İklim Değişikliğinin Vektörel Hastalıklara Etkisi ve Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi Hastalığı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 46 Sayı: 2, 317 - 328, 18.03.2024

Fatih Dökmedemir , Birgül Piyal

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1301764

Öz

Dünya nüfusunun yarıdan fazlası vektör kaynaklı hastalık riski altındadır. Vektörle bulaşan hastalıklar yüksek ölüm oranı ve yüksek düzeyde engelliliğe neden olmaları nedeniyle halk sağlığını tehdit eden ve ayrıntılı irdelemeyi gerektiren sorunlardır. Küresel sıcaklığın 2100 yılına gelindiğinde ortalama 1 ila 3,5 C⸰ artacağı; ilişkili olarak vektör kaynaklı hastalıkların da daha geniş bir coğrafyada yayılacağı ve prevalansının artacağı öngörülmektedir. Ekolojik değişim Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşinin (KKKA) örüntüsünü etkilemekte ve böylece bulaşma riskini değiştirebilmektedir. İnsandan insana bulaşma potansiyeli düşük olduğu için sadece küçük salgınlar oluşturabilir ancak yüksek ölüm oranları nedeniyle halk sağlığı yönünden üstünde durulması gereken bir hastalıktır. Önleme çalışmalarında ribavirinin yararı kanıtlanmıştır. Tedavide ribavirin etkililiği ise tartışmalıdır. Ayrıca sağlık hizmeti sunumu uygulamaları sürecinde hastalığın bulaş riski yüksektir ve yüksek viral yük nedeniyle büyük olasılıkla ölümle sonuçlanır. Dünya genelinde insan ve hayvan sağlığı ile ilgilenen kuruluşların bu hastalığa karşı koruma ve tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmesi bir halk sağlığı gereksinimidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim Değişikliği, Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi, Zoonotik Hastalıklar, Sağlık Çalışanları

The Effect of Climate Change on Vectorial Diseases and Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Öz

More than half of the world's population is at risk of vector-borne diseases. Vector-borne diseases are problems that threaten public health and require detailed investigation due to their high mortality rate and high level of disability. Global temperature will increase by 1 to 3.5 C⸰ on average by 2100; In relation to this, it is predicted that vector-borne diseases will spread in a wider geography and their prevalence will increase. Ecological change affects the pattern of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and thus can change the risk of transmission. Since it has a low human-to-human transmission potential, it can only cause small epidemics, but it is a disease that should be considered in terms of public health due to its high mortality rates. The benefit of ribavirin has been proven in prevention studies. The efficacy of ribavirin in treatment is controversial. In addition, the risk of transmission of the disease is high in the process of health care delivery practices and it is likely to result in death due to high viral load. It is a public health requirement that organizations dealing with human and animal health around the world develop protection and treatment methods against this disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate Change, Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, Zoonotic Diseases, Health Workers

Kaynakça

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