AMERİKAN FUTBOL (KORUMALI FUTBOL) OYUNCULARININ SPORDA CESARET DÜZEYLERİ İLE ZİHİNSEL DAYANIKLILIKLARININ İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2020, , 132 - 140, 17.08.2020

Burcu Güvendi , Mehmet Güçlü Ayşe Türksoy Işım

https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.633854

Cited By: 4

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı amerikan futbol oyuncularının cesaret düzeyleri ile zihinsel dayanıklılık düzeylerinin incelenmesi ve aralarındaki ilişkinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 1.lig ve 2. Lig de yer alan, yaş ort.=22,14±3,67 yıl olan, ort. =3,29±2,43l spor yılına sahip toplamda 231 Amerikan futbol oyuncusu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; ‘‘Zihinsel Dayanıklılık’’ ve ‘‘Sporda Cesaret Ölçeği’’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; betimleyici istatistikler, t testi, ANOVA ve Pearson Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeği alt boyutları ile cesaret ölçeği alt boyutları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Yaşa göre, zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeğinin tüm alt boyutlarında ve sporda cesaret ölçeğinin yetkinlik-ustalık, atılganlık ve özverili olma alt boyutlarında 24 yaş ve üzeri sporcuların lehine; Spor yılına bakıldığında ise zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeğinin güven ve devamlılık alt boyutlarında ve sporda cesaret ölçeğinin yetkinlik-ustalık, kararlılık ve atılganlık alt boyutlarında 5 yıl ve üzeri lehine; Oyuncuların antrenörleri ile çalışma sürelerine bakıldığında, zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeğinin güven ve devamlılık alt boyutlarında ve sporda cesaret ölçeğinin yetkinlik-ustalık ve atılganlık alt boyutlarında 3 yıl ve üzeri lehine; Amerikan futbol oyuncularının milli olma durumlarına göre zihinsel dayanıklılık ölçeğinin tüm alt boyutlarında sporda cesaret ölçeğinin atılganlık boyutunda milli olanların lehine anlamlı farklılık belirlenmiştir. Amerikan futbol oyuncularının yaşı, spor yapma yılı ve antrenörü ile çalışma süresinin artmasıyla da zihinsel dayanıklılık ve sporda cesaret düzeylerinin arttığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amerikan futbol, cesaret, spor, zihinsel dayanıklılık

THE ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS’ COURAGE LEVELS AND SPORT MENTAL THOUGHNESS

Öz

The purpose of the present study is to examine the courage and mental toughness of elite Turkish male American football players. The study group consists of 231 American football players, with a mean age of 22.14±3.67 year and with a sports experience of 3.29±2.43 year. As data collection tool, ‘Personal Information Form’ ‘Mental Toughness Scale’ and ‘Sport Courage Scale’ were conducted face to face with the participants. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation analysis were used. It was observed that there is a significant positive relation between sub-dimensions of mental toughness scale and sub-dimensions of courage scale. It was understood that there is a significant difference in all sub-dimensions of mental toughness based on age and competence-mastership, hardiness and being self-giving sub-dimensions of courage in sports scale in favor of sportspeople who are 24 years old or older. When it was evaluated based on sports year, there was a significant difference in favor of players doing sports for 5 years and more in the trust and continuity sub-dimensions of mental toughness scale and competence-mastership, determination and hardiness sub-dimensions of courage in sports scale. There was a significant difference in favor of players doing sports for 3 years and more in the trust and continuity sub-dimensions of mental toughness scale and competence-mastership and hardiness sub-dimensions of courage in sports scale, when it was evaluated based on the working time of the players with their coaches. Based on American football players’ playing at national team, it was clear that there was a significant difference in all sub-dimensions of courage in sports scale in favor of the sportspeople playing at national team. It was observed that mental toughness and courage in sports levels increase as the ages, years doing sports, the time of working with a coach of the American football players increase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

American football, courage, mental toughness, sports

Kaynakça

• 1. Özkan A, Arıburun, B, İşler, AK. Relationships of body composition, ısokinetic knee strength and anaerobic performance in american football players. Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci, 2009; 1 (1): 47-52.
• 2. Luthans F. Positive organizational behavior: developing and managing psychological strengths. Academy of Management Executive, 2002; 16 (1): 57-72.
• 3. Can Y, Kaçay Z. Investigation of the relationship between athlete identity perception, courage and self-confidence. Journal of Human Sciences, 2016; 13 (3): 6176-6184.
• 4. Corlett, J. Virtue Lost: courage in sport. In. A. Hollowchak (Ed.), Philosophy in sport. new jersey: Prentice Hall; 2002.
• 5. Peterson C, Park N. (Eds). Classification and measurement of character strengths: ımplications for practice. Positive psychology in practice (pp. 433-446). Hoboken, NJ, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc: 2004.
• 6. Cashmore E. Sport and exercise psychology, the key concepts. London: Rutledge; 2008.
• 7. Loehr JE. Athletic excellence: Mental toughness training for sport. New York: Plume: 1982.
• 8. Konter E, Johan NG. Development of sport courage scale. Journal of Human Kinetics, 2012; 33: 163-172.
• 9. Yardımcı A, Sadık, R, Kardaş, NT. The relationship between loneliness levels and sport mental resistance levels of american football players. Journal of Sport Sciences Researches, 2017: 2 (2); 79-90.
• 10. Konter E. The confidence and courage of classroom teacher candidates according to physical education, play and sports participation. USOS-International Classroom Teaching Education Symposium, Bartın University Faculty of Education, Bartın: 2015a, May.
• 11. Konter E, Balcı TA. Perceptions of courage and self-identification according to physical education, play and sports participation of classroom teacher candidates. USOS-International Classroom Teaching Education Symposium, Bartın University Faculty of Education, Bartın: 2015, May.
• 12. Gucciardi DF, Gordon S, Dimmock JA. Towards an understanding of mental toughness in australian football. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2008; 20 (3): 261-281.
• 13. Sheard, M, Golby J. Van Wersch A. Progress toward construct validation of the sports mental toughness questionnaire (SMTQ). European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 2009: 25 (3); 186-193.
• 14. Altıntaş A, Koruç BK. Examining psychometric properties of the sport mental toughness questionnaire-smtq. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 2016; 27 (4):162-171.
• 15. Connaughton D, Wadey R, Hanton S, Jones G. The development and maintenance of mental toughness: perceptions of elite performers. Journal of Sport Sciences, 2008, 26 (1), 83-95.
• 16. Yıldız, AB, Yılmaz, B. Determination of relation between the mental toughness and of the self- efficacy levels of athletes. 15 th International Sports Science Congress, Antalya: 2017, November.
• 17. Konter, E. Sport courage profile of university students in relation to level of resilience appraisal, physical education and sport participation. The 10th. International Conference in Physical Education, Sport and Physical Therapy, Elazığ: 2016, October.
• 18. Konter E. Professional footballers' courage profiles according to their chosen personal, social and performance variables. National Sports Medicine Congress, Ankara: 2015b, November.