Investigation of Pressure Injury Risk and Affecting Factors in Patients Undergoing Surgical Intervention

Yıl 2024, , 655 - 666, 01.12.2024

Tülay Kılınç , Zeynep Karaman Özlü , Ayşegül Yayla , Nurhan Bağaçlı

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1370576

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to examination the risk of pressure injury and the factors affecting in patients undergoing surgical intervention.
Methods: The descriptive study was conducted in the operating room department of a university hospital between July and December 2022. The study was completed with 400 patients. "Patient Information Form" and "3S Intraoperative Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Scale" were used to collect the data. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, number, etc.), Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: The study determined that the mean score of the 3S Intraoperative Pressure Injury Risk Assessment Scale was 15.66±4.21; the risk of pressure injury was 8,5%. Age (β=0.052), BMI (β=0.153), steroid use (β=1.580), intraoperative blood loss status (β=2.470.), intraoperative hypotension development status (β=1.470), intraoperative hypothermia development status (β=2.988), operative time (β=5.164), preoperative albumin (β=-0.435) and blood glucose (β=0.011) levels were found to be statistically significant risk factors for the development of pressure injury (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that the risk of pressure injury was low in surgical patients. Some sociodemographic characteristics, the use of steroid drugs, the level of albumin and blood glucose before surgery, blood loss during surgery, hypotension and the development of hypothermia were found to be factors affecting pressure injury. In addition, it was concluded that the most important factor affecting the development of pressure injury was the operation's duration was longer than 6 hours.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Operating room, Pressure injury, Surgical intervention, Nurse

Cerrahi Girişim Uygulanan Hastalarda Basınç Yaralanması Riski ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Araştırma cerrahi girişim uygulanan hastalarda basınç yaralanması riski ve etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikte tasarlanan araştırma Temmuz-Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin ameliyathane bölümünde yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 400 hasta ile tamamlanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında “Hasta Bilgi Formu” ve “3S Ameliyathane Basınç Yarası Risk Tanılama Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler (yüzde, ortalama, sayı vb), Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmada hastaların 3S Ameliyathane Basınç Yarası Risk Tanılama Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamasının 15.66±4.21; basınç yaralanması riskinin %8.5 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaş (β=0.052), BKI (β=0.153), steroid kullanımı (β=1.580), ameliyat sırası kan kaybı gelişme durumu (β=2.470.), ameliyat sırası hipotansiyon gelişme durumu (β=1.470), ameliyat sırası hipotermi gelişme durumu (β=2.988), ameliyat süresi (β=5.164), ameliyat öncesi albümin (β=-0.435) ve kan glukoz (β=0.011) düzeyinin basınç yaralanması gelişimi için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı risk faktörleri olduğu saptanmıştır (p < 0.05).
Sonuç: Araştırmada cerrahi hastalarında basınç yaralanması riskinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bazı sosyodemografik özellikler, steroid ilaç kullanımı, ameliyat öncesi albümin ve kan glukoz düzeyi, ameliyat sırasında kan kaybı, hipotansiyon ve hipotermi gelişiminin basınç yaralanmasını etkileyen faktörler olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca basınç yaralanması gelişimini etkileyen en önemli faktörün ameliyatın süresinin 6 saatten uzun olması sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ameliyathane, Basınç yaralanması, Cerrahi girişim, Hemşire

Kaynakça

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