TR
EN
North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries
Öz
It is known that various records have been kept about the western and northern regions of the Black Sea since ancient times. Towards the end of the Middle Ages, there is an increase in the volume of information about the region in different works. Along with the travels and geographical studies, the information obtained about the region in question also laid the groundwork for the studies of later times.
Between the X and XV centuries, travelers and geographers convey information about the western and northern regions of the Black Sea for ministerial and some commercial and political reasons. The data obtained show that some port cities developed in the north of the Black Sea, especially in the Crimean Peninsula and around the Azov Sea, with the effect of trade. Over time, the capacity of maritime transportation and logistics increased and commercial networks establishedwith other port cities in the Black Sea like Sudak, Kaffa (Feodosia), Solgat (Staryi Krym), Chufut Fortress (Kirkyer), Sarikirman (Chersonese-Sevastopol), Don. There are also cities such as Azov (Tanais), where the river joins the Azov Sea, Matrakha (Tmutorakan-Hermonassa) on the Taman Peninsula and Akkerman (Akçakirman), Costantia (Constanta-Armocastro) outside these regions.
While some authors only mention the names of the cities and give information about their location or coordinates; some authors, who are mostly travelers and are in the cities, give various information about the events they have seen and heard and witnessed in their works. With this information, the physical features of the cities such as architecture, ports, markets, as well as their commercial structure, transportation opportunities, and some political events of the aforementioned periods are reflected.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- ABBASOĞLU, Gülşen, “Bizans Dönemi’nde Kherson”, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Erken Hıristiyanlık ve Bizans Sanatları Anabilim Dalı, Sanat Tarihi Bilim Dalı, Unpublished MA Thesis, Çanakkale 2015.
- ACAR, Serkan, Kazan Hanlığı-Moskova Knezliği Siyasi İlişkileri (1437-1552), Türk Tarih Kurumu, Ankara 2013.
- AHMED B. YAHYA EL-BELAZURİ, Futühu’l-Buldan (Ülkelerin Fetihleri), Siyer Yayınları, (Trans. Mustafa Fayda), İstanbul 2013.
- AHMED IBN ARABSHAH, Tamerlane or Timur The Great Amir, (Trans. J. H. Sanders), Luzac Co., London 1936.
- AL-IDRİSİ, Nuzhat al-Mushtaq fi Ikhtiraq al-Afaq, Traduite de L’Arabe en Français P.A. Jaubertas Geographie d’Edrisi, 2. Cilt, Paris 1836-40.
- AK, Mâhmut, “Osmanlı Coğrafyasında İki Yer Adı (Bahr-İ Kulzüm/Kurzüm) Üzerine”, İlmî Araştırmalar: Dil, Edebiyat, Tarih İncelemeleri, 2, İstanbul 1996, s. 7-12.
- AKSOY, Fatih, Osmanlı Öncesi Dönemde Trabzon Şehri, (Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans Tezi), Elazığ 2009. ANNA KOMNENA, Alexiad: Anadolu’da ve Balkan Yarımadası’nda İmparator Aleksias Komnenos Dönemi’nin Tarihi Malazgirt’in Sonrası, İnkılâp Kitapevi, İstanbul 1996.
- ARTAMONOV, Mihail İllarionoviç, Hazar Tarihi (Türkler, Yahudiler, Ruslar), (Trans. Ahsen Batur), Selenge Yayınları, İstanbul 2019. Arrianus’un Karadeniz Seyahati, (Trans. Murat Arslan), Odin Yayıncılık, İstanbul 2005.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
7 Temmuz 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi
26 Mayıs 2022
Kabul Tarihi
24 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1
APA
Bakır, A., & Aksoy, F. (2022). North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries. Oğuz-Türkmen Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 10-86. https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW
AMA
1.Bakır A, Aksoy F. North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries. OTAD. 2022;6(1):10-86. https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW
Chicago
Bakır, Abdulhalik, ve Fatih Aksoy. 2022. “North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries”. Oğuz-Türkmen Araştırmaları Dergisi 6 (1): 10-86. https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW.
EndNote
Bakır A, Aksoy F (01 Temmuz 2022) North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries. Oğuz-Türkmen Araştırmaları Dergisi 6 1 10–86.
IEEE
[1]A. Bakır ve F. Aksoy, “North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries”, OTAD, c. 6, sy 1, ss. 10–86, Tem. 2022, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW
ISNAD
Bakır, Abdulhalik - Aksoy, Fatih. “North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries”. Oğuz-Türkmen Araştırmaları Dergisi 6/1 (01 Temmuz 2022): 10-86. https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW.
JAMA
1.Bakır A, Aksoy F. North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries. OTAD. 2022;6:10–86.
MLA
Bakır, Abdulhalik, ve Fatih Aksoy. “North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries”. Oğuz-Türkmen Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 6, sy 1, Temmuz 2022, ss. 10-86, https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW.
Vancouver
1.Abdulhalik Bakır, Fatih Aksoy. North and West Black Sea Port Cities by the Eyes of Travelers and Geographers Between Xth and XVth Centuries. OTAD [Internet]. 01 Temmuz 2022;6(1):10-86. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA47LK43XW