BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?

Yıl 2016, , 0 - 0, 10.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.256392

Öz

Yaklaşık olarak son on yılda, yoksulluk-çevre hipotezi uluslararası kalkınma ajanslarının ve siyasa yapıcıların başlıca ilgi konusu haline geldi. Buna göre çevresel bozulma ve yoksulluk birbirini güçlendirmektedir ve yoksullar çevresel yıkımın hem failleri hem de mağdurlarıdır.

Bu makale yoksulluk-çevresel bozulma tartışmasında yer alan temel sorunları kısaca özetlemeye çalışmaktadır. Makalenin yapısı şöyledir: Bölüm 2, kaynak bağımlı kırsal toplumun kaynak kullanımı tartışması için basit bir kavramsal çerçeve sunmaktadır. Faaliyette olması muhtemel üç kısır döngüden söz edeceğiz: kaynak bozulması, yetki bozulması ve nüfus büyümesi. Bölüm 3, bu çerçevede yoksulluk ve çevresel bozulmanın bir arada var olmasının nasıl açıklanabileceğini tartışmaktadır. Bölüm 4, yüksek gelir ve özellikle kirlilikle ilgili olmak üzere çevresel sorunlar arasındaki bağ konusunda makro düzeyde bazı kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Bölüm 5 ise özetlemekte ve sonuçlar çıkarmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, Dennis, 1992, Economic Growth and the Environment, WPS 979. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1995, 'Shifting Cultivation and "Deforestation": A Study from Indo-nesia,' World Development 23 (10).
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1996, Deforestation: Population or Market Driven? Different Approaches in Modelling of Agricultural Expansion. Working paper WP96: 9. Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute.
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1997, 'Miljøproblemer og økonomisk utvikling.' ('Environmental problems and economic development']. Lecture ('prøveforelesning') for the degree of dr.oecon., Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration (NHH), Bergen.
  • Baland, Jean-Marie, and Jean-Philippe Platteau, 1996, Halting Degradation of Natural Resources: Is there a Role for Local Communities?, Oxford: Oxford University Press (for FAO).
  • Berry, Sara, 1989, 'Social Institutions and Access to Resources', Africa 59 (1).
  • Brown, Katrina and David Pearce (eds.), 1994, The Causes of Tropical Deforestation; The Economic and Statistical Analysis of Factors Giving Rise to the Loss of Tropical Forests, London: University College London Press.
  • Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 1997, 'Verdenskommisjonen for miljø og utvikling 10 år etter. Hvor står vi i dag?' ['10 years after the World Commission for Environment and Development: Where are we today?'] Chr. Michelsen Lecture, 18 March 1997, Bergen.
  • Cårcamo, J., J. Alwang and G.W. Norton, 1994, 'On-site Economic Evaluation of Soil Conservation Practices in Honduras.' Agricultural Economics, 11.
  • Cleaver, Kevin M. and Götz A. Schreiber, 1994, Reversing the Spiral: The Population, Agriculture and Environment Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, D C: World Bank.
  • Colchester, Markus, 1994, 'Sustaining the Forests: The Community-based Approach in South and Southeast Asia', in D. Ghai (ed.), Development and Environment: Sustaining People and Nature, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers (for UNRISD). Also published in Development and Change, 25, 1994.
  • Dasgupta, Partha and Karl-Göran Måler, 1995, 'Poverty, Institutions, and the Envir-onmental Resource Base', in J. Behrman and T. N. Srinivasan (eds.), Handbook of Development Economics, Vol. Ill, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Ghimire, Krishna B., 1994, 'Parks and People: Livelihood Issues in National Parks Management in Thailand and Madagascar', in D. Ghai (ed.), Development and Environment: Sustaining People and Nature, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Black-well Publishers (for UNRISD). Also published in Development and Change, 25, 1994.
  • Grossman, Gene M. and Alan B. Krueger, 1995, 'Economic Growth and the Environ-ment', Quarterly Journal of Economics CX, 2 (May).
  • Holden, Stein, Bekele Shiferaw and Mette Wik, 1996, 'Poverty and Myopia. A Study of Time Preferences among Rural Poor', unpublished manuscript, Agricultural University of Norway.
  • Kates, R. and V. Haarmann, 1992, 'Where the Poor Live: Are the Assumptions Cor-rect?', Environment, 34.
  • Leach, Melissa and Robin Mearns, 1992, Poverty and Environment in Developing Countries: An Overview Study, Sussex: Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex.
  • Leie, Sharachchandra M., 1991, 'Sustainable Development: A Critical Review',
  • World Development, 19 (6). Lopez, Ramon, 1992, 'Environmental Degradation and Economic Openness in LDCs:
  • The Poverty Linkage', American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 74 (5). Kaimowitz, David and Arild Angelsen, 1997, A User's Guide to Economic Models of
  • Deforestation, Bogor, Indonesia: Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
  • Ostrom, Elinor, 1990, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Panayotou, T., 1993, Empirical Tests and Policy Analysis of Environmental Degradation -Different Stages of Economic Development, WPS 238, Geneva: International Labor Office.
  • Pearson, Peter J.G., 1994, 'Energy, Externalities and Environmental Quality: Will Development Cure the Ills It Creates?', Energy Studies Review, 6 (3).
  • Reardon, Thomas and Stephen A. Vosti, 1995, 'Links Between Rural Poverty and the Environment in Developing Countries: Asset Categories and Investment Poverty', World Development, 23 (9).
  • Seldon, Thomas M. and Daqing Song, 1994, 'Environmental Quality and Development: Is There a Kuznets Curve for Air Pollution Emissions?', Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 27.
  • Sen, A. 1981, Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation, Oxford: Clarion Press.
  • Shafik, Nemat, 1994, 'Economic Development and Environmental Quality: An Eco-nometric Analysis', Oxford Economic Papers, 46.
  • Shafik, Nemat and Sushenjit Bandyopadhyay, 1992, Economic Growth and Environ-mental Quality. Times Series and Cross-Country Evidence, WPS 904. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
  • Shaw, R. Paul, 1992, 'The Impact of Population Growth on Environment: The Debate Heats Up', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 12.
  • Stern, David, I., Michael S. Common and Edward B. Barbier, 1996, 'Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation: The Environmental Kuznets Curve and Sustainable Development', World Development, 24 (7).
  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 1995, Poverty and the Environment: Reconciling Short-term Needs with Long-term Sustainability Goals, Nairobi: UNEP.
  • World Bank, 1990, World Development Report: Poverty, Oxford; New York; Toronto and Melbourne: Oxford University Press for the World Bank. World Bank, 1992, World Development Report: Development and the Environment,
  • Washington, D.C.: World Bank. World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), 1987, Our Common Future, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

The Poverty—Environment Thesis: Was Brundtland Wrong?

Yıl 2016, , 0 - 0, 10.07.2016
https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.256392

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, Dennis, 1992, Economic Growth and the Environment, WPS 979. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1995, 'Shifting Cultivation and "Deforestation": A Study from Indo-nesia,' World Development 23 (10).
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1996, Deforestation: Population or Market Driven? Different Approaches in Modelling of Agricultural Expansion. Working paper WP96: 9. Bergen: Chr. Michelsen Institute.
  • Angelsen, Arild, 1997, 'Miljøproblemer og økonomisk utvikling.' ('Environmental problems and economic development']. Lecture ('prøveforelesning') for the degree of dr.oecon., Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration (NHH), Bergen.
  • Baland, Jean-Marie, and Jean-Philippe Platteau, 1996, Halting Degradation of Natural Resources: Is there a Role for Local Communities?, Oxford: Oxford University Press (for FAO).
  • Berry, Sara, 1989, 'Social Institutions and Access to Resources', Africa 59 (1).
  • Brown, Katrina and David Pearce (eds.), 1994, The Causes of Tropical Deforestation; The Economic and Statistical Analysis of Factors Giving Rise to the Loss of Tropical Forests, London: University College London Press.
  • Brundtland, Gro Harlem, 1997, 'Verdenskommisjonen for miljø og utvikling 10 år etter. Hvor står vi i dag?' ['10 years after the World Commission for Environment and Development: Where are we today?'] Chr. Michelsen Lecture, 18 March 1997, Bergen.
  • Cårcamo, J., J. Alwang and G.W. Norton, 1994, 'On-site Economic Evaluation of Soil Conservation Practices in Honduras.' Agricultural Economics, 11.
  • Cleaver, Kevin M. and Götz A. Schreiber, 1994, Reversing the Spiral: The Population, Agriculture and Environment Nexus in Sub-Saharan Africa, Washington, D C: World Bank.
  • Colchester, Markus, 1994, 'Sustaining the Forests: The Community-based Approach in South and Southeast Asia', in D. Ghai (ed.), Development and Environment: Sustaining People and Nature, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers (for UNRISD). Also published in Development and Change, 25, 1994.
  • Dasgupta, Partha and Karl-Göran Måler, 1995, 'Poverty, Institutions, and the Envir-onmental Resource Base', in J. Behrman and T. N. Srinivasan (eds.), Handbook of Development Economics, Vol. Ill, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Ghimire, Krishna B., 1994, 'Parks and People: Livelihood Issues in National Parks Management in Thailand and Madagascar', in D. Ghai (ed.), Development and Environment: Sustaining People and Nature, Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Black-well Publishers (for UNRISD). Also published in Development and Change, 25, 1994.
  • Grossman, Gene M. and Alan B. Krueger, 1995, 'Economic Growth and the Environ-ment', Quarterly Journal of Economics CX, 2 (May).
  • Holden, Stein, Bekele Shiferaw and Mette Wik, 1996, 'Poverty and Myopia. A Study of Time Preferences among Rural Poor', unpublished manuscript, Agricultural University of Norway.
  • Kates, R. and V. Haarmann, 1992, 'Where the Poor Live: Are the Assumptions Cor-rect?', Environment, 34.
  • Leach, Melissa and Robin Mearns, 1992, Poverty and Environment in Developing Countries: An Overview Study, Sussex: Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex.
  • Leie, Sharachchandra M., 1991, 'Sustainable Development: A Critical Review',
  • World Development, 19 (6). Lopez, Ramon, 1992, 'Environmental Degradation and Economic Openness in LDCs:
  • The Poverty Linkage', American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 74 (5). Kaimowitz, David and Arild Angelsen, 1997, A User's Guide to Economic Models of
  • Deforestation, Bogor, Indonesia: Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR).
  • Ostrom, Elinor, 1990, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Panayotou, T., 1993, Empirical Tests and Policy Analysis of Environmental Degradation -Different Stages of Economic Development, WPS 238, Geneva: International Labor Office.
  • Pearson, Peter J.G., 1994, 'Energy, Externalities and Environmental Quality: Will Development Cure the Ills It Creates?', Energy Studies Review, 6 (3).
  • Reardon, Thomas and Stephen A. Vosti, 1995, 'Links Between Rural Poverty and the Environment in Developing Countries: Asset Categories and Investment Poverty', World Development, 23 (9).
  • Seldon, Thomas M. and Daqing Song, 1994, 'Environmental Quality and Development: Is There a Kuznets Curve for Air Pollution Emissions?', Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 27.
  • Sen, A. 1981, Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation, Oxford: Clarion Press.
  • Shafik, Nemat, 1994, 'Economic Development and Environmental Quality: An Eco-nometric Analysis', Oxford Economic Papers, 46.
  • Shafik, Nemat and Sushenjit Bandyopadhyay, 1992, Economic Growth and Environ-mental Quality. Times Series and Cross-Country Evidence, WPS 904. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.
  • Shaw, R. Paul, 1992, 'The Impact of Population Growth on Environment: The Debate Heats Up', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 12.
  • Stern, David, I., Michael S. Common and Edward B. Barbier, 1996, 'Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation: The Environmental Kuznets Curve and Sustainable Development', World Development, 24 (7).
  • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), 1995, Poverty and the Environment: Reconciling Short-term Needs with Long-term Sustainability Goals, Nairobi: UNEP.
  • World Bank, 1990, World Development Report: Poverty, Oxford; New York; Toronto and Melbourne: Oxford University Press for the World Bank. World Bank, 1992, World Development Report: Development and the Environment,
  • Washington, D.C.: World Bank. World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), 1987, Our Common Future, Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Murat Artuç

Yayımlanma Tarihi 10 Temmuz 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi 12 Aralık 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016

Kaynak Göster

APA Artuç, M. (2016). Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?. Optimum Ekonomi Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.256392
AMA Artuç M. Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?. OEYBD. Temmuz 2016;3(2). doi:10.17541/optimum.256392
Chicago Artuç, Murat. “Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?”. Optimum Ekonomi Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 3, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2016). https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.256392.
EndNote Artuç M (01 Temmuz 2016) Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 3 2
IEEE M. Artuç, “Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?”, OEYBD, c. 3, sy. 2, 2016, doi: 10.17541/optimum.256392.
ISNAD Artuç, Murat. “Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?”. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 3/2 (Temmuz 2016). https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.256392.
JAMA Artuç M. Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?. OEYBD. 2016;3. doi:10.17541/optimum.256392.
MLA Artuç, Murat. “Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?”. Optimum Ekonomi Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 3, sy. 2, 2016, doi:10.17541/optimum.256392.
Vancouver Artuç M. Yoksulluk—Çevre Tezi: Brundtland Yanlış mıydı?. OEYBD. 2016;3(2).

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