Hypertension and Nutrigenetics

Öz

Hypertension is a multifactorial disease characterized by systolic blood pressure values of 140 mmHg or more and/or diastolic blood pressure values exceeding 90 mmHg and is caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Dietary habits play a critical role among these environmental factors and can significantly affect the risk of hypertension in interaction with genetic predisposition. Recent nutrigenetic research has revealed in more detail the different responses of individuals' genetic makeup to nutrient intake and the effects of these responses on the development of hypertension. Genetic polymorphisms, especially single nucleotide polymorphisms, may affect risk levels by modulating the physiological responses of individuals to nutrients and thus hypertension. Therefore, personalized nutritional approaches tailored to individuals' genetic profiles are considered an effective strategy for the prevention and management of hypertension. This approach has the potential to make significant contributions to the development of more individualized and targeted treatment methods by taking into account the complex interaction between genetics and nutrition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hypertension
• Nutrigenetics
• Polymorphism

Hipertansiyon ve Nutrigenetik

Öz

Hipertansiyon, 140 mmHg veya daha yüksek sistolik ve/veya 90 mmHg'yi aşan diyastolik kan basıncı değerleriyle tanımlanan, genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin karmaşık etkileşimi sonucu ortaya çıkan multifaktöriyel bir hastalıktır. Beslenme alışkanlıkları, bu çevresel faktörler arasında kritik bir rol oynamakta ve genetik yatkınlıkla etkileşim halinde hipertansiyon riskini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan nutrigenetik araştırmalar, bireylerin genetik yapılarının besin alımına verdiği farklı yanıtları ve bu yanıtların hipertansiyon gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerini daha detaylı bir şekilde ortaya koymaktadır. Genetik polimorfizmler, özellikle tek nükleotid polimorfizmleri, bireylerin besinlere ve dolayısıyla hipertansiyona karşı gösterdikleri fizyolojik yanıtları modüle ederek risk düzeylerini etkileyebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bireylerin genetik profillerine uygun kişiselleştirilmiş beslenme yaklaşımları, hipertansiyonun önlenmesi ve yönetimi için etkili bir strateji olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu yaklaşım, genetik ve beslenme arasındaki kompleks etkileşimi dikkate alarak, daha bireyselleştirilmiş ve hedefe yönelik tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesine önemli katkılar sağlayabilme potansiyeline sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hipertansiyon
• Nutrigenetik
• Polimorfizm

Kaynakça

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