İş Yükünün Kadınların Psikolojik Sağlığı Üzerine Etkisinde Ev İçi İş Bölümünün Düzenleyicilik Etkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 33, 193 - 220, 31.01.2021

Sevim Ünlü

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.756225

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kadınlarda iş yükü algısının psikolojik sağlık üzerindeki etkisinde ev işlerinin eşler arası dağılımının düzenleyicilik etkisini araştırmaktır. Türkiye’de 7 farklı ilde yürütülen araştırmaya farklı gelir, meslek ve eğitim düzeylerinden 814 çoklu rol sahibi (evli, çoçuk sahibi, çalışan) kadın katılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre ev içi iş bölümünün dağılımında kadınlar aleyhine belirgin bir eşitsizlik söz konusudur. Ev işlerinin eşler arası dağılımında elde edilen ortalama değer 3,91’dir (5 ev içi işlerin hepsini kadınların yaptığını, 1 ise tüm işleri erkeklerin yaptığını ifade etmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda kadınların iş yüklerini yüksek olarak algıladığı (ort: 2.4) ve ev içi iş bölümünün, örneklemin %84’ünde kadınlar aleyhine, %15’inde eşleri ile ortak ve %1’inde eşleri aleyhine dağıldığı görülmektedir. Kadınlarda iş yükü algısı psikolojik sağlık üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir. Yüksek iş yükü algısı özellikle anksiyete ve depresyon tecrübe etme riskini arttırmaktadır. Ev işlerinin dağılımı psikolojik sağlığın iki alt boyutu üzerinde p<.05 güven aralığında anlamlı etkilere (A&D üzerinde β: 0,051; SİB üzerinde ise 0,095) sahiptir. Bununla birlikte iş yükünün psikolojik sağlık üzerindeki olumsuz etkisinin ev içi işlerin dağılımındaki eşitsizliğin artmasıyla birlikte güçlendiği görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çoklu Roller, İş yükü, Ev yükü, Psikolojik Sağlık

Destekleyen Kurum

Sakarya Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeler Koordinatörlüğü, Tez Projesi

Proje Numarası

2017-60-02-001

The Effects of Workload on Women’s Psychological Health

Öz

The aim of the study is to test the effect of the workload on psychological health of women with multiple roles with moderation roles of division of household labor. 814 women with multiple roles (working married mother who are from different occupaitons, levels of income, education) from seven different cities which are located at Turkey contributed this research. According to results, the division of household labor unequally distributed against women. The average is obtained in the distribution of household is 3.91 (5 indicates that all household is done by women, 1 indicates that all household is done by men). Unequal distribution is relevant for %84 of the sample. Percieve their workload as high (mean: 2,4) and division of household labor distributed as: against women %84, equally %15, against men %1 of the sample. The workload has negative effects on psychological health. The increase in workload noteworthily increase the risk to experienece anxiety and depression. Besides the inequality in the division of household labor against women moderate the negative relation between workload and psychological health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multiple Roles, Work Overload, Domestic Labour, Mental Health

Proje Numarası

2017-60-02-001

Kaynakça

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