Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklar ve Normal Gelişim Gösteren Çocukların Statik ve Hareketli Materyallerde Yüz İşlemelerinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 02, 271 - 290, 11.07.2017

Selda Özdemir , Ömür Gürel Selimoğlu Gökhan Töret Hayri Eren Suna

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.327784

Cited By: 1

Öz

Sosyal dikkat eksikliği
otizm spektrum bozukluğunun temel özelliklerinden biri olmasına rağmen, OSB’li
bireylerde bu probleme neden olan faktörler yeterince anlaşılabilmiş değildir.
Bu araştırmanın amacı, otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan (OSB) çocukların bilgisayar ekranında kendilerine
sunulan statik ve hareketli yüz ifadelerini izlerken sergiledikleri yüz
işlemelerini göz izleme tekniği ile incelemek ve normal gelişim gösteren (NG)
çocukların yüz işleme örüntüleri ile karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları
yaşları 5 ile 12
arasında değişen OSB’li 21 çocuk ile 22 NG'li çocuktur. Araştırmada
OSB’li ve NG’li çocuklara bilgisayar ekranında fotoğraf ve video izlettirilerek
göz izleme verileri toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında incelenen bağımlı
değişken, katılımcı çocukların odaklanma sayısıdır. Araştırma kapsamında uyaran
türünün (fotoğraf-video) ve gelişim durumunun (OSB'li grup-NG'li grup)
katılımcı çocukların odaklanma sayısı üzerindeki etkileri karşılaştırılmıştır.
Araştırma sonuçları bölge bazında yapılan karşılaştırmalarda OSB’li çocukların
NG’li çocuklara göre alt gövde alanında daha fazla odaklandıklarını ve NG’li
çocukların da ağız bölgesine OSB’li çocuklardan daha fazla odaklandıklarını
göstermiştir. Statik fotoğraf ve dinamik video değişkenlerinin etkisini
gösteren sonuçlar ise fotoğraf uyarını koşulunda hem OSB’li hem de NG’li
çocukların daha fazla odaklanma sergilediklerini göstermiştir. Araştırma
bulguları ilgili araştırmalar doğrultusunda tartışılmış ve ileri araştırmalara
yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu, göz izleme, yüz işleme, sosyal dikkat

Kaynakça

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