Öz
The research can be considered in the framework of legal and political anthropology and the study topic centres around the effects of an alliance between Saudi ‘ulamā’ (the religious scholars) and ’umarā’ (the political leaders) in contemporary Saudi Arabia. The objective of paper is to investigate to what extend the Wahhabī interpreted religious discourses are used to shape the political atmosphere of todays’ Kingdom. The paper will explain in more detail the continuing relationship between the ’ulamā’ and ’umarā’ in the light of the Wahhābī doctrine of siyāsa shar‘iyya (a fundamental legal doctrine that establishes the relationship between the regime and its subjects in an Islamic state), while focusing on the historical ebbs and flows between the ’ulamā’ and ’umarā’.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Saudi Arabia political authority (’umarā’) religious authority (‘ulamā’) Islamic law
Kaynakça
- Apaydın, H. Yunus. “Siyāset-i Şer‘iyye.” TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi 37 (2009): 299-304.
- Al-Atawneh, Muhammad. “Is Saudi Arabia a Theocracy? Religion and Governance in Contemporary Saudi Arabia.” Middle Eastern Studies 45, no. 5 (September 2009): 721-737.
- —. Wahhābī Islam Facing the Challenges of Modernity, Dār al-Iftā in the Modern Saudi State. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
- Al-Rasheed, Madawi. A History of Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
- —. A Most Masculine State: Gender, Politics and Religion in Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
- —. Contesting the Saudi State: Islamic Voices from a New Generation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Al-Sīsī, Fahd ibn Maḥmūd bin Aḥmad. “Makānat al-‘Urf fī al-Sharī‘ati al-Islāmiyyet wa Athāruhū fī Sinni al-Inẓimati fī Mamlakat al-Arabiyya al-Su‘ūdiyya.” Master thesis, Kulliyya al-Shar‘iyya fī al-Jāmi‘a al-Islāmiyya, 2009.
- Büyükkara, Mehmet Ali. Ihvan’dan Cuheymān’a Suudi Arabistan ve Vehhabilik. İstanbul: Klasik, 2018.
- Eijk, Esther van. “Sharī‘a and National Law in Saudi Arabia.” In Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal System of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present, edited by Jan Michiel Otto, 139-180. Amsterdam: Leiden University Press, 2010.
- Fandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.
- Ibn Taymiyya, Ahmad Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥalīm. Al-Siyāsa al-Sharriyya fī Iṣlāḥi al-Rā‘ī wa al-Ra‘iyya. Riyadh: Wezārat al-Shu’ūn al-Islāmiyya wa al-Da‘wa wa al-Irshād al-Su‘ūdiyya, 1988.
- “Ministerial Statement of 6 November 1962 by Prime Minister Amir Faysal of Saudi Arabia.” Middle East Journal 17, no. 1/2 (1963): 161- 162.
- Mouline, Nabil. The Clerics of Islam: Religious Authority and Political Power in Saudi Arabia. Translated by Ethan S. Rundell. London: Yale University Press, 2014.
- Vogel, Frank E. Islamic Law and Legal System: Studies of Saudi Arabia. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
- Yakar, Emine Enise. “The Influential Role of the Practice of Iftā’ in Saudi-Politico-Legal Arena.” Manchester Journal of Islamic Law and Practice 16, no. 1 (2020): 35-61.
- Yakar, Sümeyra. “Maha A. Z. Yamani. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading, UK: Ithaca Press, 2008, 275 pages.” Marmara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 57 (2019):117-119.
- —. “The Usage of Custom in the Contemporary Legal System of Saudi Arabia: Divorce on Trial.” Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 6, no. 11 (2019): 371-394.
- Yamani, Maha A. Z. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading: Ithaca, 2008.
- Ansary, Abdullah F. “A Brief Overview of the Saudi Arabian Legal System.” in Hauser of Global Law school Program. August 2015, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Saudi_Arabia1.html.
- Basic Law of Governance.” accessed October 25, 2020 https://www.saudiembassy.net/basic-law-governance.
- Hubbard, Ben. “Saudi King Rewrites Succession, Replacing Heir with Son, 31.” 21 June 2017, The New York Times, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-crown-prince-mohammed-bin-salman.html
Öz
Günümüz Suudi Arabistan devletinde, ulema (dini alimler) ve umera (politik yöneticiler) arasındaki bağlantı ve bu bağlantının etkisinin araştırıldığı bu makale hukuk ve politik antropoloji alanı içerisine giren bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın temel konusu, Vahhabi anlayışına dayanan dini yorumların, günümüz Suudi Arabistan Krallığı’ndaki politik atmosfere olan etkilerini, alim ve yöneticiler arasındaki sembolik bağlantıyla analiz ederek açıklamaktır. Çalışma, ulema ve umera arasındaki güçlü ilişkide meydana gelen olumlu ve olumsuz tarihsel dönemlere odaklanarak, Suudi Arabistan’da hâkim olan Vahhabi anlayışıyla bağlantılı siyas-i şerriyye doktrininin devlet tarafından kullanımını örneklerle göstermektedir. Suudi Arabistan’ın kendine özgü siyas-i şerriyye anlayışında yönetim, yöneten ve yönetilenler arasındaki ilişkinin kuralları İslami temeller üzerine kurulmuştur ve bu bağlamda dini otorite ile politik otorite arasında iç içe geçmiş hiyerarşik bir güç yapısı bulunmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Suudi Arabistan politik otorite (’umarā’) dini otorite (‘ulamā’) İslam hukuku
Kaynakça
- Apaydın, H. Yunus. “Siyāset-i Şer‘iyye.” TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi 37 (2009): 299-304.
- Al-Atawneh, Muhammad. “Is Saudi Arabia a Theocracy? Religion and Governance in Contemporary Saudi Arabia.” Middle Eastern Studies 45, no. 5 (September 2009): 721-737.
- —. Wahhābī Islam Facing the Challenges of Modernity, Dār al-Iftā in the Modern Saudi State. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
- Al-Rasheed, Madawi. A History of Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
- —. A Most Masculine State: Gender, Politics and Religion in Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
- —. Contesting the Saudi State: Islamic Voices from a New Generation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Al-Sīsī, Fahd ibn Maḥmūd bin Aḥmad. “Makānat al-‘Urf fī al-Sharī‘ati al-Islāmiyyet wa Athāruhū fī Sinni al-Inẓimati fī Mamlakat al-Arabiyya al-Su‘ūdiyya.” Master thesis, Kulliyya al-Shar‘iyya fī al-Jāmi‘a al-Islāmiyya, 2009.
- Büyükkara, Mehmet Ali. Ihvan’dan Cuheymān’a Suudi Arabistan ve Vehhabilik. İstanbul: Klasik, 2018.
- Eijk, Esther van. “Sharī‘a and National Law in Saudi Arabia.” In Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal System of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present, edited by Jan Michiel Otto, 139-180. Amsterdam: Leiden University Press, 2010.
- Fandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.
- Ibn Taymiyya, Ahmad Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥalīm. Al-Siyāsa al-Sharriyya fī Iṣlāḥi al-Rā‘ī wa al-Ra‘iyya. Riyadh: Wezārat al-Shu’ūn al-Islāmiyya wa al-Da‘wa wa al-Irshād al-Su‘ūdiyya, 1988.
- “Ministerial Statement of 6 November 1962 by Prime Minister Amir Faysal of Saudi Arabia.” Middle East Journal 17, no. 1/2 (1963): 161- 162.
- Mouline, Nabil. The Clerics of Islam: Religious Authority and Political Power in Saudi Arabia. Translated by Ethan S. Rundell. London: Yale University Press, 2014.
- Vogel, Frank E. Islamic Law and Legal System: Studies of Saudi Arabia. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
- Yakar, Emine Enise. “The Influential Role of the Practice of Iftā’ in Saudi-Politico-Legal Arena.” Manchester Journal of Islamic Law and Practice 16, no. 1 (2020): 35-61.
- Yakar, Sümeyra. “Maha A. Z. Yamani. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading, UK: Ithaca Press, 2008, 275 pages.” Marmara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 57 (2019):117-119.
- —. “The Usage of Custom in the Contemporary Legal System of Saudi Arabia: Divorce on Trial.” Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 6, no. 11 (2019): 371-394.
- Yamani, Maha A. Z. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading: Ithaca, 2008.
- Ansary, Abdullah F. “A Brief Overview of the Saudi Arabian Legal System.” in Hauser of Global Law school Program. August 2015, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Saudi_Arabia1.html.
- Basic Law of Governance.” accessed October 25, 2020 https://www.saudiembassy.net/basic-law-governance.
- Hubbard, Ben. “Saudi King Rewrites Succession, Replacing Heir with Son, 31.” 21 June 2017, The New York Times, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-crown-prince-mohammed-bin-salman.html
Öz
المملكة العربية السعودية اليوم، وتأثير هذه العلاقة. وهي دراسة تدخل في مجال القانون والأنثروبولوجيا
السياسية. الموضوع الرئيس للدراسة؛ هو شرح آثار التفسيرات الدينية القائمة على المنهج الوهابي
على المناخ السياسي في دولة المملكة العربية السعودية اليوم، من خلال تحليل العلاقة الرمزية بين
العلماء والمسؤولين. وتركز هذه الدراسة على الفترات التاريخية الإيجابية والسلبية التي تحدث في
العلاقة القوية بين العلماء والأمراء، وتوضح استخدام الدولة لعقيدة السياسة الشرعية المرتبطة بالمنهج
الوهابي السائد في المملكة العربية السعودية، لترسيخ النظام وفق السياسة الشرعية بمفهومها الخاص
بالمملكة العربية السعودية، لتستند فيه قواعد العلاقة بين الحاكم والمحكوم على الأسس الإسلامية، وفي
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Apaydın, H. Yunus. “Siyāset-i Şer‘iyye.” TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi 37 (2009): 299-304.
- Al-Atawneh, Muhammad. “Is Saudi Arabia a Theocracy? Religion and Governance in Contemporary Saudi Arabia.” Middle Eastern Studies 45, no. 5 (September 2009): 721-737.
- —. Wahhābī Islam Facing the Challenges of Modernity, Dār al-Iftā in the Modern Saudi State. Leiden: Brill, 2010.
- Al-Rasheed, Madawi. A History of Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
- —. A Most Masculine State: Gender, Politics and Religion in Saudi Arabia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
- —. Contesting the Saudi State: Islamic Voices from a New Generation. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Al-Sīsī, Fahd ibn Maḥmūd bin Aḥmad. “Makānat al-‘Urf fī al-Sharī‘ati al-Islāmiyyet wa Athāruhū fī Sinni al-Inẓimati fī Mamlakat al-Arabiyya al-Su‘ūdiyya.” Master thesis, Kulliyya al-Shar‘iyya fī al-Jāmi‘a al-Islāmiyya, 2009.
- Büyükkara, Mehmet Ali. Ihvan’dan Cuheymān’a Suudi Arabistan ve Vehhabilik. İstanbul: Klasik, 2018.
- Eijk, Esther van. “Sharī‘a and National Law in Saudi Arabia.” In Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal System of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present, edited by Jan Michiel Otto, 139-180. Amsterdam: Leiden University Press, 2010.
- Fandy, Mamoun. Saudi Arabia and the Politics of Dissent. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.
- Ibn Taymiyya, Ahmad Ibn 'Abd al-Ḥalīm. Al-Siyāsa al-Sharriyya fī Iṣlāḥi al-Rā‘ī wa al-Ra‘iyya. Riyadh: Wezārat al-Shu’ūn al-Islāmiyya wa al-Da‘wa wa al-Irshād al-Su‘ūdiyya, 1988.
- “Ministerial Statement of 6 November 1962 by Prime Minister Amir Faysal of Saudi Arabia.” Middle East Journal 17, no. 1/2 (1963): 161- 162.
- Mouline, Nabil. The Clerics of Islam: Religious Authority and Political Power in Saudi Arabia. Translated by Ethan S. Rundell. London: Yale University Press, 2014.
- Vogel, Frank E. Islamic Law and Legal System: Studies of Saudi Arabia. Leiden: Brill, 2000.
- Yakar, Emine Enise. “The Influential Role of the Practice of Iftā’ in Saudi-Politico-Legal Arena.” Manchester Journal of Islamic Law and Practice 16, no. 1 (2020): 35-61.
- Yakar, Sümeyra. “Maha A. Z. Yamani. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading, UK: Ithaca Press, 2008, 275 pages.” Marmara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 57 (2019):117-119.
- —. “The Usage of Custom in the Contemporary Legal System of Saudi Arabia: Divorce on Trial.” Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 6, no. 11 (2019): 371-394.
- Yamani, Maha A. Z. Polygamy and Law in Contemporary Saudi Arabia. Reading: Ithaca, 2008.
- Ansary, Abdullah F. “A Brief Overview of the Saudi Arabian Legal System.” in Hauser of Global Law school Program. August 2015, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Saudi_Arabia1.html.
- Basic Law of Governance.” accessed October 25, 2020 https://www.saudiembassy.net/basic-law-governance.
- Hubbard, Ben. “Saudi King Rewrites Succession, Replacing Heir with Son, 31.” 21 June 2017, The New York Times, accessed October 25, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-crown-prince-mohammed-bin-salman.html
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Ocak 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1 |
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