The Effects of Inhaler Aromatherapy in Women with Essential Hypertension on Vital Signs and Anxiety: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 274 - 285, 05.12.2022

Hafize Özdemir Gürsel Öztunç

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.975802

Öz

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of inhaled aromatherapy applied to women with essential hypertension on blood pressure, pulse and anxiety levels.
Methods: This crossover design, single-blind study was conducted with 40 women with essential hypertension. Data were collected over two periods using a fully automatic sphygmomanometer, State Anxiety Scale, and recordings made with the BIOPAC MP 35 Data Acquisition System (Version 3.7.3, Santa Barbara, USA). In the first period of the study, inhaler aromatherapy was applied to the women once a day for two weeks, for five minutes, with a 5:3:2 ratio of lavender, bergamot and ylang-ylang aromatic oils. On the other hand, women receiving placebo were given sunflower oil inhalation once a day for five minutes for two weeks. After a one-week washout period, the groups changed places and the second phase of the study was started and the practices were continued for two more weeks. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured once a week to determine efficacy; in addition, State Anxiety Scale and Data Acquisition System records were taken once at the beginning and end of each period.
Results: It was found that in women with essential hypertension in the first week of inhaled aromatherapy, decreasing systolic (p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001), pulse rate (p<0.01), State Anxiety Score (p<0.001), body temperature (p˂0.05) and a significant decrease in respiratory depth (p˂0.05) from Data Acquisition System records.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that inhaled aromatherapy had positive effects on blood pressure, pulse and anxiety level for women with essential hypertension. For this reason, it may be recommended to include aromatherapy in nursing practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hypertension, aromatherapy, blood pressure, pulse, anxiety

Esansiyel Hipertansiyonu Olan Kadınlarda İnhaler Aromaterapinin Yaşam Bulguları ve Kaygı Üzerine Etkisi: Çapraz Desenli Klinik Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, esansiyel hipertansiyonu olan kadınlara uygulanan inhaler aromaterapinin yaşam bulguları ve kaygı düzeyine etkisini saptamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çapraz desenli tek kör nitelikteki bu çalışma esansiyel hipertansiyonu olan 40 kadın ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler tam otomatik tansiyon aleti, Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği ve BIOPAC MP 35 Veri Edinim Sistemi (Version 3.7.3, Santa Barbara, ABD) cihazı ile yapılan kayıtlar kullanılarak iki dönemde toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın birinci döneminde kadınlara iki hafta süresince günde bir kez, beşer dakika, 5:3:2 oranında lavanta, bergamot ve ylang-ylang aromatik yağ karışımıyla inhaler aromaterapi uygulanmıştır. Plasebo uygulanan kadınlara ise günde bir kez, beş dakika olmak üzere iki hafta süresince ayçiçek yağı inhalasyonu yaptırılmıştır. Bir haftalık arınma süresinin ardından gruplar yer değiştirmiş ve çalışmanın ikinci dönemine geçilerek uygulamalar iki hafta daha sürdürülmüştür. Etkinliği saptamak için haftada bir kez kan basıncı ve nabız hızı ölçülmüş; ayrıca dönemlerin başında ve sonunda birer kez Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği ve Veri Edinim Sistemi kayıtları alınmıştır.
Bulgular: İnhaler aromaterapinin ilk haftasında esansiyel hipertansiyonu olan kadınlarda sistolik (p<0.01) ve diyastolik kan basıncı (p=0.001), nabız hızı (p<0.01), durumluk kaygı puanı (p<0.001), Veri Edinim Sistemi kayıtlarından vücut sıcaklığı (p˂0.05) ve solunum derinliğinde (p˂0.05) anlamlı azalmanın olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları esansiyel hipertansiyonu olan kadınlara inhaler aromaterapinin kan basıncı, nabız ve kaygı düzeyi üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu nedenle hemşirelik uygulamalarında aromaterapi uygulamasına yer verilmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hipertansiyon, aromaterapi, kan basıncı, nabız, kaygı

Kaynakça

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