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Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin 'E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği'nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Yıl 2024, , 484 - 493, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1259127

Öz

Amaç: Çalışma, Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Metodolojik tipte olan bu araştırma, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören 291 hemşirelik öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında öğrencilerin demografik özelliklerini inceleyen anket formu ile Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın istatistiksel analizleri SPSS 22 ve AMOS 22 kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin faktör yapısı ve doğrulanması sırasıyla Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılığında Cronbach’ın alfa ve madde-toplam skor istatistikleri, ölçeğin zamana karşı değişmezliği de sınıf içi korelasyon katsayıları ve korelasyon katsayılarından yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Sonuçlar, mükemmel güvenilirliği göstermiştir (İçerik Geçerlilik İndeksi= 0.99, Cronbach's α = 0.87). Bireysel maddeler için test-tekrar test güvenilirliğinin sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı 0.41 ile 0.76 arasında değişmektedir. 11 madde ve 2 faktörlü Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda, χ^2 değeri (70.690, p = 0.003<0.05) istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı, χ^2/s.s = 1.72<2, GFI = 0.96>0.90, RMSEA = 0.050<0.08, NFI =0.943>0.90, CFI =0.975>0.90 ve IFI=0.90 olarak bulunmuştur. Buradan, iki faktörlü yapının AFA ile uyumlu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca birinci ve ikinci test skorları arasındaki korelasyon katsayıları istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı ve toplam ölçek için 0.98, alt ölçekler için 0.97 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Sonuç: Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu ve dolayısıyla Türkçe konuşan hemşirelik öğrencileri arasında e-öğrenme konusunda tutumlarını ölçmek için kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi S, Ayoob T, Malik A, Memon SI. (2020). Perceptions of students regarding E-learning during Covid-19 at a private medical college. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), 57-61.
  • Ahmed H, Allaf M, Elghazaly H. (2020). COVID-19 and medical education. Lancet Infection Disaster, 20(7),777- 778.
  • Akyürek G, Efe A, Bumin G. (2022). Turkish adaptation of the executive functions and occupational routines scale: validity and reliability among children with dyslexia. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 00315125221142650.
  • Ali N, Jamil B, Sethi A, Ali S. (2016). Attitude of nursing students towards e-learning. Advances in Health Professions Education, 2(1), 24-29.
  • Amir H, Windasari DP, Sriyanah N, Ilyas H, Alam RI, Ernasari E, Agus AI. (2022). Students’ perceptions of online learning in nursing education in the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(4), 396-403.
  • Bertea P. (2009). Measuring Students’attitude Towards E-Learning. A Case Study. The 5th International Scientific Conference E-Learning and Software For Education. 5(1), 417-424.
  • Biçer H, Korucu AT. (2020). E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanmasi. Eğitim teknolojisi kuram ve uygulama, 10(1), 237-256.
  • Calhoun KE, Yale LA, Whipple ME, Allen SM, Wood DE, Tatum RP. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on medical student surgical education: Implementing extreme pandemic response measures in a widely distributed surgical clerkship experience. American Journal of Surgery, 220(1), 44-47.
  • Cervera-Gasch Á, González-Chordá VM, Mena-Tudela D. (2020). COVID-19: Are Spanish medicine and nursing students prepared? Nurse Education Today, 92,104473.
  • Cheek RE, Shaver JL, Lentz MJ. (2004). Variations in sleep hygiene practices of women with and without insomnia. Research in Nursing & Health, 27(4), 225-236.
  • Chong MC, Francis K, Cooper S, Abdullah K, Hmwe NTT, Sohod S. (2016). Access to, interest in and attitude toward e-learning for continuous education among Malaysian nurses. Nurse Education Today, 36, 370-374.
  • Clark RC, Mayer RE. (2016). E-learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning, 4 ed. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey.
  • Çokluk Ö, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve Lisrel uygulamaları. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık; 2012.
  • Dhamija N. (2014). Attitude of undergraduate students towards the use of e-learning. MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends and Practices, 4(1), 123-135.
  • Dal Santo L, Peña-Jimenez M, Canzan F, Saiani L, Battistelli A. (2022). The emotional side of the e-learning among nursing students: The role of the affective correlates on e-learning satisfaction. Nurse Education Today, 110, 1-8. 105268.
  • Deschênes MF, Goudreau J, Fontaine G, Charette M, Da Silva KB, Maheu-Cadotte MA, Boyer L. (2019). Theoretical foundations of educational strategies used in e-learning environments for developing clinical reasoning in nursing students: A scoping review. Nurse Education in Practice, 41, 1-9. 102632.
  • Efendi S, Agus AI, Syatriani S, Amir H, Alam RI, Nurdin S, ve ark. (2022). The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Quality of Sleep of Cancer Patients. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(G), 99-104.
  • Ekici E, Uysal N, Aydın B. (2022). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education and Science, 12(1), 228-233.
  • Ercan İ, Kan İ. (2004). Ölçeklerde Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3), 211-216.
  • Esin MN. (2014). Veri toplama yöntem ve araçları & veri toplama araçlarının güvenirlik ve geçerliği. Erdoğan S, Nahçivan N. editörler. Hemşirelikte Araştırma: Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri. p.193- 234.
  • Fitzgerald A, Konrad S. (2021). Transition in learning during COVID-19: Student nurse anxiety, stress, and resource support. Nursing Forum, 56(2), 298-304.
  • Fontaine G, Cossette S, Maheu-Cadotte MA, Mailhot T, Deschênes MF, Mathieu Dupuis G. (2017). Effectiveness of adaptive e-learning environments on knowledge, competence, and behavior in health professionals and students: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Research Protocols, 6(7), e128.
  • Guillasper J, Soriano GP, Oducado RMF. (2020). Psychometric properties of ’attitude towards e-learning scale’ among Nursing students. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 30(1-3), 1-5.
  • Gülbahar Y. (2012). E-Öğrenme Ortamlarında Katılımcıların Hazır Bulunuşluk ve Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Ölçülmesi için Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 45(2), 119-137.
  • İlter İ, Izgar G, (2022). Adaptation of the good teaching, scale into Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Journal of Teacher Education and Lifelong Learning, 4(2), 133-149.
  • Kala S, Isaramalai SA, Pohthong A. (2010). Electronic learning and constructivism: A model for nursing education. Nurse Education Today, 30(1), 61-66.
  • Karakaş M. (2020). Covid-19 salgınının çok boyutlu sosyolojisi ve yeni normal meselesi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, 40(1), 541-573.
  • Keskin S, Şahin M, Uluç S, Yurdugul H. (2020). Online learners’ interactions and social anxiety: The social anxiety scale for e-learning environments (SASE). Interactive Learning Environments, 1-13.
  • Labrague LJ, McEnroe-Petitte DM, Gloe D, Thomas L, Papathanasiou IV, Tsaras K. (2017). A literature review on stress and coping strategies in nursing students. Journal of Mental Health, 26(5), 471-480.
  • Malicki A, Vergara FH, Van de Castle B, Goyeneche P, Mann S, Preston Scott M, ... & Whalen M. (2020). Gamification in Nursing Education: An Integrative Literature Review. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 51(11),509-515.
  • Opeyemi OZ, Adeyemi AA, Olajuwon TD, Nike O, Oloruntosin BSO. (2019). Perception of nursing students towards online learning: A case study of Lautech open and distance learning centre, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 4(4), 23-30.
  • Rhema A, Miliszewska I. (2014). Analysis of student attitudes towards e-learning: The case of engineering students in Libya. Issues in informing science and information Technology, 11, 169-190.
  • Rodrigues H, Almeida F, Figueiredo V, Lopes SL. (2019). Tracking e-learning through published papers: A systematic review. Computers & Education, 136, 87-98.
  • Ross DA. (2020). Creating a “quarantine curriculum” to enhance teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic Medicine, 95(8), 1125-1126.
  • Sklar DP. (2020). COVID-19: Lessons from the Disaster That Can Improve Health Professions Education. Academic Medicine, 95(11), 1631-1633.
  • Soriano GP, Calong KAC. (2019). Psychometric Evaluation of Filipino Version of Patient Satisfaction Instrument. Belitung Nursing Journal, 5(6), 251-256.
  • Şencan H. (2005). Güvenilirlik ve korelasyon analizleri. Sosyal ve Davranışsal Ölçümlerde Güvenirlilik ve Geçerlilik. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları. p.253-812.
  • Xing W, Ao L, Xiao H, Cheng L, Liang Y, Wang J. (2018). Nurses’ attitudes toward, and needs for online learning: differences between rural and urban hospitals in Shanghai, East China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7), 1495.
  • Xing W, Ao L, Xiao H, Liang L. (2020). Chinese nurses' preferences for and attitudes about e-learning in continuing education: a correlational study. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 51(2), 87-96.
  • Woolliscroft JO. (2020). Innovation in response to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Academic Medicine, 95(8), 1140-1142.
  • Valverde-Berrocoso J, Garrido-Arroyo MDC, Burgos-Videla C, Morales-Cevallos MB. (2020). Trends in educational research about e-learning: A systematic literature review (2009-2018). Sustainability, 12(12), 5153.
  • Voutilainen A, Saaranen T, Sormunen M. (2017). Conventional vs. e-learning in nursing education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Education Today, 50, 97-103.
  • Wittich CM, Agrawal A, Cook DA, Halvorsen AJ, Mandrekar JN, Chaudhry S, ... & Beckman TJ. (2017). E-learning in graduate medical education: survey of residency program directors. BMC Medical Education, 17(1), 1-7.
  • Yeşilyurt S, Çapraz C. (2018). Ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarında kullanılan kapsam geçerliği için bir yol haritası. Erzincan üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 251-64.
  • Zabadi A, Al-Alawi A. (2016). University students’ attitudes towards e-learning: University of Business and Technology (UBT)-Saudi Arabia-Jeddah: A case study. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(6), 286-295.

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of Nursing Students' Attitude Scale Towards E-Learning

Yıl 2024, , 484 - 493, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1259127

Öz

Objective: The study was carried out to adapt the Nursing Students' Attitude Scale towards E-Learning to Turkish.
Method: This methodological study was conducted with the participation of 291 nursing students studying at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing. A questionnaire examining the demographic characteristics, the Attitude Scale of Nursing Students towards E-Learning were used to collect the data. The factor structure and validation of the scale were performed with Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, respectively. Cronbach's alpha and item-total score statistics were used for the internal consistency of the scale, and intra-class correlation coefficients and correlation coefficients tests were used for the invariance of the scale against time.
Results: The results demonstrated excellent reliability (Content Validity Index= 0.99, Cronbach's α=0.87). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of test-retest reliability for individual items ranged from 0.41 to 0.76. As a result of 11 items and 2-factor Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), χ^2 value (70,690, p = 0.003<0.05) was statistically significant, χ^2/s.s=1.72<2, GFI=0.96>0.90, RMSEA=0.050<0.08, NFI=0.943>0.90, CFI=0.975>0.90, and IFI=0.90. From this, it was concluded that the two-factor structure was compatible with the AFA. In addition, the correlation coefficients between the first and second test scores were statistically significant and calculated as 0.98 for the total scale and 0.97 for the subscales.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the Turkish version of the Nursing Students' Attitude Scale towards E-Learning is a valid and reliable measurement tool, and therefore can be used to measure attitudes towards e-learning among Turkish nursing students.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi S, Ayoob T, Malik A, Memon SI. (2020). Perceptions of students regarding E-learning during Covid-19 at a private medical college. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4), 57-61.
  • Ahmed H, Allaf M, Elghazaly H. (2020). COVID-19 and medical education. Lancet Infection Disaster, 20(7),777- 778.
  • Akyürek G, Efe A, Bumin G. (2022). Turkish adaptation of the executive functions and occupational routines scale: validity and reliability among children with dyslexia. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 00315125221142650.
  • Ali N, Jamil B, Sethi A, Ali S. (2016). Attitude of nursing students towards e-learning. Advances in Health Professions Education, 2(1), 24-29.
  • Amir H, Windasari DP, Sriyanah N, Ilyas H, Alam RI, Ernasari E, Agus AI. (2022). Students’ perceptions of online learning in nursing education in the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Health Sciences, 6(4), 396-403.
  • Bertea P. (2009). Measuring Students’attitude Towards E-Learning. A Case Study. The 5th International Scientific Conference E-Learning and Software For Education. 5(1), 417-424.
  • Biçer H, Korucu AT. (2020). E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanmasi. Eğitim teknolojisi kuram ve uygulama, 10(1), 237-256.
  • Calhoun KE, Yale LA, Whipple ME, Allen SM, Wood DE, Tatum RP. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on medical student surgical education: Implementing extreme pandemic response measures in a widely distributed surgical clerkship experience. American Journal of Surgery, 220(1), 44-47.
  • Cervera-Gasch Á, González-Chordá VM, Mena-Tudela D. (2020). COVID-19: Are Spanish medicine and nursing students prepared? Nurse Education Today, 92,104473.
  • Cheek RE, Shaver JL, Lentz MJ. (2004). Variations in sleep hygiene practices of women with and without insomnia. Research in Nursing & Health, 27(4), 225-236.
  • Chong MC, Francis K, Cooper S, Abdullah K, Hmwe NTT, Sohod S. (2016). Access to, interest in and attitude toward e-learning for continuous education among Malaysian nurses. Nurse Education Today, 36, 370-374.
  • Clark RC, Mayer RE. (2016). E-learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning, 4 ed. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey.
  • Çokluk Ö, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve Lisrel uygulamaları. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık; 2012.
  • Dhamija N. (2014). Attitude of undergraduate students towards the use of e-learning. MIER Journal of Educational Studies Trends and Practices, 4(1), 123-135.
  • Dal Santo L, Peña-Jimenez M, Canzan F, Saiani L, Battistelli A. (2022). The emotional side of the e-learning among nursing students: The role of the affective correlates on e-learning satisfaction. Nurse Education Today, 110, 1-8. 105268.
  • Deschênes MF, Goudreau J, Fontaine G, Charette M, Da Silva KB, Maheu-Cadotte MA, Boyer L. (2019). Theoretical foundations of educational strategies used in e-learning environments for developing clinical reasoning in nursing students: A scoping review. Nurse Education in Practice, 41, 1-9. 102632.
  • Efendi S, Agus AI, Syatriani S, Amir H, Alam RI, Nurdin S, ve ark. (2022). The Effect of Benson Relaxation on Quality of Sleep of Cancer Patients. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(G), 99-104.
  • Ekici E, Uysal N, Aydın B. (2022). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan eğitime yönelik tutumları. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi/Journal of Higher Education and Science, 12(1), 228-233.
  • Ercan İ, Kan İ. (2004). Ölçeklerde Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(3), 211-216.
  • Esin MN. (2014). Veri toplama yöntem ve araçları & veri toplama araçlarının güvenirlik ve geçerliği. Erdoğan S, Nahçivan N. editörler. Hemşirelikte Araştırma: Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. 1. Baskı. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri. p.193- 234.
  • Fitzgerald A, Konrad S. (2021). Transition in learning during COVID-19: Student nurse anxiety, stress, and resource support. Nursing Forum, 56(2), 298-304.
  • Fontaine G, Cossette S, Maheu-Cadotte MA, Mailhot T, Deschênes MF, Mathieu Dupuis G. (2017). Effectiveness of adaptive e-learning environments on knowledge, competence, and behavior in health professionals and students: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR Research Protocols, 6(7), e128.
  • Guillasper J, Soriano GP, Oducado RMF. (2020). Psychometric properties of ’attitude towards e-learning scale’ among Nursing students. International Journal of Educational Sciences, 30(1-3), 1-5.
  • Gülbahar Y. (2012). E-Öğrenme Ortamlarında Katılımcıların Hazır Bulunuşluk ve Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Ölçülmesi için Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 45(2), 119-137.
  • İlter İ, Izgar G, (2022). Adaptation of the good teaching, scale into Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study. Journal of Teacher Education and Lifelong Learning, 4(2), 133-149.
  • Kala S, Isaramalai SA, Pohthong A. (2010). Electronic learning and constructivism: A model for nursing education. Nurse Education Today, 30(1), 61-66.
  • Karakaş M. (2020). Covid-19 salgınının çok boyutlu sosyolojisi ve yeni normal meselesi. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, 40(1), 541-573.
  • Keskin S, Şahin M, Uluç S, Yurdugul H. (2020). Online learners’ interactions and social anxiety: The social anxiety scale for e-learning environments (SASE). Interactive Learning Environments, 1-13.
  • Labrague LJ, McEnroe-Petitte DM, Gloe D, Thomas L, Papathanasiou IV, Tsaras K. (2017). A literature review on stress and coping strategies in nursing students. Journal of Mental Health, 26(5), 471-480.
  • Malicki A, Vergara FH, Van de Castle B, Goyeneche P, Mann S, Preston Scott M, ... & Whalen M. (2020). Gamification in Nursing Education: An Integrative Literature Review. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 51(11),509-515.
  • Opeyemi OZ, Adeyemi AA, Olajuwon TD, Nike O, Oloruntosin BSO. (2019). Perception of nursing students towards online learning: A case study of Lautech open and distance learning centre, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 4(4), 23-30.
  • Rhema A, Miliszewska I. (2014). Analysis of student attitudes towards e-learning: The case of engineering students in Libya. Issues in informing science and information Technology, 11, 169-190.
  • Rodrigues H, Almeida F, Figueiredo V, Lopes SL. (2019). Tracking e-learning through published papers: A systematic review. Computers & Education, 136, 87-98.
  • Ross DA. (2020). Creating a “quarantine curriculum” to enhance teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Academic Medicine, 95(8), 1125-1126.
  • Sklar DP. (2020). COVID-19: Lessons from the Disaster That Can Improve Health Professions Education. Academic Medicine, 95(11), 1631-1633.
  • Soriano GP, Calong KAC. (2019). Psychometric Evaluation of Filipino Version of Patient Satisfaction Instrument. Belitung Nursing Journal, 5(6), 251-256.
  • Şencan H. (2005). Güvenilirlik ve korelasyon analizleri. Sosyal ve Davranışsal Ölçümlerde Güvenirlilik ve Geçerlilik. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları. p.253-812.
  • Xing W, Ao L, Xiao H, Cheng L, Liang Y, Wang J. (2018). Nurses’ attitudes toward, and needs for online learning: differences between rural and urban hospitals in Shanghai, East China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(7), 1495.
  • Xing W, Ao L, Xiao H, Liang L. (2020). Chinese nurses' preferences for and attitudes about e-learning in continuing education: a correlational study. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 51(2), 87-96.
  • Woolliscroft JO. (2020). Innovation in response to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Academic Medicine, 95(8), 1140-1142.
  • Valverde-Berrocoso J, Garrido-Arroyo MDC, Burgos-Videla C, Morales-Cevallos MB. (2020). Trends in educational research about e-learning: A systematic literature review (2009-2018). Sustainability, 12(12), 5153.
  • Voutilainen A, Saaranen T, Sormunen M. (2017). Conventional vs. e-learning in nursing education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Education Today, 50, 97-103.
  • Wittich CM, Agrawal A, Cook DA, Halvorsen AJ, Mandrekar JN, Chaudhry S, ... & Beckman TJ. (2017). E-learning in graduate medical education: survey of residency program directors. BMC Medical Education, 17(1), 1-7.
  • Yeşilyurt S, Çapraz C. (2018). Ölçek geliştirme çalışmalarında kullanılan kapsam geçerliği için bir yol haritası. Erzincan üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 251-64.
  • Zabadi A, Al-Alawi A. (2016). University students’ attitudes towards e-learning: University of Business and Technology (UBT)-Saudi Arabia-Jeddah: A case study. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(6), 286-295.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik, Hemşirelik Eğitimi
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Fatma Birgili 0000-0001-5017-0225

Nezihe Bulut Uğurlu 0000-0003-2860-1169

Nevin Güler Dincer 0000-0003-0361-1803

Güllü Yazkan 0000-0002-7103-4625

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 4 Haziran 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Birgili, F., Bulut Uğurlu, N., Güler Dincer, N., Yazkan, G. (2024). Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin ’E-Öğrenmeye Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 484-493. https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1259127