Investigation of the Use of Electronic Navigation Technologies by Management Level Seafarers with Technology Acceptance Model

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 29, 1928 - 1954, 30.09.2020

Murat Yorulmaz , Serdar Alnıpak

Öz

The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) reveals that actual technology use is related to behavioral intentions and this is determined by the attitude and perceived benefit in using technology. Numerous studies, which investigate the factors that affect the acceptance and use of technologies, have been conducted with many models. When these studies are evaluated, it is seen that TAM is a frequently preferred model. In addition to these, there are studies in the literature that add different variables to TAM and increase the explanatoriness of the model. In this research, the authors preferred TAM, which is accepted as a high accuracy, validity and explanation power in order to analyze the acceptance and use of the electronic navigation technologies of the ship's captain and deck officers and the factors affecting the acceptance of these technologies, and to predict the reactions to the technologies planned to be applied to the ships in the future. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to examine and reveal the factors affecting the use and acceptance of the electronic navigation technologies of the seafarers who work as managers in the ships within the scope of TAM. For the purpose of the research, the data obtained by survey method from 170 seafarers working on ships belonging to 21 international maritime shipping companies which operate in Istanbul and were analyzed with the structural equation model using SPSS 21 and AMOS 21 statistical package programmes. The findings of this study were similar to the results in the TAM literature, and it was determined that TAM was sufficient to explain the behaviors of seafarers who work at the executive level and use electronic navigation technologies. In addition, findings show that the variables in TAM explain the 28% of the change in the behaviors of ship captains and deck officers towards the use and acceptance of electronic navigation technologies

Anahtar Kelimeler

Technology Acceptance Model, Seafarers, Electronic Navigation Technologies, Ship Management.

Yönetici Düzeyindeki Gemi Adamlarının Elektronik Seyir Teknolojileri Kullanımının Teknoloji Kabul Modeli İle İncelenmesi

Öz

Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (TKM), gerçekleşen teknoloji kullanımının davranışsal niyetlerle ilişkili olduğunu ve bunun da teknolojiyi kullanma konusundaki tutum ve algılanan fayda tarafından belirlendiğini ortaya koyar. Teknolojilerin kabul ve kullanımını etkileyen faktörleri araştıran çok sayıda çalışma yapılmış ve birçok model ile incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmalar değerlendirildiğinde TKM’nin sıklıkla tercih edilen bir model olduğu görülmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra literatürde TKM’ye farklı değişkenler ilave edip modelin açıklayıcılığını artıran çalışmalar da mevcuttur. Bu araştırmada gemi kaptanı ve güverte zabitlerinin gemilerdeki elektronik seyir teknolojilerini kabul ve kullanımlarının ne durumda olduğunu ve bu teknolojilerin kabullerini etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğunu analiz etmek ve ileride gemilere uygulanması düşünülen teknolojilere verilecek tepkileri de öngörmek amacıyla literatürde doğruluğu, geçerliliği ve açıklama gücü yüksek olarak kabul edilen TKM tercih edilmiştir. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmanın amacı, gemilerde yönetici düzeyinde görev yapan gemi adamlarından kaptan ve güverte zabitlerinin elektronik seyir teknolojilerini kullanım ve kabullerini etkileyen faktörleri TKM kapsamında incelemek ve ortaya çıkartmaktır. Araştırmanın amacına yönelik olarak İstanbul merkezli ve uluslararası deniz taşımacılığı yapan 21 gemi işletmesine ait gemilerde çalışan 170 gemi adamından anket tekniği ile ulaşılan veriler, SPSS 21 ve AMOS 21 istatistiksel paket programlarıyla yapısal eşitlik modeli kullaılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz bulguları TKM literatüründe yer alan sonuçlar ile benzerlik göstermiş ve TKM’nin yönetici düzeyindeki gemi adamlarının elektronik seyir teknolojilerini kullanma davranışlarını açıklamada yeterli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra araştırma bulguları, TKM’de yer alan değişkenlerin, gemi kaptanlarının ve güverte zabitlerinin elektronik seyir teknolojilerini kullanım ve kabulüne yönelik gerçekleşen davranışlarındaki değişimin %28’ini açıkladığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teknoloji Kabul Modeli, Gemi Adamları, Elektronik Seyir Teknolojileri, Gemi Yönetimi.

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