Bir Dünya İmparatorluğunun Evini Yeniden Düşünmek: İslam Estetiği Bağlamında Topkapı Sarayı

Yıl 2026, Sayı: 28, 51 - 93, 15.03.2026

Emine Filiz Kolmek

https://doi.org/10.21021/osmed.1708953

https://izlik.org/JA93PC22BT

Öz

Bu makale, yaklaşık 400 yıl boyunca Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda “devlet evi” olarak işlev gören Topkapı Sarayı’nın mekânsal organizasyonu ve tasarım tercihleri üzerinde İslam ilkelerinin etkisini incelemektedir. Saray, devlet dairelerinden ibadethanelere, medreselerden kütüphanelere, köşklerden kabul salonlarına kadar çeşitli işlevlere hizmet eden yapıların oluşturduğu bir komplekstir. Ancak, bütüncül bir değerlendirme yapıldığında, Osmanlı Devleti ve Sultanı’nın ikametgâhı olarak işlev görmüştür. Bu çalışma, İslam inancının kaynaklarından olan Kur’an-ı Kerim ve Hadis-i Şeriflere referansla, İslam'daki hane estetiğini ele almakta ve bir evin sahip olması gereken şartlar olarak tanımlanabilecek bu ilkelerin sarayın mimarî teşkilatına nasıl yansıdığını incelemektedir. Saray; mahremiyet, mekânsal boyutlar (genişlik-yükseklik), tevazu/sadelik, esneklik (seyyâliyet), maneviyat ( İslamî hayatı destekleme) ve kıbleye yönelme gibi ölçütler üzerinden değerlendirilecektir. Bu çalışma, İslami hane ilkeleri ile imparatorluk saray mimarisi arasındaki ilişkiye dair yeni bir bakış açısı sunarak Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun estetik ve kültürel mirasına dair anlayışımızı derinleştirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Topkapı Sarayı , Osmanlı saray mimarisi , İslam estetiği , Osmanlı kültürel mirası

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu; çalışmanın hazırlık, veri toplama, analiz ve bilgilerin sunumu olmak üzere tüm aşamalarından bilimsel etik ilke ve kurallarına uygun davrandığımı; bu çalışma kapsamında elde edilmeyen tüm veri ve bilgiler için kaynak gösterdiğimi ve bu kaynaklara kaynakçada yer verdiğimi; kullanılan verilerde herhangi bir değişiklik yapmadığımı, çalışmanın Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)' in tüm şartlarını ve koşullarını kabul ederek etik görev ve sorumluluklara riayet ettiğimi beyan ederim. Herhangi bir zamanda, çalışmayla ilgili yaptığım bu beyana aykırı bir durumun saptanması durumunda, ortaya çıkacak tüm ahlaki ve hukuki sonuçlara razı olduğumu bildiririm.

Revisiting the House of a World Empire in the Light of Household Aesthetics of Islam: The Case of Topkapi Palace

https://izlik.org/JA93PC22BT

Öz

This essay examines the impact of Islamic principles on the spatial organization and preferences of Topkapi Palace, which functioned as the "state house" of the Sultan for approximately 400 years. Although the Palace is a complex of buildings serving diverse functions—ranging from state offices and places of worship to madrasas, libraries, mansions, and reception halls—when evaluated collectively, it was the residence of the Ottoman state and its Sultan. By referencing the Quran and the hadiths of Prophet Mohammed, the two pillars of Islamic doctrine, this essay explores the household aesthetics in Islam, which define the conditions for a house, and how these principles influenced the spatial organization of the palace. In light of the Qur’an and Sunnah, the Palace will be evaluated based on privacy, spatial dimensions (width-height), humility/ simplicity, flexibility (seyyāliyet), spirituality (supporting Muslim life), and orientation towards the qibla. This study provides new insights into the relationship between Islamic household principles and imperial palatial architecture, enriching our understanding of the aesthetic and cultural legacy of the Ottoman Empire.

Anahtar Kelimeler

topkapi palace , household aesthetics in islam , ottoman cultural heritage , ottoman palatial architecture

Etik Beyan

I declare that this study is original; that I have acted by the principles and rules of scientific ethics at all stages of the study, including preparation, data collection, analysis, and presentation of information; that I have cited sources for all data and information not obtained within the scope of this study and included these sources in the bibliography; that I have not made any changes in the data used, and that I comply with ethical duties and responsibilities by accepting all the terms and conditions of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). I hereby declare that if a situation contrary to my statement regarding the study is detected, I agree to all moral and legal consequences that may arise.

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