Bronchoscopy in The Respiratory Intensive Care Unit: A 4-Year Review

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 47 Sayı: 6, 982 - 989, 26.09.2025

Pervin Hancı , Berfin Karadaş , Ethem Yıldız , Erhan Tabakoglu

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1753340

Öz

Bronchoscopy is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in intensive care units (ICUs), but real-world data regarding its application and safety in critically ill patients remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the indications, findings, complications, and microbiological outcomes of bronchoscopy in an ICU setting. This retrospective study included 152 ICU patients who underwent 227 bronchoscopy procedures between July 2020 and November 2024. Demographic characteristics, procedural indications, oxygen support modalities, microbiological results, and complication rates were recorded. The median age of patients was 68 [IQR: 59–75] years, and 64.5% were male. Bronchoscopy was most frequently performed for the clearance of secretions and the treatment of atelectasis. Complete or partial resolution of atelectasis was achieved in 92.6% of such cases. Infectious pathogens were identified in 34.8% of all procedures. The most common complication was hypoxemia (12.8%), followed by arrhythmias (3.1%) and hemodynamic instability (1.8%). No serious adverse events were reported. No statistically significant difference in complication rates was observed between oxygen support groups. Bronchoscopy is a safe and effective tool for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in ICU patients when performed by experienced teams. Careful patient selection and appropriate oxygenation strategies are critical to minimise complications, especially hypoxemia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bronchoscopy , Intensive Care Unit , Oxygen inhalation therapy

Solunum Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Bronkoskopi: 4 Yıllık Değerlendirme

Öz

Bronkoskopi, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) değerli bir tanı ve tedavi prosedürüdür, ancak kritik hastalarda uygulanması ve güvenliği ile ilgili gerçek dünya verileri sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma, YBÜ ortamında bronkoskopinin endikasyonlarını, bulgularını, komplikasyonlarını ve mikrobiyolojik sonuçlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu retrospektif çalışmaya, Temmuz 2020 ile Kasım 2024 arasında 227 bronkoskopi prosedürü uygulanan 152 YBÜ hastası dahil edildi. Demografik özellikler, prosedür endikasyonları, oksijen desteği yöntemleri, mikrobiyolojik sonuçlar ve komplikasyon oranları kaydedildi. Hastaların medyan yaşı 68 [IQR: 59–75] yıl idi ve %64,5'i erkekti. Bronkoskopi en sık sekresyonların temizlenmesi ve atelektazinin tedavisi için uygulandı. Bu vakaların %92,6'sında atelektazinin tamamen veya kısmen düzelmesi sağlandı. Tüm prosedürlerin %34,8'inde enfeksiyöz patojenler tespit edildi. En sık görülen komplikasyon hipoksemi (%12,8) idi, bunu aritmiler (%3,1) ve hemodinamik instabilite (%1,8) izledi. Ciddi advers olaylar bildirilmedi. Oksijen destek grupları arasında komplikasyon oranlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi. Bronkoskopi, deneyimli ekipler tarafından uygulandığında yoğun bakım hastalarında hem tanı hem de tedavi amaçlı güvenli ve etkili bir araçtır. Komplikasyonları, özellikle hipoksemiyi en aza indirmek için dikkatli hasta seçimi ve uygun oksijenasyon stratejileri çok önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bronkoskopi , Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi , Oksijen inhalasyon tedavisi

Kaynakça

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