Targeted Approaches in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Öz

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocyte forms in the bone marrow. It is the most common cancer of childhood in our country. 75% of the patients are B-cell ALL (B-ALL), 25% are T-cell ALL (T-ALL). Contemporary treatment approaches have increased the 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates for ALL to over 80% and 90%, respectively, and reduced the cumulative risk of recurrence to less than 10%. It is necessary to use and develop new therapeutic approaches to further improve treatment outcomes and quality of life in the 10% of patients with relapse. In relapsed/refractory (R/R) precursor B-ALL, molecularly targeted therapies offer significant opportunities to reduce the burden of toxicities caused by standard chemotherapies and combat residual disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• B cell Lymphoblastic leukemia
• Pediatric
• Molecularly Targeted Therapy
• Acute Precursor B Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia
• Blinatumomab

Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemili çocuk hastalarda Hedefe Yönelik Yaklaşımlar

Öz

Akut lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL), olgunlaşmamış lenfosit formlarının kemik iliğinde kontrolsüz bir şekilde çoğalması nedeni oluşan malign bir hastalıktır. Ülkemizde çocukluk çağının en sık görülen kanseridir. Hastaların %75ini B hücreli ALL (B-ALL), %25ini T hücreli ALL (T-ALL) oluşturur. Çağdaş tedavi yaklaşımları, ALL için 5 yıllık olaysız sağkalım ve genel sağkalım oranlarını sırasıyla %80 ve %90'ın üzerine çıkarmış ve kümülatif nüks riskini %10'un altına düşürmüştür. Nüks olan %10’luk hasta grubunda tedavi sonuçlarında ve yaşam kalitesinde daha fazla iyileşme sağlanması için yeni terapötik yaklaşımların kullanılması ve geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Relaps/refrakter (R/R) prekürsör B- ALL’de moleküler hedefli tedaviler, standart kemoterapilerin neden olduğu toksisitelerin yükünü azaltmada ve kalıntı hastalık ile mücadele etmede önemli fırsatlar sunar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• B hücreli lenfoblastik lösemi
• Çocuk
• Hedefe Yönelik Yaklaşımlar
• Akut Prekürsör B Hücreli Lenfoblastik Lösemi
• Blinatumomab

Kaynakça

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