Determination of Risk Factors for Allergic and Non-Allergic Rhinitis

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 1, 61 - 69, 17.01.2025

Nurhan Kasap , Mustafa Safa Tural , Gizem Uslu Pınar Yağmur Altinkaynak Dilek Keles Ayşe Cavidan Sonkur Sonkur Fatma Bal Cetinkaya , Leman Tuba Karakurt Özlem Cavkaytar , Mustafa Arga

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1591896

Öz

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) are common respiratory conditions affecting pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors and clinical characteristics of AR and NAR in children. A retrospective study was conducted at Goztepe Professor Suleyman Yalcin City Hospital's Pediatric Allergy and Immunology outpatient clinic. Between August 2023 and August 2024, 327 patients under 18 were diagnosed with AR or NAR. Data were collected through computerized questionnaires completed by parents. Patients were classified into AR and NAR groups based on skin prick tests and specific IgE results. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0. Of the 327 patients, 31.5% were diagnosed with NAR and 68.5% with AR. No significant differences were found in age of diagnosis, gender distribution, or symptom onset age between groups. AR patients had more siblings and house residents (p=0.047, p=0.05, respectively). C-section births and indoor smoking were more prevalent in the AR group (p=0.018, p=0.031, respectively). Breastfeeding for over one year was more common in NAR patients (p=0.011). AR patients more frequently experienced symptom exacerbation during school time (p=0.029). Logistic regression analysis revealed that playing outside and paracetamol use before age 1 increased NAR risk (p=0.008, p=0.044, respectively), while eczema and recurrent wheezing after age 1 increased AR risk (p=0.025, p=0.018, respectively). This study identifies distinct risk factors and clinical characteristics for AR and NAR in pediatric patients, providing valuable insights for differential diagnosis and management strategies in clinical practice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, risk factors of rhinitis

Alerjik ve Non-Alerjik Rinit Risk Faktörlerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Alerjik rinit (AR) ve non-alerjik rinit (NAR), çocukluk çağının en sık görülen kronik solunum yolu hastalıklarındandır. Bu çalışma, çocuklarda AR ve NAR'ın risk faktörlerini ve klinik özelliklerini araştırmayı amaçladı. Göztepe Profesör Süleyman Yalçın Şehir Hastanesi Çocuk Alerji ve İmmünoloji polikliniğinde, retrospektif olarak, Ağustos 2023 ile Ağustos 2024 arasında başvuran 18 yaş altı hastalar analiz edildi ve 327 hastanın rinit tanısı aldığı belirlendi. Veriler, ebeveynler tarafından elde edilen bilgilerle anket aracılığıyla toplandı. Hastalar, deri prik testleri ve spesifik IgE sonuçlarına göre AR ve NAR gruplarına ayrıldı. İstatistiksel analiz, SPSS versiyon 26.0 kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. 327 hastanın %31,5'i NAR ve %68,5'i AR tanısı aldı. Gruplar arasında tanı yaşı, cinsiyet dağılımı veya semptom başlangıç yaşı açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı. AR hastalarının daha fazla kardeşi ve evde yaşayan bireyi olduğu saptandı (p=0,047, p=0,05, sırasıyla). AR grubunda sezaryen doğum ve ev içi sigara içimi daha yaygın bulundu (p=0,018, p=0,031, sırasıyla). NAR hastalarında bir yıldan uzun süre emzirme daha yaygındı (p=0,011). AR hastaları okul zamanında daha sık semptom alevlenmesi yaşamıştı (p=0,029). Lojistik regresyon analizi, dışarıda oynamanın ve 1 yaşından önce parasetamol kullanımının NAR riskini artırdığını (p=0,008, p=0,044, sırasıyla), egzema ve 1 yaşından sonra tekrarlayan hırıltılı solunumun ise AR riskini artırdığını gösterdi (p=0,025, p=0,018, sırasıyla). Bu çalışma, pediatrik hastalarda AR ve NAR için farklı risk faktörlerini ve klinik özellikleri tanımladı ve klinik uygulamada ayırıcı tanı ve yönetim stratejileri için değerli bilgiler sundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Alerjik rinit, Non-alerjik rinit, rinit risk faktörleri

Kaynakça

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