Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Gaye Kanik; Ahmet Mor

doi:10.17155/omuspd.1604320

EN TR

The Effect of Dıfferent Phases of The Menstrual Cycle on Some Performance Parameters ın Female Athletes

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of different phases of the menstrual cycle (MC) on certain performance parameters in female athletes. The study included 12 active female athletes aged 18–25 years (age: 21.58±1.44 years; height: 161.16±7.44 cm; body weight: 56.15±8.05 kg; body mass index [BMI]: 21.62±2.54 kg/m²; years of athletic experience: 10.83±2.12 years; training age: 10.66±2.05 years; competition age: 10.00±2.13 years; menarche age: 14.00±1.34 years). Tests assessing balance, vertical jump, anaerobic power, flexibility, strength, agility, speed, visual reaction (VR), and auditory reaction (AR) were conducted across the early follicular, ovulation, and luteal phases of the MC. The Borg Scale was used to assess perceived exertion (RPE) immediately after each measurement, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was employed the following day to evaluate delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Differences among variables were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Statistically significant differences were found between phases in vertical jump, speed, strength, flexibility, agility, total visual reaction time (VRT), mean visual reaction time (VRT), and RPE (p<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in body weight, BMI, balance, anaerobic power, AR, or DOMS parameters across phases (p>0.05). The findings suggest that performance variations in specific phases may be attributed to perceived exertion, the nocebo effect, hormonal fluctuations, various physiological responses, and mood changes. Notably, strength performance was observed to increase during the ovulation phase, while vertical jump, 30-meter sprint, flexibility, and agility performance were positively influenced during the luteal phase. Conversely, the early follicular phase was found to have negative effects on all performance parameters examined in this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Athletic Performance, Female Athletes, Menstrual Cycle, Sports

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee permission was obtained for the research from Sinop University Human Research Ethics Committee with the decision number 2023/212 dated 03.11.2023.

Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kadın sporcularda menstrual siklusun (MS) farklı fazlarının, bazı performans parametreleri üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 18-25 yaşları arasında aktif spor yapan 12 kadın sporcu (yaş: 21,58±1,44 yıl; boy uzunluğu: 161,16±7,44 cm; vücut ağırlığı: 56,15±8,05 kg; beden kitle indeksi: 21,62±2,54 kg/m²; sporcu yaşı: 10,83±2,12 yıl; antrenman yaşı: 10,66±2,05 yıl; müsabaka yaşı:10,00±2,13 yıl; menarş yaşı:14,00±1,34 yıl) dâhil edildi. MS’nin erken foliküler faz (EFF), ovulasyon faz (OF) ve luteal faz (LF) arasında, denge, dikey sıçrama, anaerobik güç, esneklik, kuvvet, çeviklik, sürat, görsel reaksiyon (GR) ve işitsel reaksiyon (İR) testleri uygulandı. Her yapılan ölçüm sonrasında algılanan zorluk derecesini (AZD) değerlendirmek için Borg Skalası, ölçümden sonraki gün ise gecikmiş kas ağrısını belirlemek için Görsel Analog Skala (GAS) kullanıldı. Değişkenler arası farklılık repeated-measures ANOVA ile analiz edildi. Fazlar arasında dikey sıçrama, sürat, kuvvet, esneklik, çeviklik, görsel reaksiyon toplam (GRT), görsel reaksiyon ortalama süresi (GRO) ve AZD’de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p<0,05). Fazlar arası vücut ağırlığı, BKİ, denge, anaerobik güç, İR ve GAS parametrelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olmadığı saptandı (p>0,05). Elde edilen bulgulara göre, sporcuların belirli fazlarda performanslarının artmasının veya azalmasının, algılanan zorluk derecesi, nosebo etkisi, hormonal dalgalanmalar, çeşitli fizyolojik tepkiler ve duygu durum değişikliklerinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Özellikle, OF’da kuvvet performansının arttığı, LF’de ise dikey sıçrama, 30 m sürat, esneklik ve çeviklik performansının olumlu yönde etkilendiği gözlemlendi. Buna karşılık, EFF’nin çalışmanın tüm performans parametreleri üzerinde olumsuz etkiler oluşturduğu tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kadın Sporcular, Menstrual Siklus, Spor, Sportif Performans

Etik Beyan

Araştırma için Sinop Üniversitesi İnsan Araştırmaları Etik Kurulundan 03.11.2023 tarihli ve 2023/212 karar sayısı ile etik kurul izni alınmıştır.

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Thompson, B., Janse de Jonge, X., & Han, A. (2019). Methodological recommendations for menstrual cycle research in sports and exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports And Exercise, 51(12), 2610-2617. , Webb, J. L., Millan, D. L., & Stolz, C. J. (1979). Gynecological survey of American female athletes competing at the Montreal Olympic Games. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 19(4), 405–412.
Yalçın, S., Bağış, Y. E., Yerlikaya, G., Beyleroğlu, M. (2023). Orta düzeyde aktif genç kadınlarda menstrual döngü fazlarının egzersiz performansı, vücut sıcaklığı ve yorgunluk düzeyleri üzerine etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1), 201-210. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1224750.
Yamamoto, K., Okazaki, A., Sakamoto, Y., & Funatsu, M. (2009). The relationship between premenstrual symptoms, menstrual pain, irregular menstrual cycles, and psychosocial stress among Japanese college students. Journal of Physiological Anthropology, 28(3), 129–136. https://doi.org/10.2114/jpa2.28.129

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Fiziksel Aktivite ve Sağlık, Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Gaye Kanik ^*
0009-0004-4762-1418
Türkiye

Ahmet Mor
0000-0002-1181-1111
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

24 Nisan 2025

Yayımlanma Tarihi

25 Nisan 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

19 Aralık 2024

Kabul Tarihi

16 Mart 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1604320

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA36WW72XX

APA

Kanik, G., & Mor, A. (2025). Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(1), 137-158. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1604320

AMA

1.Kanik G, Mor A. Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 2025;16(1):137-158. doi:10.17155/omuspd.1604320

Chicago

Kanik, Gaye, ve Ahmet Mor. 2025. “Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 16 (1): 137-58. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1604320.

EndNote

Kanik G, Mor A (01 Nisan 2025) Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 16 1 137–158.

IEEE

[1]G. Kanik ve A. Mor, “Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi”, SPD, c. 16, sy 1, ss. 137–158, Nis. 2025, doi: 10.17155/omuspd.1604320.

ISNAD

Kanik, Gaye - Mor, Ahmet. “Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi 16/1 (01 Nisan 2025): 137-158. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1604320.

JAMA

1.Kanik G, Mor A. Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 2025;16:137–158.

MLA

Kanik, Gaye, ve Ahmet Mor. “Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi”. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 16, sy 1, Nisan 2025, ss. 137-58, doi:10.17155/omuspd.1604320.

Vancouver

1.Gaye Kanik, Ahmet Mor. Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi. SPD. 01 Nisan 2025;16(1):137-58. doi:10.17155/omuspd.1604320

Cited By

Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching and Foam Rolling Warm-Up Protocols on Certain Performance Parameters in Canoeists

Herkes için Spor ve Rekreasyon Dergisi

https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1698583

Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching and Foam Roller Warm-Up Strategies on Performance Parameters in 10-11 Years Old Soccer Players

Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise

https://doi.org/10.15314/tsed.1793934

The Effect of Dıfferent Phases of The Menstrual Cycle on Some Performance Parameters ın Female Athletes

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Kadın Sporcularda Menstrual Siklusun Farklı Fazlarının Bazı Performans Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster

Cited By

Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching and Foam Rolling Warm-Up Protocols on Certain Performance Parameters in Canoeists

Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching and Foam Roller Warm-Up Strategies on Performance Parameters in 10-11 Years Old Soccer Players