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Hemodiyaliz hastalarında okült hepatit B ve hepatit C enfeksiyonu sıklığı

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 174 - 178, 01.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.324840

Öz


Amaç: 
Hepatit B virüsü (HBV) ve Hepatit C virüsü (HCV)  diyaliz ünitelerinde  sıklıkla bulaşabilen  virüslerdendir.   Okült HBV veya HCV enfeksiyonu  serumda 
HBsAg  veya anti-HCV saptanamayan
kişilerdeki  HBV veya HCV enfeksiyonunun varlığının kan veya karaciğer dokusunda
moleküler yöntemlerle (HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA ile) gösterilmesidir.  Bu çalışmada hemodiyalize giren, HBV ve HCV
seronegatif hemodiyaliz hastalarına ait plazma örneklerinde  HBV-DNA 
ve  HCV-RNA   tayini ile okült  HBV ya da HCV enfeksiyonu sıklığının
araştırılması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya hemodiyalize
giren, HBV ve HCV göstergeleri (HBsAg, HBcIgG ve IgM , Anti-HCV) negatif olan
121 erişkin hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar hemodiyaliz süresi, kan transfüzyonu
öyküsü, ailede hepatit B ve C enfeksiyonu varlığı açısından sorgulandı.
Hastalardan alınan plazma  örneklerinde
HBV-DNA ve HCV-RNA varlığı COBAS® TaqMan® 48 Analyzer  (for automated real-time PCR amplification
and detection)   kullanılarak   COBAS Taqman
kitleri  ( Cobas Taqman HBV v.2  ve HCV v.2 
Roche, US)  kiti ile   kantitatif 
olarak  araştırıldı. . 

Bulgular: Toplam 121 hemodiyaliz
hastasının 1’inde (%0.82) HCV-RNA pozitifliği saptanırken (138.000 IU/ml ), 10(%8.2)’unda   HBV-DNA saptanabilir düzeyde idi.  HBV-DNA saptanan 10 plasma örneğinin  7 (%70)’sinde HBV-DNA düzeyi < 6IU/ml  iken  3
(%30)’ünde HBV-DNA düzeyi > 6IU/ml olarak bulundu. HBV-DNA düzeyi > 6
IU/ml olan 3 hastaya ait HBV-DNA miktarları 
108 IU/ml, 157.000.000 IU/ml ve 72.5 IU/ml olarak saptandı.







Sonuç: Çalışmamızda Hepatit B ve C yönünden serolojik göstergeleri negatif olan
hemodiyaliz hastalarında okült hepatit B enfeksiyonu sıklığı okült hepatit C
enfeksiyonundan yaklaşık 10 kat daha fazla oranda saptandı. Serumda, veya
karaciğerde HBV DNA veya HCV RNA pozitifliği hemodiyaliz ünitelerinde
potansiyel bulaş kaynağıdır. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında HBV veya HCV’ye
bağlı  okült hepatit varlığı  diğer hastalara ve sağlık personeline bulaş
olasılığı ve böbrek naklinden sonra hastalarda özellikle hepatit reaktivasyonu veya  kronik karaciğer hastalığı gelişmesi
açısından önemlidir. Bu nedenle özellikle transplantasyon planlanan hemodiyaliz
hastalarında okült hepatit varlığı moleküler yöntemlerle araştırılmasının
yararlı olacağı görüşündeyiz.


Kaynakça

  • 1. Kasapoğlu B, Türkay C. Okült (OCCULT) Hepatit B Enfeksiyonu. Güncel Gastroentereoloji. Haziran 2007:11;51-6.
  • 2. Gutierrez-Garcia ML, Conrado M Rodriguez F, Navarro JL, Garcia IB. Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;28:1538–42.
  • 3. Hu KQ Occult hepatitis B virus infection and its clinical implications. J Viral Hep 2002; 9: 243-57.
  • 4. Barril G, Castillo I, Arenas MD, et al. Occult hepatitis C virus infection among hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19:2288-92.
  • 5. Kwak MS, Kim YJ. Occult hepatitis B virus infection. World j Hepatol. 2014; 27;6:860-9.
  • 6. Hu LP, Liu DP, Chen QY, et al. Occult HBV infection may be transmitted through close contact and manifest as an overt infection. PLoS One. 2015;12;10.1371-83.
  • 7. Eslamifar A, Ramezani A, Ehteram H, et al. Occult hepatitis C virus infection in Iranian hemodialysis patients. J Nephropathol. 2015;4:116-20.
  • 8. Grabarczyk P, Kopacz A, Sulkowska E, et al. Blood donors screening for blood born viruses in Poland. Przeql epidemiol. 2015;69:473-7.
  • 9. Sav T, Gursoy S, Torun E, et al. Occult HBV infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail. 2010;32:74-7. 10. Helaly GF, El Ghazzawi EF, Shawky SM, Farag FM. Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt. J Infect Public Health. 2015;8:562-9.
  • 11. Mandour M, Nemr N, Shehata A, Kishk R, Badran D, Hawass N.A. Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview. Rev soc Bras Med Trop.2015 ;48:258-64.
  • 12. Katayama K, Sato T, Do SH, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Japan: Prevalence, incidence and occult hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatol Res 2015.
  • 13. Apica BS, Seremba E, Rule J, Yuan HJ, Lee WM. High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population.cJ Med Virol. 2015.
  • 14. Oluyinka OO, Tong HV, Bui Tien S, et al. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Nigerian blood donors and hepatitis B virus transmission risks. PloS One. 2015;6;10.
  • 15. Brechot C, Thiers V, Kremsdorf D, et al. Persistent hepatitis B virüs infection in subjects without hepatitis B surface antigen: clinically significant or purely ‘occult’? Hepatology 2001;34:194-203.

Frequency of occult hepatitis B and C infections in hemodialysis patients

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 174 - 178, 01.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.21601/ortadogutipdergisi.324840

Öz

Aim: Hepatitis B (HBV) virus and
Hepatitis C virus (HCV ) are commonly transmitted viruses in dialysis units.
Occult HBV or HCV infections are HBV or HCV infections in patients when HBs Ag
or anti-HCV is not detected in serum. In this study, it was aimed to detect HBV
DNA and HCV RNA in plasma samples belonging to hemodialysis patients who are
seronegative for HBV and HCV and to investigate frequency of occult HBV or HCV
infections.

Material and Method: 121 adult patients
who are receiving hemodialysis and whose HBV and HCV indicators (HBsAg, HBcIgG and
IgM, Anti-HCV) are negative were included in the study. Presence of HBV-DNA and
HCV-RNA in plasma samples of patients was investigated by using COBAS® TaqMan®
48 Analyzer (for automated real-time PCR amplification and detection) in a
quantitative fashion with COBAS Taqman kits (Cobas Taqman HBV v.2 and HCV v.2
Roche, USA)

Results: In 1 out of 121 hemodialysis
patients (0.82%), HCV-RNA level was detected as 138.000 IU/ml, in 10 out of 121
hemodialysis patients (8.2%) HBV-DNA was at detectable level. While in 7 of 10
plasma samples (70%) in which HBV-DNA was detected, HBV-DNA level was <
6IU/ml, in 3 of 10 plasma samples (30%) HBV-DNA level was found as >6IU/ml.
HBV-DNA amounts belonging to 3 patients whose HBV-DNA level was >6 IU/ml
were found as 108 IU/ml, 157.000.000 IU/ml and 72.5 IU/ml.

Conclusion: It was found out that in
hemodialysis patients whose serologic indicators for Hepatitis B and C are
negative, occult Hepatitis B infection is seen 10 times more frequently than
Hepatitis C infection. Positive demonstration of HBV-DNA or HCV-RNA in serum or
liver is potentially seen in hemodialysis units. Incidence of occult hepatitis
due to HBV or HCV in hemodialysis patients is of significant importance in
terms of the probability of its transmission to other patients and healthcare
staff and development of especially hepatitis reactivation or chronic liver
disease in patients after kidney transplant.









For this reason,
we believe it would be particularly useful to investigate the presence of
occult hepatitis by molecular methods in hemodialysis patients  especially scheduled for transplantation.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Kasapoğlu B, Türkay C. Okült (OCCULT) Hepatit B Enfeksiyonu. Güncel Gastroentereoloji. Haziran 2007:11;51-6.
  • 2. Gutierrez-Garcia ML, Conrado M Rodriguez F, Navarro JL, Garcia IB. Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2011;28:1538–42.
  • 3. Hu KQ Occult hepatitis B virus infection and its clinical implications. J Viral Hep 2002; 9: 243-57.
  • 4. Barril G, Castillo I, Arenas MD, et al. Occult hepatitis C virus infection among hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19:2288-92.
  • 5. Kwak MS, Kim YJ. Occult hepatitis B virus infection. World j Hepatol. 2014; 27;6:860-9.
  • 6. Hu LP, Liu DP, Chen QY, et al. Occult HBV infection may be transmitted through close contact and manifest as an overt infection. PLoS One. 2015;12;10.1371-83.
  • 7. Eslamifar A, Ramezani A, Ehteram H, et al. Occult hepatitis C virus infection in Iranian hemodialysis patients. J Nephropathol. 2015;4:116-20.
  • 8. Grabarczyk P, Kopacz A, Sulkowska E, et al. Blood donors screening for blood born viruses in Poland. Przeql epidemiol. 2015;69:473-7.
  • 9. Sav T, Gursoy S, Torun E, et al. Occult HBV infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail. 2010;32:74-7. 10. Helaly GF, El Ghazzawi EF, Shawky SM, Farag FM. Occult hepatitis B virus infection among chronic hemodialysis patients in Alexandria, Egypt. J Infect Public Health. 2015;8:562-9.
  • 11. Mandour M, Nemr N, Shehata A, Kishk R, Badran D, Hawass N.A. Occult HBV infection status among chronic hepatitis C and hemodialysis patients in Northeastern Egypt: regional and national overview. Rev soc Bras Med Trop.2015 ;48:258-64.
  • 12. Katayama K, Sato T, Do SH, et al. Hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients in Japan: Prevalence, incidence and occult hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatol Res 2015.
  • 13. Apica BS, Seremba E, Rule J, Yuan HJ, Lee WM. High prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in an African urban population.cJ Med Virol. 2015.
  • 14. Oluyinka OO, Tong HV, Bui Tien S, et al. Occult hepatitis B virus infection in Nigerian blood donors and hepatitis B virus transmission risks. PloS One. 2015;6;10.
  • 15. Brechot C, Thiers V, Kremsdorf D, et al. Persistent hepatitis B virüs infection in subjects without hepatitis B surface antigen: clinically significant or purely ‘occult’? Hepatology 2001;34:194-203.
Toplam 14 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma makaleleri
Yazarlar

Neziha Yılmaz

Aydın Çifci

Mehmet Balcı Bu kişi benim

Salih Cesur

Seda Sabah Özcan Bu kişi benim

S. Süha Şen Bu kişi benim

Reyhan Öztürk Bu kişi benim

Çiğdem Kader Bu kişi benim

Hasan Irmak Bu kişi benim

Mehmet İbiş Bu kişi benim

Laser Sanal Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Yılmaz N, Çifci A, Balcı M, Cesur S, Sabah Özcan S, Şen SS, Öztürk R, Kader Ç, Irmak H, İbiş M, Sanal L. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında okült hepatit B ve hepatit C enfeksiyonu sıklığı. otd. 2018;10(2):174-8.

e-ISSN: 2548-0251

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