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The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 330 - 337, 20.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1563025

Öz

Objective: Motor imagery is a therapeutic tool in healthcare, and evaluating motor imagery ability is increasingly important. This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (VMIQ-2-T).
Materials and Methods: 248 young adults (mean age: 21.34±2.33 years) participated in the study. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Cronbach's alpha determined the internal consistency. Construct validity was assessed through the correlation analysis between the VMIQ-2-T and the Turkish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3-T).
Results: The VMIQ-2-T demonstrated good test-retest reliability (ICC2,1=0.74 for external imagery, ICC2,1=0.77 for internal imagery, and ICC2,1=0.82 for kinaesthetic imagery), adequate internal consistency (α=0.94 for all subscales), and good construct validity. Moderate correlations were observed between the subscales of the VMIQ-2-T and MIQ-3-T (r=-0.58 to -0.69, p<0.05). The minimal detectable change and standard error of measurement values for the VMIQ-2-T subscales were 9.82 to 11.88 and 3.58 to 4.33, respectively.
Conclusions: The VMIQ-2-T is a reliable and valid tool for assessing motor imagery vividness in Turkish-speaking individuals. Its ability to evaluate motor imagery without requiring active movement makes VMIQ-2-T suitable for patients with restricted mobility, such as those experiencing high-risk pregnancy or immobilization.

Etik Beyan

The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethical Committee of Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty (date: 06/08/2019, approval number: A-09).

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Teşekkür

None

Kaynakça

  • Agosti V, Sirico M. Motor imagery as a tool for motor learning and improving sports performance: a mini review on the state of the art. Sport Sci. 2020;13:13-17.
  • Lee WH, Kim E, Seo HG, et al. Target-oriented motor imagery for grasping action: different characteristics of brain activation between kinesthetic and visual imagery. Sci Rep. 2019;9:12770. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49254-2
  • Sharma N, Baron JC. Does motor imagery share neural networks with executed movement: a multivariate fMRI analysis. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:564. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00564
  • Marvel CL, Morgan OP, Kronemer SI. How the motor system integrates with working memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019;102:184-194. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.017
  • Ruffino C, Papaxanthis C, Lebon F. The influence of imagery capacity in motor performance improvement. Exp Brain Res. 2017;235(10):3049-3057. doi:10.1007/s00221-017-5039-8
  • Vasilyev AN, Nuzhdin YO, Kaplan AY. Does real-time feedback affect sensorimotor EEG patterns in routine motor imagery practice? Brain Sci. 2021;11(9):1234. doi:10.3390/brainsci11091234
  • Debarnot U, Perrault AA, Sterpenich V, et al. Motor imagery practice benefits during arm immobilization. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8928. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88142-6
  • Eggelbusch M, Charlton BT, Bosutti A, et al. The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism. Cell Rep Med. 2024;5(1):101372. doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101372
  • Di Rienzo F, Collet C, Hoyek N, Guillot A. Impact of neurologic deficits on motor imagery: a systematic review of clinical evaluations. Neuropsychol Rev. 2014;24(2):116-147. doi:10.1007/s11065-014-9257-6
  • Malouin F, Richards CL, Durand A, et al. Effects of practice, visual loss, limb amputation, and disuse on motor imagery vividness. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2009;23(5):449-463. doi:10.1177/1545968308328733
  • Lahuerta-Martín S, Ceballos-Laita L, Jiménez-Del-Barrio S, Llamas-Ramos R, Llamas-Ramos I, Mingo-Gómez MT. The effectiveness of action observation and motor imagery in freezing of gait, speed, physical function and balance in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Theory Pract. 2024:1-19. doi:10.1080/09593985.2024.2404600
  • Valadez-Roque G, Cantillo-Negrete J, Carino-Escobar RI, Torres-Chávez A. Paresis of an upper extremity. Action observation and motor imagery in recovery of patients with chronic stroke. Rev Neurol. 2024;78(11):307-315. doi:10.33588/rn.7811.2024017
  • Suica Z, Behrendt F, Gäumann S, et al. Imagery ability assessments: a cross-disciplinary systematic review and quality evaluation of psychometric properties. BMC Med. 2022; 20(1):166. doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02295-3
  • Dilek B, Ayhan Ç, Yakut Y. Kinestetik ve Görsel İmgeleme Anketi-20’nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. JETR. 2019;6(3):201-210.
  • Dilek B, Ayhan Ç, Yakut Y. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3: Its cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. Neurol Sci Neurophys. 2020;37(4):221-227. doi:10.4103/NSN.NSN_30_20
  • Fulford J, Milton F, Salas D, et al. The neural correlates of visual imagery vividness - An fMRI study and literature review. Cortex. 2018;105:26-40. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2017.09.014
  • Roberts R, Callow N, Hardy L, Markland D, Bringer J. Movement imagery ability: development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2008;30(2):200-221. doi:10.1123/jsep.30.2.200
  • Ziv G, Lidor R, Arnon M, Zeev A. The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ-2) - translation and reliability of a Hebrew version. Isr J Psychiatry. 2017;54(2):48-52.
  • Plakoutsis G, Fousekis K, Tsepis E, Papandreou M. Cross cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Greek version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (VMIQ-2). Discov Psychol. 2023;3:30. doi:10.1007/s44202-023-00091-5
  • Dahm SF, Bart VKE, Pithan JM, Rieger M. Deutsche übersetzung und validierung des VMIQ-2 zur erfassung der lebhaftigkeit von handlungsvorstellungen. Z Sportpsychol. 2019;26(4):151-158. doi:10.1026/1612-5010/a000273
  • Arifin WN. A web-based sample size calculator for reliability studies. Educ Med J. 2018; 10(3):67-76. doi:10.21315/eimj2018.10.3.8
  • Mukaka MM. Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med J. 2012;24(3):69-71.
  • Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186-3191. doi:10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
  • Prinsen CAC, Mokkink LB, Bouter LM, et al. COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures. Qual Life Res. 2018;27(5):1147-1157. doi:10.1007/s11136-018-1798-3
  • van Melick N, Meddeler BM, Hoogeboom TJ, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, van Cingel REH. How to determine leg dominance: The agreement between self-reported and observed performance in healthy adults. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189876. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189876.
  • Williams SE, Cumming J, Ntoumanis N, Nordin-Bates SM, Ramsey R, Hall C. Further validation and development of the movement imagery questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012;34(5):621-646. doi:10.1123/jsep.34.5.621
  • Cicchetti DV. The precision of reliability and validity estimates re-visited: distinguishing between clinical and statistical significance of sample size requirements. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2001;23(5):695-700. doi:10.1076/jcen.23.5.695.1249
  • Tavakol M, Dennick R. Making sense of Cronbach's alpha. Int J Med Educ. 2011;2:53-55. doi:10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Dahm SF. Validation of a computer-based version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. PTAD. 2022;3(1):10-22. doi:10.1027/2698-1866/a000022
  • Krüger B, Hegele M, Rieger M. The multisensory nature of human action imagery. Psychol Res. 2024;88(6):1870-1882. doi:10.1007/s00426-022-01771-y

Hareket İmgeleme Canlılığı Anketi-2’nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 330 - 337, 20.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1563025

Öz

Amaç: Motor imgeleme sağlık hizmetlerinde terapötik bir araçtır ve motor imgeleme yeteneğini değerlendirmek giderek daha önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Hareket İmgeleme Canlılığı Anketi-2'nin Türkçe versiyonunun (HİCA-2-T) geçerliliği ve güvenirliği değerlendirildi.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 248 genç yetişkin (ortalama yaş: 21,34±2,33 yıl) katıldı. Test-tekrar test güvenirliği sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Anketin iç tutarlılığı Cronbach alfa değeri ile belirlendi. Yapı geçerliliği, HİCA-2-T ile Hareket İmgeleme Anketi-3’ün Türkçe versiyonu (HİA-3-T) arasındaki korelasyon analizi yoluyla değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: HİCA-2-T, iyi bir test-tekrar test güvenilirliğine (Dışsal görsel imgeleme için ICC2,1=0,74, içsel görsel imgeleme için ICC2,1=0,77 ve kinestetik imgeleme için ICC2,1=0,82), yeterli iç tutarlılığa (tüm alt ölçekler için α=0,94) ve iyi yapı geçerliğine sahipti. HİCA-2-T ve HİA-3-T alt ölçekleri arasında orta düzeyde korelasyonlar gözlendi (r=-0,58 ile -0,69, p<0,05). HİCA-2-T alt ölçekleri için minimum saptanabilir değişim ve standart ölçüm hatası değerleri sırasıyla 9,82 ile 11,88 ve 3,58 ile 4,33 arasında bulundu.
Sonuç: HİCA-2-T, Türkçe konuşan bireylerde motor imgeleme canlılığını değerlendirmek için güvenilir ve geçerli bir araçtır. Aktif hareket gerektirmeden motor imgelemeyi değerlendirme özelliği, HİCA-2-T'yi yüksek riskli gebelik veya immobilizasyon yaşayanlar gibi kısıtlı hareket kabiliyetine sahip hastalarda kullanım için uygun hale getirir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışma, İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Klinik Araştırma Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (tarih: 06/08/2019, karar no: A-09).

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

  • Agosti V, Sirico M. Motor imagery as a tool for motor learning and improving sports performance: a mini review on the state of the art. Sport Sci. 2020;13:13-17.
  • Lee WH, Kim E, Seo HG, et al. Target-oriented motor imagery for grasping action: different characteristics of brain activation between kinesthetic and visual imagery. Sci Rep. 2019;9:12770. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-49254-2
  • Sharma N, Baron JC. Does motor imagery share neural networks with executed movement: a multivariate fMRI analysis. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:564. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00564
  • Marvel CL, Morgan OP, Kronemer SI. How the motor system integrates with working memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019;102:184-194. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.017
  • Ruffino C, Papaxanthis C, Lebon F. The influence of imagery capacity in motor performance improvement. Exp Brain Res. 2017;235(10):3049-3057. doi:10.1007/s00221-017-5039-8
  • Vasilyev AN, Nuzhdin YO, Kaplan AY. Does real-time feedback affect sensorimotor EEG patterns in routine motor imagery practice? Brain Sci. 2021;11(9):1234. doi:10.3390/brainsci11091234
  • Debarnot U, Perrault AA, Sterpenich V, et al. Motor imagery practice benefits during arm immobilization. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):8928. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88142-6
  • Eggelbusch M, Charlton BT, Bosutti A, et al. The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism. Cell Rep Med. 2024;5(1):101372. doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101372
  • Di Rienzo F, Collet C, Hoyek N, Guillot A. Impact of neurologic deficits on motor imagery: a systematic review of clinical evaluations. Neuropsychol Rev. 2014;24(2):116-147. doi:10.1007/s11065-014-9257-6
  • Malouin F, Richards CL, Durand A, et al. Effects of practice, visual loss, limb amputation, and disuse on motor imagery vividness. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2009;23(5):449-463. doi:10.1177/1545968308328733
  • Lahuerta-Martín S, Ceballos-Laita L, Jiménez-Del-Barrio S, Llamas-Ramos R, Llamas-Ramos I, Mingo-Gómez MT. The effectiveness of action observation and motor imagery in freezing of gait, speed, physical function and balance in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Theory Pract. 2024:1-19. doi:10.1080/09593985.2024.2404600
  • Valadez-Roque G, Cantillo-Negrete J, Carino-Escobar RI, Torres-Chávez A. Paresis of an upper extremity. Action observation and motor imagery in recovery of patients with chronic stroke. Rev Neurol. 2024;78(11):307-315. doi:10.33588/rn.7811.2024017
  • Suica Z, Behrendt F, Gäumann S, et al. Imagery ability assessments: a cross-disciplinary systematic review and quality evaluation of psychometric properties. BMC Med. 2022; 20(1):166. doi:10.1186/s12916-022-02295-3
  • Dilek B, Ayhan Ç, Yakut Y. Kinestetik ve Görsel İmgeleme Anketi-20’nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliği. JETR. 2019;6(3):201-210.
  • Dilek B, Ayhan Ç, Yakut Y. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3: Its cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. Neurol Sci Neurophys. 2020;37(4):221-227. doi:10.4103/NSN.NSN_30_20
  • Fulford J, Milton F, Salas D, et al. The neural correlates of visual imagery vividness - An fMRI study and literature review. Cortex. 2018;105:26-40. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2017.09.014
  • Roberts R, Callow N, Hardy L, Markland D, Bringer J. Movement imagery ability: development and assessment of a revised version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2008;30(2):200-221. doi:10.1123/jsep.30.2.200
  • Ziv G, Lidor R, Arnon M, Zeev A. The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ-2) - translation and reliability of a Hebrew version. Isr J Psychiatry. 2017;54(2):48-52.
  • Plakoutsis G, Fousekis K, Tsepis E, Papandreou M. Cross cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Greek version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 (VMIQ-2). Discov Psychol. 2023;3:30. doi:10.1007/s44202-023-00091-5
  • Dahm SF, Bart VKE, Pithan JM, Rieger M. Deutsche übersetzung und validierung des VMIQ-2 zur erfassung der lebhaftigkeit von handlungsvorstellungen. Z Sportpsychol. 2019;26(4):151-158. doi:10.1026/1612-5010/a000273
  • Arifin WN. A web-based sample size calculator for reliability studies. Educ Med J. 2018; 10(3):67-76. doi:10.21315/eimj2018.10.3.8
  • Mukaka MM. Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med J. 2012;24(3):69-71.
  • Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB. Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine. 2000;25(24):3186-3191. doi:10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
  • Prinsen CAC, Mokkink LB, Bouter LM, et al. COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures. Qual Life Res. 2018;27(5):1147-1157. doi:10.1007/s11136-018-1798-3
  • van Melick N, Meddeler BM, Hoogeboom TJ, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, van Cingel REH. How to determine leg dominance: The agreement between self-reported and observed performance in healthy adults. PLoS One. 2017;12(12):e0189876. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189876.
  • Williams SE, Cumming J, Ntoumanis N, Nordin-Bates SM, Ramsey R, Hall C. Further validation and development of the movement imagery questionnaire. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012;34(5):621-646. doi:10.1123/jsep.34.5.621
  • Cicchetti DV. The precision of reliability and validity estimates re-visited: distinguishing between clinical and statistical significance of sample size requirements. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2001;23(5):695-700. doi:10.1076/jcen.23.5.695.1249
  • Tavakol M, Dennick R. Making sense of Cronbach's alpha. Int J Med Educ. 2011;2:53-55. doi:10.5116/ijme.4dfb.8dfd
  • Dahm SF. Validation of a computer-based version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire. PTAD. 2022;3(1):10-22. doi:10.1027/2698-1866/a000022
  • Krüger B, Hegele M, Rieger M. The multisensory nature of human action imagery. Psychol Res. 2024;88(6):1870-1882. doi:10.1007/s00426-022-01771-y
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Rehabilitasyon
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Tansu Birinci Olgun 0000-0002-7993-3254

Ebru Kaya Mutlu 0000-0002-8595-5513

Caner Mutlu 0000-0001-6507-8042

Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ekim 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Birinci Olgun T, Kaya Mutlu E, Mutlu C. The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2. OTSBD. Aralık 2025;10(4):330-337. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1563025

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