Knowledge, Behaviours and Affecting Factors About Human Papilloma Virus and Vaccination Among University Students

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 731 - 738, 15.10.2023

Daina Charnelle , Serap Tekbaş

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1170908

Öz

Objective: The purpose of this research was to evaluate knowledge and behaviours of university students about Human Papillomavirüs (HPV) infection and the HPV vaccine.
Method: This descriptive study was carried out between 05.04.2020 and 25.07.2020. The population of the research consisted of 267 international students studying in the law and engineering faculties of Near East University, and the sample group consisted of 213 international students. The data were collected through an online questionnaire developed by the researcher based on the literature review and consisting of four parts: demographic criteria, characteristics, behaviors of students regarding HPV infection and vaccine, information about HPV infection, and information about HPV vaccine. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 program and the analysis results were interpreted at the p<0.05 significance level.
Results: The average age of the participants in our study was 22.05±2.31 and 19.2% of them were vaccinated against the Human Papilloma Virus. 62% of the participants were sexually active and 34.3% had heard of Human Papilloma Virus before. The knowledge score about the virus was affected by sexual activity, early sexual intercourse, class level, economic status, and marital status.
Conclusions: The poor knowledge of students about the risks factor of HPV infection and vaccine is reflected in their risky behaviour. Promoting and providing universal access to the HPV vaccination may encourage international students to get the vaccine, leading to fewer new cases of HPV infection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

behaviour, human papilloma virus, Knowledge, vaccination

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Human Papillomavirüs ve Aşısı Hakkındaki Bilgi, Davranışları ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğrencilerin Human Papillomavirüs (HPV) enfeksiyonu ve aşısı ile ilgili bilgi ve davranışlarını değerlendirmektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, 05.04.2020-25.07.2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi hukuk ve mühendislik fakültelerinde öğrenim gören 261 uluslararası öğrenci oluşturmuş olup, 213 uluslararası öğrenci araştırmanın örneklem grubunda yer almıştır. Veriler, araştırmacı tarafından literatür taramasına dayalı olarak geliştirilen ve demografik kriterler, özellikler, öğrencilerin HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısı ile ilgili davranışları, HPV enfeksiyonu hakkında bilgi ve HPV aşısı hakkında bilgi olmak üzere dört bölümden oluşan çevrimiçi anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 22.0 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiş, analiz sonuçları p<0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde yorumlanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza katılanların yaş ortalaması 22.05±2.31 olup, %19.2'si HPV’ye karşı aşılanmıştır. Katılımcıların %62'si cinsel olarak aktifti ve %34.3'ü daha önce Human Papilloma virüsü duymuştu. Virüs hakkındaki bilgi puanı cinsel aktivite, erken cinsel ilişki, sınıf düzeyi, ekonomik durum ve medeni durumdan etkileniyordu.
Sonuçlar: Öğrencilerin HPV enfeksiyonu ve aşısının risk faktörü hakkındaki yetersiz bilgileri, riskli davranışlarına yansımaktadır. HPV aşısına kapsamlı erişimi teşvik etmek ve sağlamak, uluslararası öğrencileri aşı olmaya teşvik edebilir ve daha az yeni HPV enfeksiyonu vakasına yol açabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilgi, davranış, human papillomavirüs, aşılanma

Kaynakça

• Almobarak AO, Elbadawi AA, Elmadhoun WM, Elhoweris MH, Ahmed MH. (2016). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Sudanese women regarding the pap smear test and cervical cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 17(2),625-630. https://doi.org/10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.625
• Arbyn M, Weiderpass E, Bruni L, de Sanjosé S, Saraiya M, Ferlay J, et al. (2020). Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 8(2),191-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30482-6.
• Bal-Yılmaz H, Koniak-Griffin D. (2018). Knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes about human papillomavirus among nursing students in Izmir, Turkey. Journal of Cancer Education, 33(4),814-820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-017-1163-1
• Chanprasertpinyo W, Rerkswattavorn C. (2020). Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine status and knowledge of students at a university in rural Thailand. Heliyon, 6(8), e04625.
• Charalambous I, Ioannou G, Nikolaou S, Theologou R, Yiallourou A, Papatheodorou S, et al. (2020). State of knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine and testing: a cross-sectional study among female university students in Cyprus. Women Health, 60(1), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2019.1610825
• Cinar İO, Ozkan S, Aslan G.K, Alatas E. (2019). Knowledge and behavior of university students toward human papillomavirus and vaccination. Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6,300-307.
• Costa ADS, Gomes JM, Germani ACCG, Silva, MR, Santos EFDS, Soares Júnior JM, et al. (2020). Knowledge gaps and acquisition about HPV and its vaccine among Brazilian medical students. Plos One, 15(3), e0230058.
• Daniel CL, McLendon L, Green CL, Anderson K J, Pierce JY, Perkins A, et al. (2019). HPV and HPV vaccination knowledge and attitudes among medical students in Alabama. Journal of Cancer Education, 36(1),168-177.
• Dönmez S, Öztürk R, Kısa S, Karaoz Weller B, Zeyneloğlu S. (2019). Knowledge and perception of female nursing students about human papillomavirus (HPV), cervical cancer, and attitudes toward HPV vaccination. Journal of American College Health, 67(5),410-417. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1484364
• Evans L, Matley E, Oberbillig M., Margetts E., Darrow L. (2020). HPV knowledge and attitudes among medical and professional students at a Nevada University: a focus on oropharyngeal cancer and mandating the vaccine. Journal of Cancer Education, 35(4), 774-781.
• Farazi P A, Siahpush M, Michaud TL, Kim J, Muchena C. (2019). Awareness of HPV and cervical cancer prevention among university health sciences students in Cyprus. Journal of Cancer Education, 34(4), 685-690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-018 1356
• Fakor F, Ghanbari A, Mahfouzi L, Dalil Heirati SF, Graili S. (2016). Knowledge and attitudes of medical students about human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination and associated factors. Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery, 26(4), 71-79.
• Ford ME, Cannady K, Nahhas GJ, Knight, KD, Chavis C, Crawford B, et al. (2020). Assessing an intervention to increase knowledge related to cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. Advances in Cancer Research, 146,115-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acr.2020.01. 007
• Gao H, Okoror T A, Hyner GC. (2016). Focus group study of Chinese international students’ knowledge and beliefs about HPV vaccination, before and after reading an informational pamphlet about Gardasil. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 18(5), 1085-1092.
• Guimera N, Alemany L, Bruni L, Muñoz N. (2020). Demonstrating the importance of different HPVs in cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers. In human papillomavirus, 3,41-51. Academic Press.
• Hamdi S. (2018). The impact of teachings on sexuality in Islam on HPV vaccine acceptability in the Middle East and North Africa region. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 7, 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2018.02.003
• Hanley SJB, Yoshioka E, Ito Y, Konno R, Sasaki Y, Kishi R, et al. (2014). An exploratory study of Japanese fathers' knowledge of and attitudes towards HPV and HPV vaccination: does marital status matter. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 15(4), 1837-1843.
• Haruyama R, Okawa S, Akaba H, Obara H, Fujita N. (2021). A review of the implementation status of and national plans on HPV vaccination in 17 middle-ıncome countries of the WHO Western Pacific Region. Vaccines, 9(11),1355. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9111355
• Jalil AT, Karevskiy A. (2020). The cervical cancer (CC) epidemiology and human papillomavirus (HPV) in the Middle East. International Journal of Environment. Engineering and Education, 2(2),7-12.
• Kanmodi KK, Chidiebere O, Nwafor NJ, Amoo BA. (2020). Knowledge of HPV, HPV-induced cancers, and HPV vaccine among university students in medical laboratory science disciplines: Nigerian study. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 3(1),1-7.
• Koç Z. (2015). University students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding cervical cancer, human papillomavirus, and human papillomavirus vaccines in Turkey. Journal of American College Health, 63(1), 13-22.
• Liu CR, Liang H, Zhang X, Pu C, Li Q, Li QL et al. (2019). Effect of an educational intervention on HPV knowledge and attitudes towards HPV and its vaccines among junior middle school students in Chengdu, China. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-9.
• Monteiro DLM, Brollo LCS, Souza TPD, Santos JRPD, Santos GR, Correa T, et al. (2018). Knowledge on the HPV vaccine among university students. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 60. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201860046
• Mukama T, Ndejjo R, Musabyimana A, Halage AA, Musoke D. (2017). Women’s knowledge and attitudes towards cervical cancer prevention: a cross sectional study in Eastern Uganda. BMC women's health, 17(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-017-0365-3
• Nekooi MS, Ayazi S, Gandomi, Moosavi SG, Fakhri A. (2016). Level of knowledge about human papillomavirus infection among women of Kashan city, Iran. International Archives of Health Sciences, 3(1), 7-12.
• Nyambe A, Kampen JK, Baboo SK, Van Hal G. (2019). Knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer prevention among Zambian women and men. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6874-2
• Oz M, Cetinkaya N, Apaydin A, Korkmaz E, Bas S, Ozgu E, et al. (2018). Awareness and knowledge levels of Turkish college students about human papilloma virus infection and vaccine acceptance. Journal of Cancer Education, 33(2),260-268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1116-0
• Shaikh MY, Hussaini MF, Narmeen M, Effendi R, Paryani NS, Ahmed A, et al., (2019). Knowledge, attitude, and barriers towards human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination among youths of Karachi, Pakistan. Cureus, 11(11). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.6134.
• Swarnapriya K, Kavitha D, Reddy GMM. (2016). Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding HPV vaccination among medical and para medical in students, India a cross sectional study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 16(18), 8473-8477.
• Turiho AK, Muhwezi WW, Okello ES, Tumwesigye NM, Banura C, Katahoire AR. (2015). Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and adolescent girls' knowledge and sexuality in Western Uganda: A comparative cross- sectional study. Plos One, 10(9), e0137094. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137094
• Widjaja VN. (2019). Awareness, knowledge and attitudes of human papillomavirus (HPV) among private university students-Malaysia Perspective. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 20(7), 2045.
• World Health Organization. Papillomavirus human (PVH) et cervical cancer (2019). Date of access:26.05.2020, https://www.who.int/fr/newsroom /fact-sheets/detail/human-papillomavirus-(HPV)-and cervical-cancer