The Effects of Smokıng Habıts on Implant Supported Fixed Prosthesis:Retrospectıve Study

Öz

In this clinical trial, we investigated the effect of smoking on marginal bone loss, plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing on dental implants. For this retrospective study, participants were selected from patients who had been rehabilated with implant supported fixed prosthesis at Eskişehir Osmangazi University  Dental Faculty between February 2013 and January 2018. Various information about age, gender and smoking habits were recorded for each patient. Marginal bone loss was measured on panoramic x-rays using corel draw 11.0 software. The study was conducted on a total of 118 patients who underwent a total of 312 implants at 6, 12 and 24 months of age. The ages of the patients ranged from 24 to 70 years and the mean age was 47 ± 8.29. Patients included in the study, 50 were male and 68 were female, 98 were non-smoking and 20 were smoking. In this study, the effect of smoking on marginal bone loss in  distal region was statistically significant gingival index in smokers, bleeding in the probe and plaque index showed statistically significant differences with period. Patient sex and age; it can be deduced that there is no effect on marginal bone loss, but in those with smoking habits the surround of the implant is more involved with plaque involvement and bleeding in the probing than non-smokers, the risk of implant crestal bone loss increases with smoking habit and may lead to implant loss. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Marginal Bone Loss,Implant supported fixed prosthesis

Sigara Alışkanlığının İmplant Üstü Sabit Protezler Üzerine Etkileri:Retrospektif Çalışma

Öz

Bu klinik çalışmada amaç; sigara kullanımının dental implantlar çevresindeki  marginal kemik kaybı, plak indeksi, gingival indeks ve sondalama da kanama varlığı  üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Retrospektif çalışma için, Şubat 2013 ile Ocak 2018 arasında Eskişehir Osmangazi Dişhekimliği Fakültesinde implant üzeri sabit protez uygulanmış hastalardan seçilmiş olup, her hasta için yaş, cinsiyet ve sigara içme alışkanlıkları hakkında çeşitli bilgiler kaydedilmiştir. Marjinal kemik kayıpları miktarı için  Corel Draw 11.0 programı kullanılarak panoromik röntgenler üzerinden ölçümü yapıldı. Çalışma 24 aylık bir dönemde 312 implant uygulanan 6. , 12. ve 24. ayda kontrollerine gelen toplam 118 hasta üzerinde yapılmıştır. Hastaların yaşları 24 ile 70 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalama yaş 47± 8.29’dur. Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastaların 50’si erkek ve 68’i kadın katılımcıdan oluşup,  katılımcıların 98’si sigara içmezken 20'si sigara içiyordu. Bu çalışmanın sınırları içerisinde implant üstü sabit protezler de sigaranın; implant çevresi marginal kemik kaybı üzerine etkisini anlamlı olduğu ve zaman dilimine göre distal bölgedeki marginal kemik kaybının istatiksel olarak arttığı sonucuna varılmıştır (p<0.01). Sigara içenlerde gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama ve plak indeksi açısından yaşın ve cinsiyetin bir etkisinin olmadığı, ancak sigara içenlerde gingival indeks, sondalamada kanama ve plak indeksi zamanla istatiksel olarak anlamlı derecede arttığını gösterdi. Hasta cinsiyet ve yaşının; marjinal kemik kaybı üzerine etkisinin olmadığı, fakat sigara içme alışkanlığı olanlarda implant çevresi plak tutulumunun ve sondalamada kanamanın sigara içmeyenlere göre daha fazla olduğunun, implant çevresi kemik kayıplarının sigara alışkanlığı ile birlikte arttığının ve implant kayıplarına yol açabilecek risk faktörü olduğu çıkarımı yapılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Marjinal Kemik Kaybı, İmplantüstü Sabit Protezler,Sigara Alışkanlıkları

Kaynakça

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