Bipolar Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere Uygulanan Hemşirelik Müdahalelerinin Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi: Sistematik İnceleme

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 365 - 377, 25.03.2026

Reyhan Eskiyurt , Ayşe Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1558361

https://izlik.org/JA27BR42YB

Öz

Amaç: Bipolar bozukluk mani, hipomani ve/veya çökkünlük dönemlerinin olduğu, ataklarla seyreden kronik bir ruhsal hastalıktır. Eğitim, bipolar bozukluğun idame tedavisi için ilk basamakta önerilmektedir. Bu araştırma, bipolar bozukluğu olan bireylere uygulanan psikososyal müdahale çalışmalarından elde edilen bulguları sentezlemek ve bu müdahalelerin etkinliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, PRISMA kontrol listeleri kullanılmıştır. Taramalar PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost-Medline, Scopus ve TR Dizin veri tabanları kullanılarak 01 Temmuz- 01 Ağustos 2024 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Taramalarda bipolar bozukluk/bipolar disorder, hemşirelik/nursing ve symptom management/psychoeducation terimleri kullanılmıştır. Tüm aday makaleler araştırmanın yazarları tarafından dahil etme ve dışlama kriterlerini içeren sistematik yaklaşımlarla değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Sistematik derlemeye 5’i randomize kontrollü, 2’si yarı deneysel ve 2’si denyesel yöntem olmak üzere toplam 9 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaların örneklem grubunu 18-65 yaş aralığındaki toplam 342 kadın ve 362 erkek birey oluşturmuştur. İncelenen çalışmaların müdahalesi psikoeğitim, işbirliğine dayalı bakım, evde hemşirelik bakımı, sistematik hemşirelik uygulaması, tedaviye uyum eğitimi, motivasyonel görüşme, fiziksel egzersiz ve gevşeme yöntemi programından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmalar içselleştirilmiş damgalama, genel işlevsellik, özerklik, serbest zaman değerlendirme, bilişsel işlevler, fiziksel sağlık, yaşam kalitesi, hastalığın tekrarlama oranları, hastalığın şiddeti, tedaviye uyum, öz-yeterlilik, ruhsal durum, sosyal işlevsellik, duygusal tutarlılık, saldırganlık belirtileri ve uyku kalitesi gibi çeşitli sonuç ölçümlerini içermektedir. Sonuç: Hemşireler tarafından uygulanan müdahalelerin hastalığın semptomları, işlevsellik, yaşam kalitesi ve tedaviye uyumda etkili olduğu ancak hastalığın tekrarlama oranlarına etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Psikoeğitimsel müdahaleler hastaların kendi sağlıklarını yönetmede aktif rol oynamalarını sağlayan önemli bir adım olarak önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Duygudurum bozukluğu , hasta eğitimi , hemşirelik , öz yönetim

Etik Beyan

Sistematik Derleme

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Teşekkür

Yok

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Nursing Interventions for Individuals with Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

https://izlik.org/JA27BR42YB

Öz

Objective: Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness characterized by episodes of mania, hypomania and/or depression. Education is recommended in the first line for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. This study was conducted to synthesize the findings obtained from psychosocial intervention studies applied to individuals with bipolar disorder; and to evaluate the efficacy of these interventions. Methods: PRISMA checklists were used in this study. Searches were conducted between 01 July and 01 August 2024 using PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost-Medline, Scopus and TR Index databases. The terms bipolar disorder, nursing and symptom management/psychoeducation were used in the searches. All candidate articles were evaluated by the authors using systematic approaches including inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of 9 studies, including 5 randomized controlled, 2 quasi-experimental and 2 experimental methods, were included in the systematic review. The sample group of the studies consisted of 342 female and 362 male individuals between the ages of 18-65. The intervention of the reviewed studies consisted of psychoeducation, collaborative care, home nursing care, systematic nursing practice, treatment compliance training, motivational interviewing, physical exercise and relaxation method programme. Studies have included a variety of outcome measures such as internalised stigma, general functioning, autonomy, leisure time assessment, cognitive functioning, physical health, quality of life, recurrence rates, severity of illness, treatment adherence, self-efficacy, mental state, social functioning, emotional stability, symptoms of aggression and sleep quality. Conclusion: It was found that the interventions applied by nurses were effective in the symptoms of the disease, functionality, quality of life and compliance with treatment, but had no effect on the recurrence rates of the disease. Psychoeducational interventions are recommended as an important step to enable patients to play an active role in managing their health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mood disorders , patient education , nursing , self-management

Kaynakça

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