AB’ye Üye Ülkelerde Sanayileşmenin Belirleyicileri: Dinamik Panel Veri Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 37 - 56, 01.01.2022

Özge Erdölek Kozal Gülçin Gürel Günal

https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.946057

Öz

Sanayileşme, ilk sanayi devriminden bugüne, başta Avrupa olmak üzere tüm dünyada ekonomik, politik ve sosyal dönüşümlere sebep olmuştur. 21. yüzyılda da Avrupa öncülüğünde ilan edilen yeni sanayileşme dalgasıyla da sürdürülebilir büyüme ve kalkınmanın itici gücü olarak yeniden tartışmaya açılmıştır. Bu çerçevede, son 10 yılda Avrupa Birliği’ne (AB) üye ülkelerde de yeni bölgesel politika arayışları gündeme gelmiş ve özellikle AB’nde yeniden sanayileşme için bir yol haritası ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, AB’ye üye ülkelerde sanayileşmeyi etkileyen unsurlar, 1995-2018 yılları için iki aşamalı sistem GMM yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları, AB üye ülkelerinde sermaye ve beşerî sermaye stoku, dışa açıklık, göreli gelir, enflasyon, bankalar tarafından özel sektöre sağlanan krediler, 2008 krizi gibi temel ekonomik göstergeler ile kurumsal altyapı gibi sosyoekonomik genel görünümle ilişkili olan göstergeleri sanayileşmeyi etkileyen ana unsurlar olarak ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sanayileşme, İmalat Sanayi, Avrupa Birliği, Panel Veri Analizi, Sistem GMM

Determinants of Industrialization in Member States of the European Union: Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

Öz

Since the first industrial revolution, industrialization has caused important economic, politic, and social transformations in the world, especially in Europe. With the new industrial wave leaded by Europe in the 21st century, industrialization has begun to be reconsidered as one of the main drivers of sustainable economic growth and development. In this context, in the last decade, the search for new regional policies has also been on the agenda of the EU member countries and the need for a roadmap for the re-industrialization process of the EU has emerged. Therefore, in this study, the main determinants of industrialization in EU member countries for the 1995-2018 are examined using the two-stage system GMM approach. Findings reveal that, main economic indicators such as, capital, and human capital stock, economic openness, relative income, inflation, domestic credits provided by banks to private sector, 2008 crisis and indicator that is related to socio-economic structure of the countries such as institutional background are the main factors affecting industrialization in EU.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Industrialization, Manufacturing, European Union, Panel Data Analysis, system GMM

Kaynakça

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