Araştırma Makalesi
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Yaşam Kalitesine Giden Yolda Dengenin Rolü: Alt Ekstremite Amputasyonlu Sporcularda Kesitsel Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 63 - 76, 19.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1705363
https://izlik.org/JA92TF63ZP

Öz

Alt ekstremite amputasyonu olan sporcularda yaşam kalitesini etkileyen birçok faktör vardır. Çok önemli bir beceri olan dengenin bu faktörler içerisinde yeri ve önemi yeterince araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, ilişkisel tarama modeli ile amputasyon geçirmiş sporcularda denge ile yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi ve bazı demografik değişkenler açısından literatürle karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma grubu, rastgele yöntemle seçilen, alt ekstremite amputasyonu geçirmiş ve protez kullanan, yaşları 19-45 arasında değişen 30 sporcudan oluşmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formuna ek olarak; denge değerlendirmesi için Berg Denge Ölçeği, yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmesi için ise Trinity Amputasyon ve Protez Deneyim Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların Berg Denge Ölçeği skorları ile Trinity Amputasyon ve Protez Deneyim Ölçeği’nin birinci kısmında yer alan alt boyutlardan “psikososyal uyum” arasında pozitif yönlü, düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki (r=0,362; p<0,049); “aktivite kısıtlılığı” alt boyutu ile ise negatif yönlü, düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=-0,367; p<0,046). Ayrıca, Trinity Amputasyon ve Protez Deneyim Ölçeği’nin birinci bölüm alt boyutlarından “psikososyal uyum” ile “protez memnuniyeti” arasında pozitif yönlü, orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (r=0,643; p<0,000). Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, alt ekstremite amputasyonu geçirmiş sporcularda denge düzeyi arttıkça yaşam kalitesinin de yükseldiği görülmüştür. Denge düzeyi ve protez memnuniyeti, bireylerin psikososyal uyumu ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Bu doğrultuda; bireylerin sosyal çevreye uyum sağlama, öz güven geliştirme ve günlük yaşam becerilerini sürdürebilme kapasiteleri, denge kontrolü ve protez kullanım deneyimiyle ilişkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Etik Beyan

“Çalışma için etik onay, 25/12/2025 tarihinde yapılan komite toplantısının ardından, Hitit Üniversitesi Müdahalesiz Araştırma ve Yayın Etik Kurulu’ndan 06/01/2025 tarihli ve 2024-27 sayılı karar ile alınmıştır.”

Kaynakça

  • Asano, M., Rushton, P., Miller, W. C., & Deathe, B. A. (2008). Predictors of quality of life among individuals who have a lower limb amputation. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 32(2), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640802024955
  • Aydın, A., & Atiç, R. (2018). Transtibial and transfemoral amputees' balance and fall level comparison. Bozok Medical Journal, 9(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.448459
  • Bayramlar, K. (2007, Ekim 17–20). Amputelerde yaşam kalitesi. VI. Ulusal Protez Ortez Kongresi, Antalya, Türkiye. Bayramlar, K., & Sid People, S. I. (2009). Ortopedik özürlülerde rekreasyonel aktiviteler ve spor. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 8(1), 23–27.
  • Berg, K., Wood-Dauphinee, S., Williams, J. I., & Gayton, D. (1989). Measuring balance in the elderly: Preliminary development of an instrument. Physiotherapy Canada, 41(6), 304–311. https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.41.6.304
  • Blum, L., & Korner-Bitensky, N. (2008). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale in stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review. Physical Therapy, 88(5), 559–566. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20070205
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2017). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (23. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Dajpratham, P., Tantiniramai, S., Lukkapichonchut, P., & Kaewnaree, S. (2008). Factors associated with vocational reintegration among the Thai lower limb amputees. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 91(10), 1575–1580.
  • Deans, S. A., McFadyen, A. K., & Rowe, P. J. (2008). Physical activity and quality of life: A study of a lower-limb amputee population. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 32(2), 186–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640802016514
  • Demirdel, S., & Bayramlar, K. (2014). Amputasyondan sonra normal yaşama yeniden katılım sürecinin yaşam kalitesi ve fonksiyonel düzey ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 25(3), 113–119.
  • Downs, S. (2015). The Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Physiotherapy, 61(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2014.10.002
  • Downs, S., Marquez, J., & Chiarelli, P. (2013). The Berg Balance Scale has high intra- and inter-rater reliability but absolute reliability varies across the scale: A systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 59(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70161-9
  • Gallagher, P., & MacLachlan, M. (2004). The Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales and quality of life in people with lower-limb amputation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(5), 730–736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2003.07.009
  • Godlwana, L., Stewart, A., & Musenge, E. (2020). The effect of a home exercise intervention on persons with lower limb amputations: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 34(1), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215519880295
  • Hudson, L. W. (2022). Examining the relationship between balance confidence and the physical and psychosocial adaptation to transtibial amputation on physical activity participation and avoidance habits [Doctoral dissertation, Lakehead University]. Lakehead University Repository, Canada.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, teknikler, ilkeler (Güncellenmiş baskı). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Luthi, F., Praz, C., Léger, B., Vouilloz, A., Favre, C., Loiret, I., et al. (2020). Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the French version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales–revised (TAPES-R). Plos One, 15(2), e0229084. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229084
  • Marigold, D. S., Eng, J. J., Dawson, A. S., Inglis, J. T., Harris, J. E., & Gylfadottir, S. (2005). Exercise leads to faster postural reflexes, improved balance and mobility, and fewer falls in older persons with chronic stroke. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(3), 416–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53158.x
  • Miller, W. C., Deathe, A. B., Speechley, M., & Koval, J. (2001). The influence of falling, fear of falling, and balance confidence on prosthetic mobility and social activity among individuals with a lower extremity amputation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(9), 1238–1244. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.25079
  • Moini, M., Shirzad, E., & Alizadeh, M. H. (2023). The relationship between balance and spatiotemporal gait factors with quality of life in below-knee amputees. Sport Sciences and Health Research, 15(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.22059/SSHR.2024.370652.1119
  • Molina-Rueda, F., Molero-Sánchez, A., Alguacil-Diego, I. M., Carratalá-Tejada, M., Cuesta-Gómez, A., & Miangolarra-Page, J. C. (2016). Weight symmetry and latency scores for unexpected surface perturbations in subjects with traumatic and vascular unilateral transtibial amputation. PM&R, 8(3), 235–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.024
  • Oğul, M. (2005). Amputasyonun psikososyal boyutu. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 7(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1501/Ashd_0000000054
  • Özkan, R., Orhan Akar, Ö., Uzun, R. N., İmamoğlu, O., Kımıl, K., & Yılmaz, N. H. (2026). An examination of the effects of athletes’ social media addiction and sports burnout levels on their emotional commitment to their teams. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 9(1), 11–23. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1800955
  • Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Fiebert, I. M., & Roach, K. E. (2010). Impairment variables predicting activity limitation in individuals with lower limb amputation. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 34(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.3109/03093640903585008
  • Şahin, F., Yılmaz, F., Özmadenci, A., Kötevöğlu, N., Şahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 31(1), 32–37.
  • Topuz, S., Ülger, Ö., Yakut, Y., & Gül Şener, F. (2011). Reliability and construct validity of the Turkish version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experience Scales (TAPES) in lower limb amputees. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 35(2), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1177/03093646114076
  • Uzun, R. N., Yamak, B., Erail, S., & Orhan-Akar, Ö. (2025). An investigation of media usage purposes and social media addiction levels of faculty of sport sciences students. Journal of ROL Sport Sciences, 6(2), 300–313. https://doi.org/10.70736/jrolss.1759
  • Yazicioglu, K., Taskaynatan, M. A., Guzelkucuk, U., & Tugcu, I. (2007). Effect of playing football (soccer) on balance, strength, and quality of life in unilateral below-knee amputees. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 86(10), 800–805. https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e318151fc74
  • Yinanç, S. B. (2024). Engelli bireylerde ortez ve protez yaklaşımları. In Engelleri aşmak: Engelli bakım ve rehabilitasyonda güncel yaklaşımlar. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi.

The Role of Balance on the Path to Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in Athletes with Lower Limb Amputation

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1, 63 - 76, 19.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1705363
https://izlik.org/JA92TF63ZP

Öz

There are many factors affecting the quality of life in athletes with lower extremity amputation. The place and importance of balance, which is a very important skill, among these factors have not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between balance and quality of life in athletes with lower extremity amputation and to evaluate it comparatively with the literature in terms of some demographic variables. The study included 30 randomly selected athletes aged 19 - 45 with lower extremity amputation using prostheses. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Berg Balance Scale, and the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale. Berg Balance Scale scores showed a low but significant positive correlation with the “psychosocial adjustment” subdimension (r=0.362; p<0.049), and a low but significant negative correlation with the “activity restriction” subdimension (r=-0.367; p<0.046) of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale. Additionally, a moderate and significant positive correlation was found between the “psychosocial adjustment” and “prosthesis satisfaction” subdimensions (r=0.643; p<0.000). Based on the findings, it was observed that higher balance levels were associated with better quality of life in athletes with lower limb amputation. Balance levels and prosthesis satisfaction were associated with better psychosocial adjustment. Accordingly, individuals’ ability to adapt to their social environment, develop self-confidence, and maintain daily life skills may be associated with their balance control and experience with prosthesis use.

Etik Beyan

“Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Hitit University Non-Interventional Research and Publication Ethics Committee with decision number 2024-27, dated 06/01/2025, following the committee meeting held on 25/12/2025.”

Kaynakça

  • Asano, M., Rushton, P., Miller, W. C., & Deathe, B. A. (2008). Predictors of quality of life among individuals who have a lower limb amputation. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 32(2), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640802024955
  • Aydın, A., & Atiç, R. (2018). Transtibial and transfemoral amputees' balance and fall level comparison. Bozok Medical Journal, 9(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.448459
  • Bayramlar, K. (2007, Ekim 17–20). Amputelerde yaşam kalitesi. VI. Ulusal Protez Ortez Kongresi, Antalya, Türkiye. Bayramlar, K., & Sid People, S. I. (2009). Ortopedik özürlülerde rekreasyonel aktiviteler ve spor. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 8(1), 23–27.
  • Berg, K., Wood-Dauphinee, S., Williams, J. I., & Gayton, D. (1989). Measuring balance in the elderly: Preliminary development of an instrument. Physiotherapy Canada, 41(6), 304–311. https://doi.org/10.3138/ptc.41.6.304
  • Blum, L., & Korner-Bitensky, N. (2008). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale in stroke rehabilitation: A systematic review. Physical Therapy, 88(5), 559–566. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20070205
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2017). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı (23. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Dajpratham, P., Tantiniramai, S., Lukkapichonchut, P., & Kaewnaree, S. (2008). Factors associated with vocational reintegration among the Thai lower limb amputees. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 91(10), 1575–1580.
  • Deans, S. A., McFadyen, A. K., & Rowe, P. J. (2008). Physical activity and quality of life: A study of a lower-limb amputee population. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 32(2), 186–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/03093640802016514
  • Demirdel, S., & Bayramlar, K. (2014). Amputasyondan sonra normal yaşama yeniden katılım sürecinin yaşam kalitesi ve fonksiyonel düzey ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi. Fizyoterapi Rehabilitasyon, 25(3), 113–119.
  • Downs, S. (2015). The Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Physiotherapy, 61(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2014.10.002
  • Downs, S., Marquez, J., & Chiarelli, P. (2013). The Berg Balance Scale has high intra- and inter-rater reliability but absolute reliability varies across the scale: A systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 59(2), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(13)70161-9
  • Gallagher, P., & MacLachlan, M. (2004). The Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales and quality of life in people with lower-limb amputation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 85(5), 730–736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2003.07.009
  • Godlwana, L., Stewart, A., & Musenge, E. (2020). The effect of a home exercise intervention on persons with lower limb amputations: A randomized controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation, 34(1), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215519880295
  • Hudson, L. W. (2022). Examining the relationship between balance confidence and the physical and psychosocial adaptation to transtibial amputation on physical activity participation and avoidance habits [Doctoral dissertation, Lakehead University]. Lakehead University Repository, Canada.
  • Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: Kavramlar, teknikler, ilkeler (Güncellenmiş baskı). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Luthi, F., Praz, C., Léger, B., Vouilloz, A., Favre, C., Loiret, I., et al. (2020). Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the French version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales–revised (TAPES-R). Plos One, 15(2), e0229084. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229084
  • Marigold, D. S., Eng, J. J., Dawson, A. S., Inglis, J. T., Harris, J. E., & Gylfadottir, S. (2005). Exercise leads to faster postural reflexes, improved balance and mobility, and fewer falls in older persons with chronic stroke. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53(3), 416–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53158.x
  • Miller, W. C., Deathe, A. B., Speechley, M., & Koval, J. (2001). The influence of falling, fear of falling, and balance confidence on prosthetic mobility and social activity among individuals with a lower extremity amputation. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 82(9), 1238–1244. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.25079
  • Moini, M., Shirzad, E., & Alizadeh, M. H. (2023). The relationship between balance and spatiotemporal gait factors with quality of life in below-knee amputees. Sport Sciences and Health Research, 15(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.22059/SSHR.2024.370652.1119
  • Molina-Rueda, F., Molero-Sánchez, A., Alguacil-Diego, I. M., Carratalá-Tejada, M., Cuesta-Gómez, A., & Miangolarra-Page, J. C. (2016). Weight symmetry and latency scores for unexpected surface perturbations in subjects with traumatic and vascular unilateral transtibial amputation. PM&R, 8(3), 235–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.024
  • Oğul, M. (2005). Amputasyonun psikososyal boyutu. Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 7(1), 27–33. https://doi.org/10.1501/Ashd_0000000054
  • Özkan, R., Orhan Akar, Ö., Uzun, R. N., İmamoğlu, O., Kımıl, K., & Yılmaz, N. H. (2026). An examination of the effects of athletes’ social media addiction and sports burnout levels on their emotional commitment to their teams. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 9(1), 11–23. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1800955
  • Raya, M. A., Gailey, R. S., Fiebert, I. M., & Roach, K. E. (2010). Impairment variables predicting activity limitation in individuals with lower limb amputation. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 34(1), 73–84. https://doi.org/10.3109/03093640903585008
  • Şahin, F., Yılmaz, F., Özmadenci, A., Kötevöğlu, N., Şahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 31(1), 32–37.
  • Topuz, S., Ülger, Ö., Yakut, Y., & Gül Şener, F. (2011). Reliability and construct validity of the Turkish version of the Trinity Amputation and Prosthetic Experience Scales (TAPES) in lower limb amputees. Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 35(2), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1177/03093646114076
  • Uzun, R. N., Yamak, B., Erail, S., & Orhan-Akar, Ö. (2025). An investigation of media usage purposes and social media addiction levels of faculty of sport sciences students. Journal of ROL Sport Sciences, 6(2), 300–313. https://doi.org/10.70736/jrolss.1759
  • Yazicioglu, K., Taskaynatan, M. A., Guzelkucuk, U., & Tugcu, I. (2007). Effect of playing football (soccer) on balance, strength, and quality of life in unilateral below-knee amputees. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 86(10), 800–805. https://doi.org/10.1097/phm.0b013e318151fc74
  • Yinanç, S. B. (2024). Engelli bireylerde ortez ve protez yaklaşımları. In Engelleri aşmak: Engelli bakım ve rehabilitasyonda güncel yaklaşımlar. Ankara: Nobel Tıp Kitabevi.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Engelliler için Beden Eğitimi, Spor ve Fiziksel Aktivite, Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hüseyin Çelik 0000-0002-9197-1974

Emre Yamaner 0000-0001-5958-0722

Abdulkerim Çeviker 0000-0002-6566-1251

Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 6 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Mart 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1705363
IZ https://izlik.org/JA92TF63ZP
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Çelik, H., Yamaner, E., & Çeviker, A. (2026). The Role of Balance on the Path to Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in Athletes with Lower Limb Amputation. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 17(1), 63-76. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.1705363