TRUMAN DOCTRINE AT 70: TURKEY AND THE COLD WAR

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 102 - 135, 01.07.2016

Kaan Kutlu Ataç

Öz

After the end of the Second World War there were political and economic pressures causing President Truman’s foreign policy towards more forceful stand against the USSR. This was a action away from the direction taken by the traditional US policies. Negotiation and co-operation were no longer seen as productive tools of dealing with the wartime alliance Moscow. Truman’s actions were aimed at restricting the USSR power and influence. In February 1947, the British announced the ending of British military and financial support for both Greece and Turkey. Washington feared with the international communism would have a significant gains in the Near East swiftly adopted a new foreign policy. The main feture of this new approach was the Truman Doctrine announced on 12 March 1947. The Truman Doctrine was mainly a response to the political and social upheaval taking place in Greece and Turkey. The Doctrine was a decisive turning point in the origins of the Cold War. After this announcement, the foreign policy of the USA took a more militant character in the containment of what was perceived as Soviet-communist expansionism

Anahtar Kelimeler

President Truman, Truman Doctrine, USSR, international communism, Cold War, Turkey, Greece.

70. YILINDA TRUMAN DOKTRİNİ: TÜRKİYE VE SOĞUK SAVAŞ

Öz

İkinci Dünya savaşı sonrasında Başkan Truman siyasi ve ekonomik zorluklar sonucunda Amerikan dış politikasında Sovyetler Birliği’ne karşı yürütülen mücadelede daha güçlü bir duruş sergilemek zorunda kalmıştı. Washington, savaş dönemi müttefiki Moskova’yla müzakere ve işbirliğini artık uygun siyasi araç olarak görmüyordu. Truman’ın amacı Sovyetler Birliği’nin gücünü ve etkisini sınırlandırmaktı. Şubat 1947’de İngiltere, siyasi ve ekonomik sıkıntılarla boğuşan Yunanistan ve Türkiye’ye askeri ve ekonomik yardımı sonlandıracağını bildirdi. Yakın Doğu’da Sovyet etkisinin artacağından endişe eden Truman yönetimi 12 Mart 1947’de Truman Doktrinini ilan etti. Doktrin, Soğuk Savaş’ın önemli kilometre taşlarından biri oldu. Doktrinin ilanı Sovyet-komünist yayılmacılığının çevrelenmesi siyasetinde askerî niteliklerin ön plana çıkmasına neden oldu

Anahtar Kelimeler

Başkan Truman, Truman Doktrini, Sovyetler Birliği, uluslararası komünizm, Soğuk Savaş, Türkiye, Yunanistan.

Kaynakça

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