Zamanlama ve Koşullar Açısından Bulgaristan Moğol Vasallığının Teşkili

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 29 - 39, 04.01.2026

Ebru Emine Oğuz Çevirmen: Ebru Emine Oğuz

Öz

Bu makale, orta çağ Bulgaristan’ının Moğolların vasalı haline geldiği tarihi ve koşulları analiz etmektedir. Tarih yazımında neredeyse herkesin kabul ettiği görüş, Bulgaristan’ın, 1242 yılında Moğolların Avrupa’yı işgali sırasında onların vasalı haline geldiğidir. Ancak Plamen Pavlov, 1247 yılı civarında Bulgaristan’ın yeni Moğol baskısına maruz kaldığını ve bu durumun da vasallık ilişkilerinin kurulmasına yol açtığını öne sürmektedir. Çeşitli Batı ve Doğu kaynaklarının kullanıldığı bu makalede Bulgaristan’ın 1246-1247 yıllarında, Moğollara karşı direnişi engelleyen özel tarihsel koşullar altında Moğolların vasalı haline geldiğini tespit etmekteyiz ki bu suretle Pavlov’un görüşü, kaynaklardan elde edilen yeni ve şimdiye kadar gün yüzüne çıkmamış kanıtlarla desteklenmiş olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Moğol istilası , Bulgaristan , Macaristan , 13.Yüzyıl , Vasallık

The Establishment of Bulgaria's Vassalage to the Mongols: Timing and Context

Öz

The article analyzes the date and circumstances under which medieval Bulgaria became a vassal of the Mongols. The almost universally accepted view in historiography is that Bulgaria became a Mongol vassal in 1242 during their invasion of Europe. However, Plamen Pavlov suggests that around 1247 Bulgaria exposed itself to new Mongol pressure, which led to the establishment of vassal relations. In this article, using various Western and Oriental sources, we find that Bulgaria became a Mongol vassal in 1246 – 1247 in the peculiar historical circumstances that prevented resistance against the Mongols. Thus, Pavlov’s opinion is supported by new and hitherto unused testimonies from sources.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mongol invasion , Bulgaria , Hungary , 13th century , Vassalage

Kaynakça

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