Nüfuz Edilmiş Ortadoğu’da Türk Modeli (ve Ötesi): Uluslararası Prestij-Ulusal Otorite Bağlantısı

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 119 - 142, 15.07.2016

Emre İşeri Oğuz Dilek

Öz

Arap Ayaklanmaları’nın ortaya çıktığı bir dönemde, Müslüman nüfusu, başarılı ekonomik kalkınması ve olgunlaşmakta olan demokratik düzeniyle, bölge halklarının kendi demokratik geçiş süreçlerinde izinde ilerleyebilecekleri bir ülke olarak gözler Türkiye’ye çevrilmiştir. Bununla beraber; Türkiye modelinin bölgeyi, Johan Galtung’un deyimiyle, bir ‘pozitif barış’ ortamına dönüştürmek noktasındaki başarısı, büyük oranda Ankara’nın aşağıda belirtilen M. Pyrs’in ‘bölgesel aktörlük’ (regional powerhood) tipolojilerinden hangisini takip edeceğine bağlıdır: bölgesel bağlantısız (detached), bölgesel egemen (dominant) veya bölgesel hegemon. Bu bilgiler ışığında, bu çalışma Türkiye‘nin ancak dahili otoritenin demokratik yollarla tesisi durumunda uluslararası itibar sahibi olup, bölgesel hegemon statüsünü kazanacabileceğini tartışmaktadır. Bu şartın gerçekleşmesi durumunda Türkiye; Ortadoğu ile Avrupa arasında –demokrasi, insan hakları ve hukukun üstünlüğü gibiyeni normatif bağlar yaratma konusunda başarılı olmayı umabilir ve bu sayede ‘nüfuz edilmiş’ Ortadoğu’da bölgesel hegemon olarak ‘pozitif barışın’ hasıl olduğu istikrarı getirebilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, Ortadoğu, Pozitif Barış, Demokrasi, Bölgesel Güç, Otorite, İtibar, Model

Beyond a Turkish Model in Transforming the Penetrated Middle East: The Nexus of Domestic Authority and International Prestige

Öz

At a time of Arab uprisings, many set their eyes on Muslim populated Turkey with its successful economic development and nascent democratic political order, as what the peoples of the region can proceed along in their own transition to democracy. Nevertheless, to what extent Turkey’s model will bear success in transforming the region into a ‘positive peace’ environment , to use the term of Johan Galtung, will highly rely on which of the following ‘regional powerhood’ Ankara will come to pursue: regionally detached, regional dominant or regional hegemon , coining M.Pyrs’ typology. Against this backdrop, this article mainly argues that if only Turkey fills into status of a regional hegemon with the acquisition of the elements of domestic authority and international prestige, Turkey may hope to succeed in creating new normative ties - democracy, human rights, the rule of law, etc. - between Europe and the Middle East, thereby, fostering ‘positive peace’ and stability in the ‘penetrated region’ as regional hegemon

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, Middle East, Positive Peace, Democracy, Regional Powerhood, Authority, Prestige, Model

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