Knowledge Attitude and Practice Regarding Screening of Breast Cancer Among Women in Karachi, Pakistan

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 301 - 314, 30.09.2019

Erum Khan , Abdullah Bin Khalıd Adina Anwar Nadia Safeer

https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.476021

Cited By: 1

Öz

Breast cancer in women is a major health
burden both in developed and developing countries. Breast cancer leads second
cause of death in worldwide and as well as in Pakistan. A breast cancer is one
of the preventable cancers of the body. Self-breast examination is a very easy
tool for early screening but lack of awareness regarding breast cancer is a
major hurdle in breast cancer diagnosis at an early stage. The aim of the study
is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding screening of Breast
Cancer among Women in Karachi, Pakistan. Study type is cross sectional study
and designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the screening
of breast cancer in general population of Karachi. The sample size of this
study consisted of 336 volunteer female individuals. The questionnaire
contained 10 questions pertaining to knowledge of breast cancer, 3 questions
about of attitude of females and 4 questions about screening of breast cancer.
Out of 336 participants 94% (n=316) females which were married and 6% (n=20)
others were widow. As far as the knowledge was concerned there was family
history of breast cancer in 31.3% females and no family history 83.2%
patients.  Responding to the question
about “do you practice SBE (Self Breast examination)” majority of females 72%
were in proper practice of SBE while 28% females were not in proper practice. In
conclusion, findings showed that the level of awareness of breast cancer i.e.
knowledge of about breast cancer alarming signs, risk factors, screening
program and breast self-examination  were
very inadequate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Breast Self-Examination, Clinical Breast Examination, Breast Cancer

Pakistan, Karaçi'deki Kadınlar Arasında Meme Kanseri Taraması Uygulaması ve Bilgi Tutumu

Öz

Kadınlarda meme kanseri hem gelişmiş hem de
gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Meme kanseri, dünya
genelinde ve Pakistan'da ikinci ölüm nedenidir. Meme kanseri, önlenebilir
kanserlerden birisidir. Kendi kendine meme muayenesi erken tarama için çok
kolay bir araçtır, ancak meme kanseri ile ilgili farkındalık eksikliği meme
kanserinin erken evre tanısında büyük bir engeldir. Araştırmanın amacı,
Karaçi'de (Pakistan) Kadınlarda Meme Kanseri taraması ile ilgili bilgi, tutum
ve uygulamayı değerlendirmektir. Bu araştırma Karaçi genel popülasyonunda meme
kanserinin taranması hakkındaki bilgi, tutum ve pratiği değerlendirmek üzere
tasarlanmış kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Bu çalışmada örneklem büyüklüğü 336
gönüllü kadın bireyden oluşmuştur. Anket meme kanser bilgisi ile ilgili 10
soru, kadınların tutumu hakkında 3 soru ve meme kanserinin taranmasıyla ilgili
4 sorudan oluşmaktadır. 336 katılımcıdan% 94'ü (n = 316) evli olan kadınlar ve
% 6'sı (n = 20) ya dul idi. Bilindiği kadarıyla, ailede % 31,3'ünde meme
kanseri öyküsü vardı ve % 83,2’inde hiçbir aile yoktu. “Kendi Kendine Meme
Muayenesi yapıyor musunuz?” sorusuna yanıt veren kadınların çoğunluğu % 72'si
kendi kendine meme muayenesini uygulamazken, % 28'i uygulamıştı. Çalışmamız,
kadınların meme kanseri taraması açısından yetersiz bilgi, tutum ve uygulama
sergilediklerini ortaya koymuştur. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kendi kendine meme muayenesi, klinik meme muayenesi, meme kanseri

Kaynakça

• Steven S. Coughlin, Donatus U. Ekwueme, Breast cancer as a global health concern. Cancer Epidemiology. 2009;33(5):315-8.
• Talley CH, Yang L, Williams KP. Breast cancer screening paved with good intentions: Asian Pacific Journal Prevention. 2016;18. Doi: 10.1007/s10903-016-0355-9.
• Noreen M, Murad S, Furqan M, et al (). Knowledge and awareness about breast cancer and its early symptoms among medical and non-medical students of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prevention. 2015;16:979-84. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.3.97
• Gilani SI, Khurram M, Mazhar T, Mir ST, Ali S, Tariq S, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practice of a Pakistani female cohort towards breast cancer. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;60:205-8.
• Sohail S, Alam SN. Breast cancer in Pakistan - awareness and early detection. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2007;17:711-2.
• Lam WW, Chan CP, Chan CF, Mak CC, Chan CF, Chong KW, et al. Factors affecting the palpability of breast lesion by self-examination. Singapore Med J. 2008;49:228-32.
• Ibrahim NA, Oludara MA: Socio demographic factors and reasons associated with delay in breast cancer presentation: A study in Nigerian women. Breast. 2012;21:416-418.
• Myers ER, Moorman P, Gierisch JM, Havrilesky LJ, Grimm LJ, Ghate S, et al. Benefits and harms of breast cancer screening: A systematic review. JAMA. 2015; 314:1615-34.
• Taplin SH, Ichikawa L, Yood MU, Manos MM, Geiger AM, Weinmann S, et al. Reason for late-stage breast cancer: Absence of screening or detection, or breakdown in follow-up? J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:1518-27.
• Karayut O, Ozmen D, Cetinkaya AC. Awareness of breast cancer risk factors and practice of breast self examination among high school students in Turkey. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:359. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-359.
• Olajide TO, Ugburo AO, Habeebo MO, et al. Awareness and practice of breast screening and its impact on early detection and presentation among breast cancer patients attending a clinic in Lagos, Nigeria, Nigar J Clin Pract. 2014;17:802-7.
• Smith RA, Cokkinides V, Brawley OW. Cancer screening in the United States, 2009: a review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009;59(1):27-41.
• U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cancer. http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/USpstf/uspsbrca.htm. Accessed: August 14, 2011.
• Agarwal G, Ramakant P. Breast cancer care in India: The current scenario and the challenges for the future. Breast Care (Basel). 2008;3:21-7.
• Coughlin SS, Thompson TD, Hall HI, Logan P, Uhler RJ. Breast and cervical carcinoma screening practices among women in rural and nonrural areas of the United States, 1998-1999. Cancer. 2002;94:2801-12.
• Wardle J, Robb K, Vernon S, Waller J. American Psychological Association. 2015;70(2):119.20133. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037.
• Bhurgri Y, Bhurgri A, Nishter S, Ahmed A, Usman A, Pervez S, et al. Pakistan country profile of cancer and cancer control 1995-2004. J Pak Med Assoc. 2006;56:124-30.
• Mia MS. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Breast Cancer Among Medical Students of Bangladesh: A Protocol Study. Master thesis in Public health.2007.
• Luyeye MG, Postema S, Marchal G, et al. From the set-up of a screening program of breast cancer patients to the identification of the first BRCA mutation in the DR Congo. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:759.
• David B. Thomas, Dao Li Gao, Roberta M Ray, et al. Self-randomized trial of breast self-examination in shanghai: Final results. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94:1445-57.
• McTiernan A. Behavioral risk factors in breast cancer: can risk be modified? Oncologist. 2003;8:326–34.
• Amr SS, Ahmed H, Ibrahim AS, Mohamed R. Trends in breast cancer incidence rates by age and stage at diagnosis in Gharbiah, Egypt, over 10 years (1999–2008). J Cancer Epidemiol. 2013. Doi: 10.1155/2013/916394.
• Montazeri A, Vahdaninia M, Harirchi I, et al. Breast cancer in Iran: need for greater women awareness of warning signs and effective screening methods. Asia Pac Fam Med. 2008;7(1):6. Doi: 10.1186/1447-056X-7-6.
• Elmore JG, Nakano CY, Linden HM, et al. Racial inequities in the timing of breast cancer detection, diagnosis, and initiation of treatment. Med Care. 2005;43(2):141-8.