Evaluation of the Sleep Quality and Nutrition Status of Elite Athletes in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 17 Sayı: Pandemi Özel Sayısı, 3918 - 3942, 30.04.2021

Aysun Yüksel

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.909434

Cited By: 3

Öz

The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply affected the sports industry. The obligation of athletes to stay at home, restricting access to gyms or completely training/trainer, canceled organizations, uncertainty, etc. while these factors increased stress and anxiety levels, they also changed sleep and eating habits. The study was conducted with 13 professional women's volleyball team players.
Face-to-face interviews were conducted with all athletes, and scales were used to assess their general characteristics, sleep quality, stress-anxiety-depression levels, and eating habits. In addition, the athletes' 24-hour retrospective food consumption was questioned, and body composition analyses were performed. The athletes' average height is 173.62 ± 7.69 cm, and their body fat percentage is 22.46 ± 3.69 percent. Most of the athletes (53.85%) were found to have poor sleep quality. The difference between the mean total body fluid amount (kg) of those with poor and good sleep quality was found to be significant. The percentage of those who have stress, anxiety, and depression scores above normal is 38.5%, 38.5% and 46.2%, respectively. In the study, a negative correlation between sleep score and lean mass (r = -0.565 p = 0.044), muscle mass (r = -0.584 p = 0.036) and protein amount (r = -0,566 p = 0.044) was determined (p <0.05). It was determined that the maximum daily calorie intake was 1781.75 kcal, and the mean protein amount was 0.81 ± 0.22 g/kg. Precautions should be taken to avoid the pandemic's negative effects on athletes. At the same time, athletes infected with COVID-19 should have their health and athletic performance closely monitored.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, sport, nutrition, sleep quality, body composition

COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminde Elit Sporcuların Uyku Kalitesi ile Beslenme Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisi spor sektörünü derinden etkilemiştir. Sporcuların evde kalma zorunluluğu, spor salonlarına veya tümüyle antrenmana/antrenöre erişimlerinin kısıtlanması, iptal edilen organizasyonlar, belirsizlik vb. birçok faktör stres ve kaygı düzeyini artırırken, uyku ve beslenme alışkanlıklarında değişime neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, elit sporcuların uyku, stres, anksiyete ve depresyon durumlarını belirlemek, beslenme durumları ile vücut kompozisyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma 13 profesyonel kadın voleybol takımı oyuncusu ile yapılmıştır. Tüm sporcular ile yüz yüze görüşülerek genel özellikleri, uyku kalitesi, stres-anksiyete-depresyon düzeyleri ve yeme davranışları ölçekler aracılıyla belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca sporcuların 24-saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketimleri sorgulanmış, vücut kompozisyonu analizleri yapılmıştır. Sporcuların ortalama boy uzunlukları 173,62 ± 7,69 cm, vücut yağ yüzdeleri 22,46 ± 3,69’dur. Sporcuların çoğunluğunun (%53,85) kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kötü ve iyi uyku kalitesine sahip olanların toplam vücut sıvı miktarı (kg) ortalamaları arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmuştur. Stres, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri normalin üzerinde olanların oranı sırasıyla %38,5, %38,5 ve %46,2’dir. Çalışmada uyku puanının yağsız kütle (r= -,565 p= 0,044), kas kütlesi (r= -,584 p= 0,036) ve protein miktarı (r= -,566 p= 0,044) ile negatif yönlü ilişkisi belirlenmiştir (p <0.05). Günlük alınan enerjinin maksimum değerinin 1781,75 kkal, ortalama protein miktarının 0,81 ± 0,22 g/kg olduğu saptanmıştır. Sporcular için pandeminin olumsuz etkilerine yönelik önlemler alınmalıdır. Aynı zamanda COVID-19’a yakalanan sporcuların sağlıkları ve spor performansları yakından takip edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, spor, beslenme, uyku kalitesi, vücut komposizyonu

Kaynakça

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