Konteyner Limanlarında RFID Teknolojisinin Kullanımına Yönelik Bir Fayda Maliyet Analizi Çalışması

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 18 Sayı: Yönetim ve Organizasyon Özel Sayısı, 1614 - 1642, 10.07.2021

Serdar Alnıpak

https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.833607

Öz

Bilgi teknolojilerinde sürekli bir değişim ve gelişme süreci yaşanmaktadır. Bu sürecin her sektörde olduğu gibi konteyner taşımacılığı ve limanları üzerinde de etkileri bulunmaktadır. Rekabet avantajını korumayı ve müşterilerine kaliteli hizmet vermeyi amaçlayan konteyner limanları, operasyon verimliliklerini, yük ve liman güvenliklerini arttırmaya yönelik olarak bilgi teknolojilerinden yararlanmaktadır. Bu teknolojilerden en önemlilerinden birisi Radyo Frekansı Tanımlama (RFID) teknolojisidir. RFID sistemleri, radyo frekanslarını kullanarak durağan ya da hareket halinde olan canlılar ve nesneleri tekil veya çoğul halde tanımlamakta kullanılmaktadır. RFID; taşıyıcı araç, ekipman, yük ve insan bazlı olarak hem otomatik hem doğru veri toplayabilen bir teknoloji olması sebebiyle liman aktivitelerinin tamamında fayda sağlayabilmektedir. Bu teknoloji, konteyner limanlarında tanımlama, izleme ve güvenlik açısından birçok fayda sağlamaktadır. Tüm avantajları dışında dezavantajları da olan bu teknolojinin en büyük handikaplarından birisi maliyetleridir. Bu bağlamda konteyner terminalinin tüm alanlarında uygulanan, ideal yapıdaki RFID tabanlı bir sistemin ölçülebilir parametreler ile fayda-maliyet analizinin yapılarak, ilgili yatırımın ekonomikliğinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca RFID teknolojisinin konteyner terminallerinde kullanımına yönelik akademik çalışmalar azdır. Bu çalışmada, RFID teknolojisinin konteyner limanlarında kullanımı araştırılmış ve fayda-maliyet analizi yapılmıştır. Fayda-maliyet analizi için ölçülebilir parametreler çerçevesinde; RFID teknolojisini tüm süreçlerinde kullandığı varsayılan orta ölçekli bir konteyner terminali düşünülmüştür. İlgili yatırım; 3. yılda başa baş noktasına ulaşabilmektedir. Net Bugünkü Değere göre on yılın sonunda oluşan fayda-maliyet oranı 1,63 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

RFID Teknolojisi,, Konteyner Limanı, Fayda/Maliyet Analizi

A Benefit-Cost Analysis Study of Usage of RFID Technology in Container Ports

Öz

There is an ongoing process of change and development in information technologies. This process has also impacts on container transportation and ports as in every sector. Container ports which aim to provide high quality service to their customers and to maintain competitive advantage, utilize information technologies for increasing efficiency and security of cargo and port. One of the most important of these technologies is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. RFID systems use the radio frequencies and define the lively beings and/or objects, stable or moving, as singular or plural. RFID is a technology that gathers accurate and automated information in terms of vehicle, equipment and people; therefore it is of great use in port activities. This technology provides many benefits in container ports in terms of identification, monitoring and security. Out of all advantages, RFID technology has also disadvantages and costs are the biggest handicap. In this context it is important to apply benefit-cost analysis with measurable parameters for a container terminal where has been applied RFID technology to its all areas and determine the economy of related investment. In addition academic research on the use of RFID technology in container ports is poor. In this study, the use of RFID technology in container ports was investigated and cost-benefit analysis was performed. Within the framework of measurable parameters for cost-benefit analysis; a medium-sized container terminal that is assumed to use RFID technology in all its processes, is considered. Related investment can reach the breakeven point in the 3rd year. The benefit-cost ratio occurred at the end of the ten years according to the Net Present Value was found to be 1.63.

Anahtar Kelimeler

RFID Technology, Container Port, Benefit/Cost Analysis.

Kaynakça

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