı Mor; Selim Okur; Erkal Arslanoğlu; Ahmet Mor

doi:10.17155/omuspd.1423138

EN TR

The Effect of Combined Glutamine and Creatine Consumption on Functional Threshold Power in Cyclists

Öz

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of the combined consumption of glutamine and creatine on the performance of cyclists. Eight licensed, active, and trained male cyclists (age: 25.85 ± 9.75 years; height: 174.71 ± 5.18 cm; body weight: 69.81 ± 7.16 kg; body mass index (BMI): 22.95 ± 2.97 kg/m2; sports age: 5.28 ± 2.28 years) voluntarily participated in this study. In a randomized, single-blind, and cross-over design, the cyclists were randomly divided into 2 groups and performed the functional threshold power (FTP) test by taking glutamine&creatine (SUP) or placebo (PLA) at a 48-hour interval. The Borg Scale, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) were utilized at the end of the tests. Between-group comparisons were analyzed with paired sample t-tests. Cohen’s d formula was applied to calculate the effect size. No statistical significance was found in heart rate (HR), cadence, FTP (average power, W, W/kg), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and VAS values (p>0.05). Also, while there was a small effect size in cadence (0.34) and a large effect size in VAS (0.83) in favor of the SUP group, a medium effect size (0.61) was observed in RPE in favor of the PLA group. In GSRS results, no significant difference was observed between the groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, it was determined that glutamine&creatine coingestion had no acute effect on functional threshold power (FTP) and performance. However, it can be said that glutamine & creatine consumption has a positive effect on muscle pain.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergogenic Aid, Functional Threshold Power, Glutamine, Creatine, Sports Nutrition

Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı glutamin ve kreatin kombine tüketiminin bisikletçilerin performansına akut etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmaya lisanslı, aktif ve antrenmanlı 8 erkek bisikletçi (yaş: 25,85 ± 9,75 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 174,71 ± 5,18 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 69,81 ± 7,16 kg; beden kütle indeksi (BKİ): 22,95 ± 2,97 kg/m2; sporcu yaşı: 5,28 ± 2,28) gönüllü olarak katıldı. Randomize, tek kör ve çapraz döngü çalışmada, bisikletçiler rastgele 2 gruba ayrıldı ve 48 saat ara ile glutamin&kreatin (SUP) veya plasebo (PLA) alarak fonksiyonel eşik güç (FTP) testini uyguladı. Testlerin ardından Borg Skalası, Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) ve Gastrointestinal Semptom Derecelendirme Ölçeği (GSDÖ) uygulandı. Gruplar arası karşılaştırma bağımlı örneklem t-test ile analiz edildi. Ayrıca etki büyüklüğünün hesaplanması için Cohen’s d formülü uygulandı. Testler sonucunda kalp atım hızı (KAH), kadans, FTP (ortalama güç, W, W/kg), algılanan zorluk derecesi (AZD) ve GAS değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0,05). Ayrıca, SUP grubu lehine kadans değerlerinde düşük (0,34) ve GAS değerlerinde yüksek etki büyüklüğü (0,83) bulunurken, AZD değerlerinde PLA grubu lehine orta etki büyüklüğü (0,61) tespit edildi. GSDÖ bulgularında gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark olmadığı tespit edildi (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızda glutamin&kreatin kombine tüketiminin fonksiyonel eşik güç (FTP) ve performans üzerine akut etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, glutamin&kreatin tüketiminin kas ağrılarına olumlu etki ettiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergojenik Destek, Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç, Glutamin, Kreatin, Sporcu Beslenmesi

Kaynakça

Ahmadi, A. R., Rayyani, E., Bahreini, M., & Mansoori, A. (2019). The effect of glutamine supplementation on athletic performance, body composition, and immune function: A systematic review and a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Clinical Nutrition, 38(3), 1076-1091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.001
Albersnagel, F. A. (1988). Velten and music mood induction procedures: A comparision with accessibility of thought associations. Behavioral Research and Therapy, 26, 7996. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(88)90035-6
Aydın, A., Araz, A., & Asan, A. (2011). Görsel analog ölçeği ve duygu kafesi: Kültürümüze uyarlama çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 14(27), 1.
Bassit, R. A., Pinheiro, C. H., Vitzel, K. F., Sproesser, A. J., Silveira, L. R., & Curi, R. (2010). Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on markers of skeletal muscle damage after strenuous contractile activity. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(5), 945-955. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1305-1
Borg, G. (1982). Psychophysical basis of perceived exertion. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 14(5):377-381.
Bowtell, J. L., Gelly, K., Jackman, M., Patel, A., Simeoni, M., & Rennie, M. (1999). Effect of oral glutamine on whole body carbohydrate storage during recovery from exhaustive exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(6), 1770-1777. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1770
Burke, R., Piñero, A., Coleman, M., Mohan, A., Sapuppo, M., Augustin, F., ... & Schoenfeld, B. J. (2023). The effects of creatine supplementation combined with resistance training on regional measures of muscle hypertrophy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Nutrients, 15(9), 2116. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092116
Candow, D. G., Chilibeck, P. D., Burke, D. G., Davison, K. S., & Smith-Palmer, T. (2001). Effect of glutamine supplementation combined with resistance training in young adults. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 86(2), 142-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-001-0523-y
Caris, A. V., & Thomatieli-Santos, R. V. (2020). Carbohydrate and glutamine supplementation attenuates the increase in rating of perceived exertion during intense exercise in hypoxia similar to 4200 m. Nutrients, 12(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123797
Cengiz, M., Uysal, B. B., Ikitimur, H., Ozcan, E., Islamoğlu, M. S., Aktepe, E., Yavuzer, E. & Yavuzer, S. (2020). Effect of oral l-glutamine supplementation on Covid-19 treatment. Clinical Nutrition Experimental, 33, 24-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yclnex.2020.07.003

Clayton, Z. S., Braden, B., & Kern, M. (2020). The effect of post-exercise oral glutamine supplementation on a subsequent cycling time to exhaustion test: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology, 9(7), 6-12.
Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98-101.
Cooke, M. B., Rybalka, E., Williams, A. D., Cribb, P. J., & Hayes, A. (2009). Creatine supplementation enhances muscle force recovery after eccentrically-induced muscle damage in healthy individuals. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6, 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-6-13.
Cooper, R., Naclerio, F., Allgrove, J., & Jimenez, A. (2012). Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance: an update. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 9(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-33.
Coqueiro, A. Y., Rogero, M. M., & Tirapegui, J. (2019). Glutamine as an anti-fatigue amino acid in sports nutrition. Nutrients, 11(4), 863. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040863
Córdova-Martínez, A., Caballero-García, A., Bello, H. J., Pérez-Valdecantos, D., & Roche, E. (2021). Effect of glutamine supplementation on muscular damage biomarkers in professional basketball players. Nutrients, 13(6), 2073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13062073
Creer, A. R., Ricard, M. D., Conlee, R. K., Hoyt, G. L., & Parcell, A. C. (2004). Neural, metabolic, and performance adaptations to four weeks of high intensity sprint-interval training in trained cyclists. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(02), 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-819945
Crisafulli, D. L., Buddhadev, H. H., Brilla, L. R., Chalmers, G. R., Suprak, D. N., & San Juan, J. G. (2018). Creatine-electrolyte supplementation improves repeated sprint cycling performance: A double blind randomized control study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-018-0226-y
Curi, R., Lagranha, C. J., Doi, S. Q., Sellitti, D. F., Procópio, J., Pithon‐Curi, T. C., ... & Newsholme, P. (2005). Molecular mechanisms of glutamine action. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 204(2), 392-401. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.20339
Da Silveira, C. L., de Souza, T. S. P., Batista, G. R., de Araújo, A. T., da Silva, J. C. G., de Sousa, M. D. S. C., ... & Garrido, N. D. (2014). Is long term creatine and glutamine supplementation effective in enhancing physical performance of military police officers?. Journal of Human Kinetics, 43(1), 131-138.
Denham, J., Scott-Hamilton, J., Hagstrom, A. D., & Gray, A. J. (2020). Cycling power outputs predict functional threshold power and maximum oxygen uptake. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(12), 3489-3497. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002253
Fernández-Landa, J., Santibañez-Gutierrez, A., Todorovic, N., Stajer, V., & Ostojic, S. M. (2023). Effects of creatine monohydrate on endurance performance in a trained population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 53(5), 1017-1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01823-2
Gordon, A. N., Moore, S. R., Patterson, N. D., Hostetter, M. E., Cabre, H. E., Hirsch, K. R., ... & Smith-Ryan, A. E. (2023). The effects of creatine monohydrate loading on exercise recovery in active women throughout the menstrual cycle. Nutrients, 15(16), 3567. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163567
Häussinger, D., & Lang, F. (1991). Cell volume in the regulation of hepatic function: a mechanism for metabolic control. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Reviews on Biomembranes, 1071(4), 331-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4157(91)90001-D
Häussinger, D., Gerok, W., Roth, E., & Lang, F. (1993). Cellular hydration state: an important determinant of protein catabolism in health and disease. The Lancet, 341(8856), 1330-1332. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-736(93)90828-5
Hausswirth C, Argentin S, Bieuzen F, Le Meur Y, Couturier A, Brisswalter J. (2010). Endurance and strength training effects on physiological and muscular parameters during prolonged cycling. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 20(2):330-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.04.008
Hultman, E., Soderlund, K., Timmons, J. A., Cederblad, G., & Greenhaff, P. L. (1996). Muscle creatine loading in men. Journal of Applied Physiology, 81(1), 232-237. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.81.1.232
Jaramillo, A. P., Jaramillo, L., Castells, J., Beltran, A., Mora, N. G., Torres, S., ... & Santos, Y. (2023). Effectiveness of creatine in metabolic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cureus, 15(9). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45282
Kaviani, M., Abassi, A., & Chilibeck, P. D. (2018). Creatine monohydrate supplementation during eight weeks of progressive resistance training increases strength in as little as two weeks without reducing markers of muscle damage. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(4), 608-612. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08406-2
Kin, A., Hazır, T., & Ergen, E. (1994). Step ve aerobik egzersizlerinde Borg Skalasının güvenirliği ve geçerliği. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(4), 4-12.
Kreider, R. B. (2003). Effects of creatine supplementation on performance and training adaptations. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 244, 89-94.
Kreider, R. B., & Jung, Y. P. (2011). Creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. Journal of Exercise Nutrition & Biochemistry, 15(2), 53-69.
Kreider, R. B., Kalman, D. S., Antonio, J., Ziegenfuss, T. N., Wildman, R., Collins, R., Candow, D. G., Kleiner, S. M., Almada, A. L. & Lopez, H. L. (2017). International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: safety and efficacy of creatine supplementation in exercise, sport, and medicine. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z
Lamontagne-Lacasse, M., Nadon, R., & Goulet, E. D. (2011). Effect of creatine supplementation on jumping performance in elite volleyball players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 6(4), 525-533. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.4.525
Lehmkuhl, M., Malone, M., Justice, B., Trone, G., Pistilli, E., Vinci, D., Haff, E. E., Kilgore, J. L., & Haff, G. G. (2003). The effects of 8 weeks of creatine monohydrate and glutamine supplementation on body composition and performance measures. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 17(3), 425-438.
Lu, T. L., Zheng, A. C., Suzuki, K., Lu, C. C., Wang, C. Y., & Fang, S. H. (2024). Supplementation of L-glutamine enhanced mucosal immunity and improved hormonal status of combat-sport athletes. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 21(1), 2300259. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2023.2300259
McDowall, J. A. (2007). Supplement use by young athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 6(3), 337.
Mohammad, S. M., Mahdi, A. M., & Parisa, S. (2021). The effect of intense physical activity session with glutamine supplementation on selected factors of wrestlers' immune system. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2(2), 145-150. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.2.2.0070
Mor, A., İpekoğlu, G., Baynaz, K., Arslanoğlu, C., Acar, K. & Arslanoğlu, E. (2019) Futbolcularda bcaa ve kreatin alımının vücut kompozisyonu üzerine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 274-285.
Mor, A., Karakaş, F., Mor, H., Yurtseven, R., Yılmaz, A.K., & Acar, K. (2022). Genç futbolcularda direnç bandı egzersizlerinin bazı performans parametresine etkisi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(3), 128-142. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.1095371
Nakhostin-Roohi, B., Javanamani, R., Zardoost, N., & Ramazanzadeh, R. (2017). Influence of glutamine supplementation on muscle damage and oxidative stress indices following 14km running. Hormozgan Medical Journal, 20(5).
Newsholme, P., Diniz, V. L. S., Dodd, G. T., & Cruzat, V. (2023). Glutamine metabolism and optimal immune and CNS function. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 82(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665122002749
Paulsen, G., Crameri, R., Benestad, H. B., Fjeld, J. G., Mørkrid, L., Hallén, J., & Raastad, T. (2010). Time course of leukocyte accumulation in human muscle after eccentric exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 42(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ac7adb
Piattoly, T., Parish, T. R., & Welsch, M. A. (2013). L-Glutamine supplementation: Effects on endurance, power and recovery. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 11.
Rahmani-Nia, F., Farzaneh, E., Damirchi, A., Majlan, A. S., & Tadibi, V. (2014). Surface electromyography assessments of the vastus medialis and rectus femoris muscles and creatine kinase after eccentric contraction following glutamine supplementation. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 5(1), 54-62. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34234
Rønnestad BR, Hansen J, Hollan I, Ellefsen S. (2015). Strength training improves performance and pedaling characteristics in elite cyclists. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 25(1):89-90. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.12257
Rowlands, D. S., Clarke, J., Green, J. G., & Shi, X. (2012). L-Arginine but not L-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 112, 2443-2453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-2225-4
Savy, G. K. (2002). Glutamine supplementation: heal the gut, help the patient. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 25(1), 65-69.
Shah, A. M., Wang, Z., & Ma, J. (2020). Glutamine metabolism and its role in immunity, a comprehensive review. Animals, 10(2), 326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020326
Street, B., Byrne, C., & Eston, R. (2011). Glutamine supplementation in recovery from eccentric exercise attenuates strength loss and muscle soreness. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 9(2), 116-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1728-869X(12)60007-0
Thomas, D. T., Erdman, K. A., & Burke, L. M. (2016). Nutrition and athletic performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(3), 543-568. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000852
Turan, N., Asti, T. A., & Kaya, N. (2017). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. Gastroenterology Nursing, 40(1), 47-55. DOI: 10.1097/SGA.0000000000000177
Vargas-Molina, S., García-Sillero, M., Kreider, R. B., Salinas, E., Petro, J. L., Benítez-Porres, J., & Bonilla, D. A. (2022). A randomized open-labeled study to examine the effects of creatine monohydrate and combined training on jump and scoring performance in young basketball players. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 529-542. https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2108683
Vieira, I. P., de Paula, A. G., Gentil, P., Pichard, C., Candow, D. G., & Pimentel, G. D. (2020). Effects of creatine supplementation on lower-limb muscle endurance following an acute bout of aerobic exercise in young men. Sports, 8(2), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8020012
Wax, B., Kerksick, C. M., Jagim, A. R., Mayo, J. J., Lyons, B. C., & Kreider, R. B. (2021). Creatine for exercise and sports performance, with recovery considerations for healthy populations. Nutrients, 13(6), 1915. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061915
Yanez-Silva, A., Buzzachera, C. F., Picarro, I. D. C., Januario, R. S. B., Ferreira, L. H. B., McAnulty, S. R., Utter, A. C., & Souza-Junior, T. P. (2017). Effect of low dose, short-term creatine supplementation on muscle power output in elite youth soccer players. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 14, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-017-0162-2
Zheng, Chen, Xiang-Ke Chen, and Yue Zhou. (2018). Acute glutamine ingestion modulates lymphocytic responses to exhaustive exercise in the heat. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 43.3: 213-220. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2017-0212

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Spor ve Beslenme

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Zehra Kargın
0009-0002-1005-1226
Türkiye

Mekki Abdioğlu
0000-0003-4533-1594
Türkiye

Hakkı Mor ^*
0000-0003-0810-1909
Türkiye

Selim Okur
0009-0003-7860-5798
Türkiye

Erkal Arslanoğlu
0000-0003-2066-0682
Türkiye

Ahmet Mor
0000-0002-1181-1111
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Nisan 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Ocak 2024

Kabul Tarihi

16 Nisan 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1423138

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA88JB56HJ

APA

Kargın, Z., Abdioğlu, M., Mor, H., Okur, S., Arslanoğlu, E., & Mor, A. (2024). Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(1), 37-52. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1423138

AMA

1.Kargın Z, Abdioğlu M, Mor H, Okur S, Arslanoğlu E, Mor A. Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 2024;15(1):37-52. doi:10.17155/omuspd.1423138

Chicago

Kargın, Zehra, Mekki Abdioğlu, Hakkı Mor, Selim Okur, Erkal Arslanoğlu, ve Ahmet Mor. 2024. “Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 15 (1): 37-52. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1423138.

EndNote

Kargın Z, Abdioğlu M, Mor H, Okur S, Arslanoğlu E, Mor A (01 Nisan 2024) Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 15 1 37–52.

IEEE

[1]Z. Kargın, M. Abdioğlu, H. Mor, S. Okur, E. Arslanoğlu, ve A. Mor, “Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi”, SPD, c. 15, sy 1, ss. 37–52, Nis. 2024, doi: 10.17155/omuspd.1423138.

ISNAD

Kargın, Zehra - Abdioğlu, Mekki - Mor, Hakkı - Okur, Selim - Arslanoğlu, Erkal - Mor, Ahmet. “Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 15/1 (01 Nisan 2024): 37-52. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1423138.

JAMA

1.Kargın Z, Abdioğlu M, Mor H, Okur S, Arslanoğlu E, Mor A. Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 2024;15:37–52.

MLA

Kargın, Zehra, vd. “Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 15, sy 1, Nisan 2024, ss. 37-52, doi:10.17155/omuspd.1423138.

Vancouver

1.Zehra Kargın, Mekki Abdioğlu, Hakkı Mor, Selim Okur, Erkal Arslanoğlu, Ahmet Mor. Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 01 Nisan 2024;15(1):37-52. doi:10.17155/omuspd.1423138

The Effect of Combined Glutamine and Creatine Consumption on Functional Threshold Power in Cyclists

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bisikletçilerde Glutamin ve Kreatin Kombine Tüketiminin Fonksiyonel Eşik Güç Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster