Araştırma Makalesi

Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy

Cilt: 48 Sayı: 4 9 Haziran 2026
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Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy

Öz

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major global public health concern, particularly for children with chronic inflammatory diseases who require immunosuppressive or biologic therapy. Despite high childhood vaccination coverage in Türkiye, declining antibody levels over time may lead to insufficient protective immunity against HBV in some patients. This study aimed to evaluate hepatitis B immune status, vaccination history, and vaccine refusal among pediatric rheumatology patients scheduled to initiate biologic therapy, using real-world clinical data. This single-center, retrospective observational study included pediatric patients aged 2–18 years who were evaluated prior to biologic therapy initiation between August 2023 and December 2025. Demographic and clinical data, hepatitis B serological markers, vaccination history, and family-reported vaccine refusal were extracted from medical records. Protective immunity was defined as anti-HBs ≥10 mIU/mL. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0. A total of 58 patients were included, the majority diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (94.8%). None of the patients were positive for HBsAg, HCV, or HIV. Protective anti-HBs levels were observed in 37 patients (63.8%), while 21 patients (36.2%) had non-protective anti-HBs levels (<10 mIU/mL) and were recommended for booster vaccination prior to biologic therapy. Only one patient (1.7%) had a documented history of vaccine refusal. Among the planned biologic therapies, adalimumab was the most commonly selected agent (65.5%). Exploratory analyses suggested potential associations between insufficient immunity and clinical variables, supporting the value of risk-based screening. A substantial proportion of pediatric rheumatology patients scheduled to receive biologic therapy were found to have insufficient hepatitis B immunity, even in a region where childhood vaccination coverage is relatively high. Routine HBV serological screening and timely booster vaccination should be integral components of pre-biologic assessment. Although vaccine refusal was infrequent, its presence highlights an additional preventable risk in this vulnerable population. Prospective studies evaluating immunity across different vaccination eras and strategies to address vaccine hesitancy are warranted.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Destekleyen Kurum

NONE

Proje Numarası

Eskişehir Şehir Hastanesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu: Karar No: ESH/BAEK 2025/205, Tarih: 11/09/2025

Etik Beyan

This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Eskişehir City Hospital (Decision No: ESH/BAEK 2025/205; Date: September 11, 2025).

Teşekkür

NONE

Kaynakça

  1. 1. Özkan H. Epidemiology of chronic hepatitis B in Turkey. Eurasian J Hepatogastroenterol. 2018;8(1):73–74.
  2. 2. Jansen MHA, Rondaan C, Legger GE, Minden K, Uziel Y, Toplak N, et al. EULAR/PRES recommendations for vaccination of paediatric patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: update 2021. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023;82(1):35–47.
  3. 3. Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ, Shenoi S, Cuello CA, Angeles-Han ST, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022;74(4):553–569.
  4. 4. Indolfi G, Abdel-Hady M, Bansal S, Debray D, Smets F, Czubkowski P, et al. Management of hepatitis B virus infection and prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in children with acquired immunodeficiencies or undergoing immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, or biological modifier therapies. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2020;70(4):527–538.
  5. 5. World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund. Progress and challenges with achieving universal immunization coverage: 2023 WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (WUENIC 2024). Geneva: WHO; 2024.
  6. 6. Özceylan G, Toprak D, Esen ES. Vaccine rejection and hesitation in Turkey. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(5):1034–1039.
  7. 7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hepatitis B. In: Epidemiology and prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases. 14th ed. Atlanta: CDC; 2024. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/hepb.html
  8. 8. Hung MH, Tien YC, Chiu YM. Risk factors for losing hepatitis B surface antibody in patients receiving biologic DMARDs. Adv Rheumatol. 2021;61(1):22.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Çocuk Romatolojisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

9 Haziran 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Aralık 2025

Kabul Tarihi

8 Nisan 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 48 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA
Taşkın, S. N., Arman Mut, T., Ayan Karanfil, H., Boz Öncel, E., Pektaş Leblebicier, Ş., Kara, Y., & Otar Yener, G. (2026). Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 48(4), 639-645. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1846110
AMA
1.Taşkın SN, Arman Mut T, Ayan Karanfil H, vd. Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2026;48(4):639-645. doi:10.20515/otd.1846110
Chicago
Taşkın, Sema Nur, Tuğçe Arman Mut, Hande Ayan Karanfil, vd. 2026. “Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy”. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi 48 (4): 639-45. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1846110.
EndNote
Taşkın SN, Arman Mut T, Ayan Karanfil H, Boz Öncel E, Pektaş Leblebicier Ş, Kara Y, Otar Yener G (01 Haziran 2026) Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi 48 4 639–645.
IEEE
[1]S. N. Taşkın vd., “Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy”, Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, c. 48, sy 4, ss. 639–645, Haz. 2026, doi: 10.20515/otd.1846110.
ISNAD
Taşkın, Sema Nur - Arman Mut, Tuğçe - Ayan Karanfil, Hande - Boz Öncel, Eda - Pektaş Leblebicier, Şule - Kara, Yalçın - Otar Yener, Gülçin. “Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy”. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi 48/4 (01 Haziran 2026): 639-645. https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1846110.
JAMA
1.Taşkın SN, Arman Mut T, Ayan Karanfil H, Boz Öncel E, Pektaş Leblebicier Ş, Kara Y, Otar Yener G. Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 2026;48:639–645.
MLA
Taşkın, Sema Nur, vd. “Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy”. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, c. 48, sy 4, Haziran 2026, ss. 639-45, doi:10.20515/otd.1846110.
Vancouver
1.Sema Nur Taşkın, Tuğçe Arman Mut, Hande Ayan Karanfil, Eda Boz Öncel, Şule Pektaş Leblebicier, Yalçın Kara, Gülçin Otar Yener. Hepatitis B Immunity and Vaccine Refusal in Pediatric Rheumatology Patients: Serological Evaluation Before Biologic Therapy. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi. 01 Haziran 2026;48(4):639-45. doi:10.20515/otd.1846110


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