Ambliyopide Son Durum / Amblyopia Last Status

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1, 117 - 121, 18.04.2017

Erdoğan Yaşar

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.285542

Öz

Ambliyopi, organik bir göz patolojisi olmamasına rağmen görme keskinliğinde tek taraflı veya bilateral azalma olmasıdır. Çocuklar ve genç erişkinlerde tek taraflı görme azlığının en sık sebepi ambliyopi olmakla birlikte genel toplumda görülme sıklığı %1-5 arasında değişmektedir. Ambliyopide kritik yaş ilk 4 yaş olmakla birlikte 6-7 yaşta saptanan olgularda tedavi ile başarı şansı yüksektir. Zamanında saptanıp uygun tedavisi yapıldığında ambliyopik görme kaybı geri dönüşümlüdür ve bu süre geçtiğinde ise görme kaybı yaşam boyu sürekli hale gelmektedir. En sık ambliyopi yapan sebepler anizometropi, şaşılık ya da birlikteliği olup ayrıca deprivasyona bağlı da oluşabilmektedir. Tedavi yöntemlerinden refraktif düzeltme, kapama tedavisi , penelizayon en sık kullanılan yöntemler olup ayrıca son zamanlarda nörovizyon tedavisi , video oyunları, refraktif cerrahi, medikal tedavi, akapunktur, makülaya düşük doz lazer ve mavi-kırmızı ışıkla uyarı gibi yöntemleri denenmiştir. Ambliyopi tedavisinde başarıyı etkileyen en önemli faktörler olgunun yaşı ve tedavi başlangıcındaki görme keskinliğidir. Olgunun yaşı ne kadar küçük ise daha kısa sürede daha iyi sonuçlara ulaşılmaktadır. Tanı esnasında görme keskinliği ne kadar düşükse tedaviye alınan yanıt da azalmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ambliyopi, Görme keskinliği

Kaynakça

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