Ocular Characteristics of Home Care Patients Over the Age of 65 Who Are on the Verge of Developing Ocular Diseases

Öz

The purpose of this study is to determine how frequently legal blindness, cataract, glaucoma, senile macular degeneration, and dry eye disease are seen in the elderly over the age of 65 receiving home care services, as well as to investigate the relationship between ocular pathologies and frailty levels. The eye findings of 74 elderly over the age of 65 who received home care services in a district were evaluated between April 1 and May 31, 2021, and the Edmonton Frailty Questionnaire was used in each case. The study was designed as a cross-sectional field study, with cases evaluated at home by an ophthalmologist using portable ophthalmic examination devices. Mild visual impairment was found in 18 (24.3%) of the cases, severe visual impairment in 36 (48.6%), and legal blindness in 8 (10.8%). 4 (5.4%) cases had ocular hypertension and glaucoma, 15 (20.3%) had dry eye, and 40 (54.1%) had senile macular degeneration. There were 46 (62.2%) cases with cataracts and 26 (35.1%) with previous cataract surgery. Frailty levels were found to differ statistically by senile macular degeneration (p=0.004) and visual acuity (p=0.003). Frailty levels did not differ statistically by glaucoma (p=0.169), cataract (p=0.152), or dry eye (p=0.918). Cataract, glaucoma, dry eye, senile macular degeneration, and severe vision loss are common among home care patients over 65. Vision loss and frailty levels were found to have a significant correlation in home care patients over the age of 65, indicating the importance of home care patients having regular ocular examinations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Age-related macular degeneration
• Cataract
• Dry eye
• Home care services
• Legal blindness

Göz Hastalıkları Açısından Kör Noktada Bulunan 65 Yaş Üzeri Evde Bakım Hastalarında Oküler Özellikler

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, evde bakım hizmeti alan 65 yaş üzeri yaşlılarda ne sıklıkta yasal körlük, katarakt, glokom, senil maküla dejenerasyonu ve kuru göz hastalığı görüldüğünü tespit etmek ve göz patolojilerinin olguların kırılganlık düzeyiyle ilişkisini incelemektir. 1 Nisan 2021-31 Mayıs 2021 tarihleri arasında 74 olguya bir ilçede evde bakım hizmeti alan 65 yaş üzeri yaşlıların göz bulguları değerlendirilmiş ve her olguya Edmonton Kırılganlık Anketi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma kesitsel özellikte bir saha araştırması olarak planlanmış ve bir göz hastalıkları uzmanı tarafından olgular taşınabilir oftalmik muayene cihazlarıyla evlerinde değerlendirilmiştir. 18 (%24.3) olguda hafif düzey, 36 (%48.6) olguda ileri düzeyde görme kaybı ve 8(%10.8) olguda yasal körlük tespit edilmiştir. 4 (%5.4) olguda oküler hipertansiyon ve glokom, 15(%20.3) olguda kuru göz ve 40 (%54.1) senil maküla dejenerasyonu izlenmiştir. 46 (%62.2) olgunun kataraktı olduğu, 26’sının (%35.1) daha önceden katarakt cerrahisi geçirdiği görülmüştür. Senil maküla dejenerasyonuna (p=0.004) ve görme keskinliğine (p=0.003) göre kırılganlık düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Glokoma (p=0.169), katarakta (p=0.152) ve kuru göze (p=0.918) göre kırılganlık düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Katarakt, glokom, kuru göz, senil maküla dejenerasyonu ve şiddetli görme kaybı 65 yaş üzeri evde bakım hastalarında yüksek oranda görülmektedir. 65 yaş üzeri evde bakım hastalarının görme kaybı ile kırılganlık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptanmış olup, evde bakım hastalarının göz muayeneleri aksatılmamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yaşa bağlı maküla dejenerasyonu
• katarakt
• kuru göz
• yasal körlük
• evde bakım hizmetleri

Kaynakça

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