Kronik Boğaz Ağrısında Psikolojik Faktörler

Öz

Amaç: Kronik boğaz ağrısı, kulak burun boğaz polikliniklerine başvuruların yaygın nedenlerinden biridir. Genellikle enfeksiyöz olmayan nedenler suçlansa da, birçok etiyolojik faktörle ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kronik boğaz ağrısıyla ilişkili psikolojik faktörler, özellikle anksiyete, depresyon, somatosensoriyel amplifikasyon ve somatizasyon incelenmiştir. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma, kronik boğaz ağrısı olan 41 hasta ve 36 sağlıklı kontrol olmak üzere 77 katılımcıyla yürütülmüştür. Sosyodemografik veriler ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HAD), Somatizasyon Ölçeği ve Somatosensoriyel Amplifikasyon Ölçeği (SAS) kullanılarak psikolojik değerlendirmeler toplandı. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yaş, cinsiyet, sigara içme alışkanlıkları, psikiyatrik öykü veya devam eden psikiyatrik tedavi açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Somatizasyon ölçeği ve SAS puanları hasta grubunda anlamlı şekilde daha yüksekti (p=0,001 ve p=0,005). Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında HAD-A ve HAD-D skorlarında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Ancak HAD-A ve SAS skorları arasında anlamlı pozitif korelasyon gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Psikolojik faktörler, özellikle somatosensoriyel amplifikasyon, kronik boğaz ağrısının devam etmesine katkıda bulunabilir. Bu bulgular, tanı doğruluğunu ve tedavi sonuçlarını iyileştirmek için bu tür vakaların yönetiminde psikolojik değerlendirmelerin dahil edilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anksiyete
• depresyon
• kronik boğaz ağrısı
• somatizasyon
• somatosensoriyel amplifikasyon

Psychological Factors in Chronic Sore Throat

Abstract

Objective: Chronic sore throat is one of the common causes of presentation to otolaryngology outpatient clinics. Although non-infectious causes are usually blamed, it is thought to be related to many etiologic factors. In this study, psychological factors associated with chronic sore throats, especially anxiety, depression, somatosensory amplification, and somatization, were examined. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with 77 participants, including 41 patients with chronic sore throat and 36 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data and psychological assessments using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), Somatization Scale, and Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SAS) were collected. Results: No significant differences were found between groups in terms of age, gender, smoking habits, psychiatric history, or ongoing psychiatric treatment. Somatization Scale and SAS scores were significantly higher in the patient group (p=0.001 and p=0.005). No significant differences were found in HAD-A and HAD-D scores between the patient and control groups. However, a significant positive correlation was observed between HAD-A and SAS scores. Conclusions: Psychological factors, particularly somatosensory amplification, may contribute to the persistence of chronic sore throat. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating psychological assessments in the management of such cases to improve diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes.

Keywords

• Anxiety
• chronic sore throat
• depression
• somatization
• somatosensory amplification

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