Investigation of Anxiety and Peritraumatic Distress Levels in Context of Various Variables through Covid-19 Outbreak: Turkey, the UK and the USA Comparison

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: Pandemi Özel Sayısı, 3221 - 3244, 30.04.2021

Eda Ermagan Caglar , Nurcan Hamzaoğlu , Yasemin Sanal , Tuğba Türk Kurtça

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.830148

Öz

The study aimed to gather socio-demographic information, compliance with personal/governmental precautionary measures from Turkish nationals (age 18 or older) reside in Turkey, the UK and the USA to investigate and compare the effects on peritraumatic distress and anxiety levels within these coun-tries. Peritraumatic Stress and Anxiety Levels are measured by Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). 70 participants from Turkey, 63 from the UK and 67 from the USA have participated in this causal-comparative study. According to the statistical analy-sis, even though there was no difference between three sample groups according to the STAI-State and PDI scores; the analysis showed that the STAI-Trait points of Turkey sample were higher than the other countries (p<.01). This study identified variables such as being a woman, living alone, trusting official statements, and positive test results from relatives or acquaintances as factors that affect anxiety level. However, these factors differ when evaluated within the scope of country-based responses. This suggests that the level of anxiety is affected more by political decisions, preventive measures and social environment rather than by common cultural characteristics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, pandemic, anxiety, peritraumatic stress, psychological impact

Covid-19 Salgın Sürecinde Kaygı ve Peri-travmatik Stres Düzeyinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Bağlamında İncelenmesi: Türkiye, İngiltere ve Amerika Karşılaştırması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye, İngiltere ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde (ABD) ikamet eden Türk vatandaşlarının (18 yaş ve üstü) sosyo-demografik bilgi ve Covid-19 salgın sürecinde hükümet ve bireylerin kendileri tarafından alınan önlemlere ilişkin algılarının alınması sonrasında; peri-travmatik stres ve kaygı düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada peri-travmatik stres ve kaygı düzeyleri Peri-travmatik Stres Envanteri ve Durumluk ve Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği ile ölçülmüştür. Söz konusu ülkelerle yapılan bu nedensel karşılaştırmalı çalışmaya Türkiye'den 70, İngiltere'den 63 ve ABD'den 67 katılımcı katılmıştır. İstatistiksel analize göre Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği ve Peritravmatik Stres Ölçeği puanlarında ülkeler arasında bir farklılık tespit edilmezken, Türkiye’deki katılımcıların Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği toplam puanlarının diğer gruplara göre yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<.01). Bu çalışma kadın olmak, yalnız yaşamak, resmi kurumların açıklamalarına güven duymak, akraba veya tanıdıkların pozitif test sonuçları gibi değişkenleri kaygı düzeyini etkileyen faktörler olarak belirlemiştir. Ancak bu faktörler ülke bazında verilen yanıtlar kapsamında değerlendirildiğinde farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu durum kaygı düzeyinin ortak kültürel özelliklerden ziyade siyasi kararlardan, önleyici tedbirlerden ve sosyal çevreden daha fazla etkilendiği düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, pandemi, anksiyete, peri-travmatik stres, psikolojik etki

Kaynakça

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