Trafikte Suç Korkusu: İzmir Örneğinde Cinsiyete Dayalı Algı Farklılıklarının Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 5, 1133 - 1145

Mehmet Demirbaş , Ozan Kavsıracı , Abdullah Çelik , Niyazi Umut Akıncıoğlu , Hasan Sencer Peker

https://doi.org/10.26466/opusjsr.1741867

Öz

Bu çalışma, trafikte suç korkusuna ilişkin cinsiyet farklılıklarını incelemektedir. Trafik bağlamına özgü araştırma eksikliğini gidermek üzere 26 maddelik Trafikte Suç Korkusu Ölçeği geliştirilmiş ve İzmir’de aktif sürücülük yapan 1.505 kişi (768 kadın; 737 erkek) amaçlı ve kota örnekleme ile ulaşılarak araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi üç faktörlü yapıyı doğrulamıştır: Trafikte Algılanan Bireysel Güvensizlik, Araç Türlerine Bağlı Korku ve Zamansal-Mekânsal Güvenlik Algıları. Üç faktör toplam varyansın %79,19’unu açıklamıştır (KMO = ,973; Bartlett p < ,001). Ölçeğin tümünde (α = ,96) ve alt boyutlarında (α = ,95; ,90; ,88) güvenirlik yüksektir. Dağılımlar normal olmadığından cinsiyet karşılaştırmalarında Mann–Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Algılanan Bireysel Güvensizlik (U = 271.314, z = −1,388, p = ,165) ve Zamansal-Mekânsal Güvenlik Algıları (U = 273.649, z = −1,118, p = ,265) için anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Buna karşılık, Araç Türlerine Bağlı Korku alt boyutunda erkeklerin puanları daha yüksektir (U = 250.234, z = −3,919, p < ,001, r = ,101). Madde düzeyinde kadınlar cinsel taciz ve sözlü saldırı kaygılarını daha fazla bildirirken, erkekler kamu/ağır vasıtalar ve yaptırım-denetimin etkililiğine ilişkin kaygılarda daha yüksek puanlar vermiştir. Bulgular, “hareketli kamusal mekân” olarak trafik bağlamında cinsiyete bağlı tehdit algılarının alt boyutlara göre farklılaştığını göstermekte ve hem kişilerarası risklere hem de araç/strüktürel risklere duyarlı politikaların gerekliliğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Suç Korkusu , Toplumsal Cinsiyet , Trafik Güvenliği , Sürücü Algısı , Ölçek Geliştirme

Proje Numarası

01/2024-A

Fear of Crime in Traffic: An Analysis of Gender-Based Perceptual Differences in the Case of İzmir

Öz

This study examines gender differences in fear of crime within traffic settings. To address the scarcity of traffic-specific research, we developed a 26-item Fear of Crime in Traffic Scale and surveyed 1,505 active drivers in İzmir (768 women; 737 men) using purposive and quota sampling. Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure—Perceived Individual Insecurity in Traffic, Fear Related to Vehicle Types, and Spatio-Temporal Perceptions of Safety—explaining 79.19% of the variance (KMO = .973; Bartlett p < .001). Reliability was high for the total scale (α = .96) and strong across subdimensions (α = .95, .90, .88). Given non-normal distributions, gender comparisons employed Mann–Whitney U tests. No significant gender differences emerged for Perceived Individual Insecurity (U = 271,314, z = −1.388, p = .165) or Spatio-Temporal Perceptions of Safety (U = 273,649, z = −1.118, p = .265). However, men scored higher on Fear Related to Vehicle Types (U = 250,234, z = −3.919, p < .001, r = .101). Item-level patterns indicate women report greater concern about sexual harassment and verbal abuse, while men report higher concerns tied to public/heavy vehicles and the perceived effectiveness of enforcement. These results nuance the gender–fear literature by showing that, in “mobile public spaces” like traffic, gendered threat perceptions vary by subdimension. The findings inform transportation safety by highlighting the need for gender-sensitive interventions that address both interpersonal risks and vehicle/structural risks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fear of Crime , Gender , Traffic Safety , Driver Perception , Scale Development

Destekleyen Kurum

Turkish National Police Academy

Proje Numarası

01/2024-A

Kaynakça

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