The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe

Aslı Okay Toprak

doi:10.17541/optimum.1645121

EN TR

The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe

Öz

This study examines how carbon dioxide emissions per capita, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, percentage of trade in GDP, inflation and foreign direct investment data for 8 Eastern European countries (Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Czechia, Moldova, Hungary, Slovakia, Moldova, Hungary, Slovakia and Belarus) for the period 1992-2021 affect percentage of renewable energy consumption in total energy consumption. The seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model is the methodology employed in this investigation. According to the SUR model's results, the increase in per capita income increases the share of renewable energy consumption in all countries. However, the increase in per capita carbon emissions has reduced the share of renewable energy consumption. Although the impact of inflation, trade, and foreign direct investments on renewable energy consumption differs across countries, this effect is at a lower level compared to the income effect. The nations with comparatively higher rates of sustainable green growth are Poland, Moldova, and Slovakia. Hungary, Belarus, and Czechia, on the other hand, have a comparatively lesser propensity to use renewable energy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Growth, Inflation, Trade, Foreign direct investment, Seemingly Unrelated Regression

Makroekonomik Göstergelerin Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımı Üzerindeki Etkileri: Doğu Avrupa Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışma, 1992-2021 dönemi için 8 Doğu Avrupa ülkesi (Romanya, Bulgaristan, Polonya, Çekya, Moldova, Macaristan, Slovakya, Moldova, Macaristan, Slovakya ve Belarus) için kişi başına karbondioksit emisyonu, kişi başına Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (GSYİH), GSYİH içindeki ticaret yüzdesi, enflasyon ve doğrudan yabancı yatırım verilerinin yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin toplam enerji tüketimi içindeki yüzdesini nasıl etkilediğini incelemektedir. Görünüşte ilişkisiz regresyon (SUR) modeli bu araştırmada kullanılan metodolojidir. SUR modelinin sonuçlarına göre, kişi başına düşen gelirdeki artış tüm ülkelerde yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin payını artırmaktadır. Ancak, kişi başına düşen karbon emisyonundaki artış yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminin payını azaltmıştır. Enflasyon, ticaret ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi üzerindeki etkisi ülkeler arasında farklılık gösterse de bu etki gelir etkisine kıyasla daha düşük düzeydedir. Sürdürülebilir yeşil büyüme oranları nispeten daha yüksek olan ülkeler Polonya, Moldova ve Slovakya'dır. Macaristan, Belarus ve Çekya ise yenilenebilir enerji kullanma konusunda nispeten daha az eğilime sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyüme, Enflasyon, Ticaret, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Görünürde İlişkisiz Regresyon

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kalkınma Ekonomisi - Makro

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Aslı Okay Toprak ^*
0000-0001-6575-2471
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

1 Temmuz 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

22 Şubat 2025

Kabul Tarihi

22 Mart 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1645121

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA67DF88ZX

APA

Okay Toprak, A. (2025). The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 305-324. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1645121

AMA

1.Okay Toprak A. The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe. OEYBD. 2025;12(2):305-324. doi:10.17541/optimum.1645121

Chicago

Okay Toprak, Aslı. 2025. “The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe”. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 12 (2): 305-24. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1645121.

EndNote

Okay Toprak A (01 Temmuz 2025) The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 12 2 305–324.

IEEE

[1]A. Okay Toprak, “The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe”, OEYBD, c. 12, sy 2, ss. 305–324, Tem. 2025, doi: 10.17541/optimum.1645121.

ISNAD

Okay Toprak, Aslı. “The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe”. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 12/2 (01 Temmuz 2025): 305-324. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1645121.

JAMA

1.Okay Toprak A. The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe. OEYBD. 2025;12:305–324.

MLA

Okay Toprak, Aslı. “The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe”. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 12, sy 2, Temmuz 2025, ss. 305-24, doi:10.17541/optimum.1645121.

Vancouver

1.Aslı Okay Toprak. The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe. OEYBD. 01 Temmuz 2025;12(2):305-24. doi:10.17541/optimum.1645121

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The Effects of Macroeconomic Indicators on Renewable Energy Use: The Case of Eastern Europe

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Makroekonomik Göstergelerin Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımı Üzerindeki Etkileri: Doğu Avrupa Örneği

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