Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Kapsamında İnfertilite ve Damgalanma: Bir Sistematik Derleme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 93 - 103, 06.04.2022

Burcu Öskan Fırat Nevin Hotun Şahin

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.933034

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma infertil bireylerin toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri kapsamında yaşadıkları damgalanma deneyimlerini ele alan araştırmaların sonuçlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmış bir sistematik derlemedir.
Yöntem: 20 Ekim-18 Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus ve Google Scholar elektronik veri tabanlarında “infertility”, “stigma”, “stigmatisation”, “gender roles” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak tarama yapılmış ve 2015-2020 yılları arasında infertil bireylerin damgalanma durumunu değerlendiren ve İngilizce yayınlanan 16 çalışma sistematik derlemeye dâhil edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma sonuçları incelendiğinde, infertil kadınların normal olmama, gebe kalamama nedeniyle damgalandıkları, kendilerini “yarım kadın” veya “eksik kadın” olarak algıladıkları, infertil erklerin ise “sperm üretemeyen erkek daha az erkektir” veya “yarım erkek” gibi belli normları içselleştirdikleri ve kendilerini damgaladıkları saptanmıştır. Damgalanma düzeylerinin değiştiği ve bazı grupların daha fazla damgalanma riski taşıdığı bulunmuştur. İnfertil bireylerin damgalanmadan kaçınmak amacıyla kendilerini toplumdan izole ettikleri görülmüştür. İnfertil bireylerin stres, anksiyete, depresyon gibi psikolojik sorunlar yaşadığı ve damgalanma düzeyi arttıkça depresyon düzeylerinin de arttığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri kapsamında, infertil çiftlere uygulanan baskının azaltılması için toplumun bilinçlendirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Tedavi sürecinde hemşireler bakım verecekleri çiftleri birlikte değerlendirmeli ve psikososyal sorunlara yönelik çözümler sunmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnfertilite, damgalanma, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, hemşirelik

Infertility and Stigmatization within the Context of Gender Roles: A Systematic Review

Öz

Objective: This study is a systematic review aimed at evaluating the results of the studies on the stigmatization experiences of infertile individuals within the scope of gender roles.
Methods: Between 20 October and 18 November 2020, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched using the keywords "infertility", "stigma", "stigmatization", "gender roles".16 studies evaluating the stigmatization status of infertile individuals between 2015-2020 and published in English were included in the systematic review.
Results: When the results of the study were examined, it was found that infertile women were stigmatized due to not being normal and not being able to conceive. In addition, perceive themselves as "half woman" or "incomplete woman". Infertile men have been observed to internalize certain norms such as "the man who cannot produce sperm is less male" or "half man" and stigmatize themselves. It was found that the stigma levels varied and some groups were at greater risk of stigma. It has been observed that infertile individuals isolate themselves from the society in order to avoid stigmatization. It has been found that infertile individuals experience psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, and depression. In addition, it was found that as the level of stigma increased, depression levels also increased.
Conclusion: Within the scope of gender roles, it is very important to raise the awareness of the society in order to reduce the pressure applied to infertile couples. During the treatment process, nurses should evaluate the couples together and provide solutions for psychosocial problems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Infertility, stigma, gender roles, nursing

Kaynakça

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