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Öz

Neurofeedback, which is known as a clinic application, is a psychophysiological application which deals with the training of brain waves in biofeedback discipline. For many years, scientists have focused on neurofeedback training method. In recent years, interest in this method which is used with the aim of increasing sportive performance has been increasing. Recognizing the cognitive and psychological process during the best performance is very important for the athletes to show their best performance and improve their sportive performance. The aim of biofeedback and neurofeedback applications is to present these processes to athletes visually and to voluntarily reach the cognitive and psychological process during best performance again. Researches show that, neurofeedback trainings improve the psychological parameters such as arousal level and anxiety as well as performance in swimming, dance and archery. These recent developments in sport science are very important for sport development in our country. The purpose of this review is to inform researchers, coaches and athletes about neurofeedback training techniques, methods, outputs and applications in sport sciences, to summarize the positive effects with evidences in literature and lastly to provide some suggestions about this method that is used in other countries so that it can also be used widely in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sensory-Motor rhythm, EEG biofeedback, sport

SPORTİF PERFORMANS AÇISINDAN NÖRO-GERİBİLDİRİM

Öz

KKlinik bir uygulama olarak bilinen nöro-geribildirim biyolojik geribildirim disiplini çerçevesinde beyin dalgalarının eğitilmesi ile uğraşan psikofizyolojik bir uygulamadır. Nöro-geribildirim antrenmanları uzun yıllardır bilim adamlarının üzerinde durduğu bir yöntemdir. Son yıllarda sportif performansı arttırmak amacı ile de kullanılan bu yönteme ilgi giderek artmaktadır. Sportif performansın geliştirilmesi ve sporcunun en iyi performansını sürekli sergileyebilmesi için en iyi performans sırasındaki psikolojik ve zihinsel süreçlerin farkına varılması önem taşımaktadır. Biyolojik geribildirim ve nöro-geribildirim gibi uygulamalar ile bu süreçlerin görsel olarak sporcuya sunulması ve en iyi performans anındaki psikolojik ve zihinsel süreçlere istemli olarak tekrar ulaşılması hedeflenmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda nöro-geribildirim antrenmanlarının uyarılmışlık düzeyi, kaygı gibi psikolojik verilerin yanı sıra okçuluk, dans ve yüzme gibi spor branşlarında da performansı olumlu etkilediği bildirilmiştir. Spor bilimleri alanındaki bu son gelişmelerin ülkemizde de yaygınlaşması ülkemiz sporunun gelişimi açısından büyük önem taşıdığı düşünülmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı; nöro-geribildirim antrenmanlarının yöntemi, çıktıları gibi teknik ayrıntılı gereklilikleri ve spor bilimleri alanında kullanımı hakkında bilgi vermek, sporcunun performansına olan olumlu etkilerini yazılı kaynaklarda yer alan çalışma sonuçları ile özetlemek ve yurt dışında kullanılan bu yöntemin ülkemiz sporunda da yaygın bir şekilde kullanılabilmesi için önerilerde bulunmaktır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Duyu-Motor ritim, EEG-biyolojik geribildirim, spor

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Duyu-Motor ritim, EEG-biyolojik geribildirim, spor

Kaynakça

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