The Impact of Global Issue ( COVID-19) on Dentists’ Perceived Threat and Social Support

Yıl 2021, , 528 - 534, 01.12.2021

Gökhan Karadirek , S. Kutalmış Büyük , Mehmed Alpaydın

https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.974734

Öz

Objective: The COVID-19 global event has affected human resources psychologically, behaviorally, and economically. In this study, the relationship between the effects of the COVID-19 event and perceived threat and social support was investigated based on the perceptions of dentists.

Materials and Methods: The data were collected between December 1, 2020 and January 20, 2021 using an online questionnaire (n= 422). The dentists were queried about perceived threat and perceived social support in relation to COVID-19.

Results: A significant relationship was found between the COVID-19 event and perceived threats such as the fear of infection, high-risk jobs, stigmatization, and distancing. A significant relationship was also found between the COVID-19 event and perceived social support.

Conclusion: Ensuring their working conditions are more protective against COVID-19 can reduce dentists' fear of infection and perception of high job risk as well as perceptions of stigmatization and distancing. In addition, social support practices can be implemented during the pandemic to help dentists to be more motivated and provide better service.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, dentistry, perceived social support, perceived threat

Küresel Bir Olayın (COVID-19) Diş Hekimlerinin Algıladığı Tehdit ve Sosyal Destek Üzerindeki Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 küresel olayı insan kaynaklarını psikolojik, davranışsal ve ekonomik olarak etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada, diş hekimlerinin algılarına dayalı olarak COVID-19 olayının etkileri ile algılanan tehdit ve sosyal destek arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Veriler, 1 Aralık 2020 ile 20 Ocak 2021 tarihleri ​​arasında çevrimiçi bir anket (n= 422) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Diş hekimlerine COVID-19 ile ilgili olarak algılanan tehdit ve algılanan sosyal destek hakkında sorular sorulmuştur.

Bulgular: COVID-19 olayı ile enfeksiyon korkusu, yüksek riskli işler, damgalanma ve uzaklaşma gibi algılanan tehditler arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. COVID-19 olayı ile algılanan sosyal destek arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Çalışma koşullarının COVID-19'a karşı daha koruyucu olmasını sağlamak, diş hekimlerinin enfeksiyon korkusunu ve yüksek iş riski algısının yanı sıra damgalanma ve mesafe koyma algılarını azaltabilmektedir. Ayrıca, pandemi sürecinde diş hekimlerinin daha motive olmalarına ve daha iyi hizmet vermelerine yardımcı olmak için sosyal destek uygulamaları hayata geçirilebilir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, Algılanan Sosyal Destek, Algılanan Tehdit, Diş Hekimliği

Kaynakça

• Si MY, Su XY, Jiang Y, et al. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on medical care workers in China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020;9:113. doi:10.1186/s40249-020-00724-0
• Bickes DM, Çizmeci B, Gover H, Pomak I. Investigation of health care workers’ stress, depression and anxiety levels in terms of work-related violence. J Human Sci. 2017;14:2628-2642. doi:10.14687/jhs.v14i3.4495
• Nabe-Nielsen K, Nilsson CJ, Juul-Madsen M, Bredal C, Hansen LOP, Hansen ÅM. COVID-19 risk management at the workplace, fear of infection and fear of transmission of infection among frontline employees. Occup Environ Med. 2021;78(4):248-254. doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-106831
• Ramaci T, Barattucci M, Ledda C, Rapisarda V. Social stigma during COVID-19 and its impact on HCWs outcomes. Sustainability. 2020;12:3834. doi:10.3390/su12093834
• Gasparro R, Scandurra C, Maldonato NM, et al. Perceived job insecurity and depressive symptoms among Italian dentists: The moderating role of fear of COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:5338. doi:10.3390/ijerph17155338
• Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3:e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
• Cawcutt KA, Starlin R, Rupp ME. Fighting fear in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020;41:1192-1193. doi:10.1017/ice.2020.315
• Grey I, Arora T, Thomas J, Saneh A, Tohme P, Abi-Habib R. The role of perceived social support on depression and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113452. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113452
• Xu J, Ou J, Luo S, et al. Perceived social support protects lonely people against COVID-19 anxiety: A three-wave longitudinal study in China. Front Psychol. 2020;11:566965. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566965
• Özmete E, Pak M. The relationship between anxiety levels and perceived social support during the pandemic of COVID-19 in Turkey. Soc Work Public Health. 2020;35:603-616. doi:10.1080/19371918.2020.1808144
• Chou KL. Assessing Chinese adolescents’ social support: the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Pers Individ Dif. 2000;28:299-307. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00098-7
• Thoresen S, Tambs K, Hussain A, Heir T, Johansen VA, Bisson JI. Brief measure of posttraumatic stress reactions: impact of Event Scale-6. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2010;45:405-412. doi:10.1007/s00127-009-0073-x
• Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS, Ullman JB. Using multivariate statistics.7th ed. Boston, MA: Pearson; 2007:481-498.
• Paredes MR, Apaolaza V, Fernandez-Robin C, Hartmann P, Yañez-Martinez D. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on subjective mental well-being: The interplay of perceived threat, future anxiety and resilience. Pers Individ Dif. 2021;15;170:110455. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110455
• Liu S, Lithopoulos A, Zhang CQ, Garcia-Barrera MA, Rhodes RE. Personality and perceived stress during COVID-19 pandemic: Testing the mediating role of perceived threat and efficacy. Pers Individ Dif. 2021;1;168:110351. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110351
• Irshad M, Khattak SA, Hassan MM, Majeed M, Bashir S. Withdrawn: How perceived threat of Covid-19 causes turnover intention among Pakistani nurses: A moderation and mediation analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2021;30(1):350. doi:10.1111/inm.12775
• Kavaklı M, Ak M, Uğuz F, Türkmen O. The mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived COVID-19 threat and death anxiety. Turkish J Clinical Psychiatr, 2020;23(supp 1):15-23. doi:10.5505/kpd.2020.59862
• Hatun, O, Dicle, A, Demirci, İ. Psychological reflections of the coronavirus pandemic and coping with pandemic. Turkish Studies. 2020;15(4):531-554. doi:10.7827/TurkishStudies.44364
• Klümper L, Sürth S. Keep me updated! Social support as a coping strategy to reduce the perceived threat caused by the cognitive availability of COVID-19 relevant information. Curr Psychol. 2021;16:1-16. doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01951-w
• Kabasakal, Z, Aktaş A. Investigation of Individuals’ Perception of Social Support and Family Climate During Covid-19 Pandemic. Western Anatolia Journal of Educational Sciences. 2021;12(1):145-157.
• Karal, E, Biçer, B. Salgın hastalık döneminde algılanan sosyal desteğin bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlığı üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Birey ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;10(19):129-156.